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authorReinhard Tartler <siretart@tauware.de>2011-10-10 17:43:39 +0200
committerReinhard Tartler <siretart@tauware.de>2011-10-10 17:43:39 +0200
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+ Building the X Window System from the X.Org Monolithic Source Distribution
+
+ Jim Gettys and Keith Packard (for X11R6.9)
+ David Dawes and Matthieu Herrb (for XFree86 4.4 RC2)
+
+ 21 December 2005
+
+ Abstract
+
+ This document describes how to build the X Window System from the
+ X.Org monolithic source distribution and is designed to be used in
+ conjunction with the operating system (OS) specific README files.
+
+ NOTE: Refer to the appropriate OS-specific README file in xc/pro-
+ grams/Xserver/hw/xfree86/doc before attempting to build the X dis-
+ tribution. These files often contain additional information that
+ you need to successfully build for your OS.
+
+We highly recommend using gcc to build the X distribution, but X also gener-
+ally builds with the native compiler for each OS platform; The build tools
+known to be required include: gcc, make, C library development package, bi-
+son, flex, ncurses (development package), and Perl.
+
+The monolithic tree also includes copies of some packages maintained outside
+the X.Org project for convenience in building on machines that do not already
+have them installed. These include FreeType 2, fontconfig, expat, xterm,
+and zlib. For most uses however, it is recommended that you install the
+latest version directly from the main distribution site, or use the packages
+provided in your operating system, as they are more likely to be up to date
+with the latest bug fixes and security patches. Depending on your platform,
+use of the bundled versions may be enabled or disabled by default, check the
+Imake configuration files for your platform in xc/config/cf to find out. To
+override the defaults for your platform or to set the path to the installa-
+tion location, see the instructions below on configuring the source via
+xorgsite.def and host.def.
+
+X11R6.9 depends on the following external packages:
+
+ +-------------+----------------+-----------+
+ |Package Name | Version | Included? |
+ +-------------+----------------+-----------+
+ |expat | 1.95.8 | Yes |
+ |fontconfig | 2.2 or newer | Yes |
+ |FreeType | 2.1.8 or 2.1.9 | Yes |
+ |libdrm | 2.0 | Yes |
+ |libpng | 1.2.8 | No |
+ |Mesa | 6.4.1 | Yes |
+ |xterm | Patch 207 | Yes |
+ |zlib | 1.1.4 or 1.2.3 | Yes |
+ +-------------+----------------+-----------+
+
+You can find more information and/or the original sources for these packages
+at their project websites at these URL's:
+
+ +-------------+-------------------------------------------+
+ |Package Name | Website |
+ +-------------+-------------------------------------------+
+ |expat | http://expat.sourceforge.net/ |
+ |fontconfig | http://www.fontconfig.org/ |
+ |FreeType | http://www.freetype.org/ |
+ |libdrm | http://dri.freedesktop.org/libdrm/ |
+ |libpng | http://www.libpng.com/pub/png/libpng.html |
+ |Mesa | http://www.mesa3d.org/ |
+ |xterm | http://dickey.his.com/xterm/xterm.html |
+ |zlib | http://www.zlib.net/ |
+ +-------------+-------------------------------------------+
+
+1. How to get the X11R6.9 distribution source
+
+One way of getting the X11R6.9 source is to obtain it directly from the X.Org
+CVS repository. There are several ways of doing that, and they are described
+in the CVS section of our wiki <URL:http://wiki.x.org/> The CVS tag for this
+release is "XORG-6_9_0". The tag for the maintenance branch for this
+release is "XORG-6_9-branch".
+
+Another method of getting the X11R6.9 source is to either download the 6.9.0
+source tarballs sites from freedesktop.org using either ftp or http. The
+procedure for this is as follows:
+
+ o The X11R6.9 source is contained in the files:
+
+ X11R6.9.0-src1.tar.gz
+
+ X11R6.9.0-src2.tar.gz
+
+ X11R6.9.0-src3.tar.gz
+
+ X11R6.9.0-src4.tar.gz
+
+ X11R6.9.0-src5.tar.gz
+
+ X11R6.9.0-src6.tar.gz
+
+ X11R6.9.0-src7.tar.gz
+
+ These can be found at ftp://ftp.freedesk-
+ top.org/xorg/releases/X11R6.9/src/ or http://xorg.freedesk-
+ top.org/releases/X11R6.9/src/ and similar locations on X.Org mirror
+ sites. X11R6.9.0-src4.tgz and X11R6.9.0-src5.tar.gz contains the fonts.
+ X11R6.9.0-src6.tar.gz contains the documentation source.
+ X11R6.9.0-src7.tar.gz contains the hardcopy documentation.
+ X11R6.9.0-src1.tar.gz, X11R6.9.0-src2.tar.gz and X11R6.9.0-src3.tar.gz
+ contains everything else. If you don't need the docs or fonts you can
+ get by with only X11R6.9.0-src1.tar.gz, X11R6.9.0-src2.tar.gz and
+ X11R6.9.0-src3.tar.gz.
+
+ o Extract each of these files by running the following from a directory on
+ a filesystem containing enough space (the full source requires around
+ 305MB, and a similar amount is required in addition to this for the com-
+ piled binaries):
+
+ gzip -d < X11R6.9.0-src1.tar.gz | tar vxf -
+
+ gzip -d < X11R6.9.0-src2.tar.gz | tar vxf -
+
+ gzip -d < X11R6.9.0-src3.tar.gz | tar vxf -
+
+ gzip -d < X11R6.9.0-src4.tar.gz | tar vxf -
+
+ gzip -d < X11R6.9.0-src5.tar.gz | tar vxf -
+
+ gzip -d < X11R6.9.0-src6.tar.gz | tar vxf -
+
+ gzip -d < X11R6.9.0-src7.tar.gz | tar vxf -
+
+All methods will produce one main source directory called xc.
+
+2. Configuring the source before building
+
+In most cases it shouldn't be necessary to configure anything before build-
+ing.
+
+If you do want to make configuration changes, it is recommended that you
+start by going to the xc/config/cf directory, and copying the file
+xorgsite.def to host.def. Then read through the host.def file (which is
+heavily commented), and set your configuration parameters. Usually you can
+find the default settings by checking the .cf file(s) relevant to your OS.
+
+A good rule to follow is only to change things that you understand as it's
+easy to create build problems by changing the default configuration. Many of
+the configuration parameters are described in the xc/config/cf/README.
+
+If you are using just the X11R6.9.0-src1.tar.gz, X11R6.9.0-src2.tar.gz and
+X11R6.9.0-src3.tar.gz parts of the source dist, you will need to define
+BuildFonts to NO.
+
+3. Using a shadow directory of symbolic links for the build
+
+A recommended practice is to use a shadow directory of symbolic links to do
+the build of X11R6.9 as this allows you to keep the source directory unmodi-
+fied during the build. It has the following benefits:
+
+ o When you are using CVS to maintain your source tree, the update process
+ is not disturbed by foreign files not under CVS's control.
+
+ o It is possible to build X11R6.9 for several different Operating System
+ or architectures from the same sources, shared by read-only NFS mounts.
+
+ o It is possible to build X11R6.9 with different configuration options, by
+ putting a real copy of the host.def file in each build tree and by cus-
+ tomizing it separately in each build tree.
+
+To make a shadow directory of symbolic links, use the following steps:
+
+ o create the directory at the top of the build tree. It is often created
+ at the same level that the xc directory, but this is not mandatory.
+
+ cd the directory containing the xcdirectory
+
+ mkdir build
+
+ o use the "lndir" command to make the shadow tree:
+
+ lndir ../xc
+
+ Note that you can refer to the xc directory with an absolute path if
+ needed.
+
+ See the lndir(1) manual page for details.
+
+If lndir is not already installed on your system, you can build it manually
+from the X11R6.9 sources by running the following commands:
+
+ cd xc/config/util
+
+ make -f Makefile.ini lndir
+
+ cp lndir some directory in your PATH
+
+Occasionally there may be stale links in the build tree, like when files in
+the source tree are removed or renamed. These can be cleaned up by running
+the "cleanlinks" script from the build directory (see the cleanlinks(1) man-
+ual page). Rarely there will be changes that will require the build tree to
+be re-created from scratch. A symptom of this can be mysterious build prob-
+lems. The best solution for this is to remove the build tree, and then re-
+create it using the steps outlined above.
+
+4. Building and installing the distribution
+
+Before building the distribution, read through the OS-specific README file in
+xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/doc that is relevant to you. Once you have
+addressed the OS-specific details, go your build directory (either the xc
+directory or the shadow tree created before) and run "make World" with the
+BOOTSTRAPCFLAGS set as described in the OS-specific README (if necessary, but
+most systems supported by X11R6.9 don't need BOOTSTRAPCFLAGS). It is advis-
+able to redirect stdout and stderr to World.log so that you can track down
+problems that might occur during the build.
+
+With Bourne-like shells (Bash, the Korn shell, zsh, etc.) use a command like:
+
+ make World > World.log 2>&1
+
+Witch C-shell variants (csh, tcsh, etc), use:
+
+ make World >& World.log
+
+You can follow the progress of the build by running:
+
+ tail -f World.log
+
+ in a terminal.
+
+When the build is finished, you should check the World.Log file to see if
+there were any problems. If there weren't any then you can install the bina-
+ries. By default the "make World" process will exit at the first error. To
+restart the build process after correcting the problems, just run 'make'. If
+Imakefiles or part of the build configuration was changed as part of correct-
+ing the problem, either re-run "make World", or run "make Everything".
+
+If you would prefer "make World" to ignore errors and build as much as possi-
+ble, run it in the following way instead of the way described above:
+
+for Bourne-like shells:
+
+ make WORLDOPTS=-k World > World.log 2>&1
+
+for C-shell variants:
+
+ make WORLDOPTS=-k World >& World.log
+
+To do the install, run "make install" and "make install.man". Make sure you
+have enough space in /usr/X11R6 for the install to succeed. If you want to
+install on a filesystem other than /usr, make a symbolic link to /usr/X11R6
+before installing. To install the tree into a different directory than
+/usr/X11R6 you can specify DESTDIR:
+
+ make install DESTDIR=<install_target_dir>
+
+ make install.man DESTDIR=<install_target_dir>
+
+Cross compiling is supported if the appropriate config files for your target
+platforms exist. You must have the compiler toolchain installed for your tar-
+get platform and the C-compiler must know where those tools exist. To inform
+the build system where your cross compiler is located set the make variable
+CROSSCOMPILEDIR to the directory where the toolchain binaries are installed.
+
+ make World CROSSCOMPILEDIR="<cross compiler dir>";
+
+.
+
+5. Reconfiguring the server (source distribution)
+
+To build a different set of servers or servers with a different set of
+drivers installed:
+
+ 1. Make sure the source for any new drivers is in the correct place (e.g.,
+ driver source should be in a subdirectory of xc/pro-
+ grams/Xserver/hw/xfree86/drivers).
+
+ 2. Change the settings of the server defines in host.def to specify which
+ servers you wish to build. Also, change the driver lists to suit your
+ needs.
+
+ 3. From xc/programs/Xserver, run:
+
+ make Makefile
+ make Makefiles
+ make includes
+ make depend
+ make
+
+6. Other useful make targets
+
+There are some other useful targets defined in the top level Makefile of
+X11R6.9:
+
+ o Everything after a make World, make Everything does everything a make
+ World does, except the cleaning of the tree. It is a way to quickly
+ rebuild the tree after a source patch, but it is not 100% bullet proof.
+ There are cases were it is better to force a full build by using make
+ World.
+
+ o clean does a partial cleaning of the source tree. Removes object files
+ and generated manual pages, but leaves the Makefiles and the generated
+ dependencies files in place. After a make clean you need to re-run
+
+ make includes
+ make depend
+ make
+
+ to rebuild the X11R6.9.
+
+ o distclean does a full cleaning of the source tree, removing all gener-
+ ated files. After a make distclean, make World is the only option to
+ rebuild X11R6.9.
+
+ o includes generates all generated header files and in-tree symbolic links
+ needed by the build. These files are removed by a make clean.
+
+ o depend recomputes the dependencies for the various targets in all Make-
+ files. Depending on the operating system, the dependencies are stored in
+ the Makefile, or as a separate file, called .depend. This target needs
+ the generated include files produced by make includes.
+
+ o VerifyOS displays the detected operating system version. If the numbers
+ shown do not match your system, you probably need to set them manually
+ in host.def and report the problem to Xorg via our bug database at X.Org
+ Bug Database <URL:https://bugs.freedesktop.org/enter_bug.cgi?prod-
+ uct=xorg> or via email at <xorg@lists.freedesktop.org>.
+
+ Generated from Id: BUILD.sgml,v 1.10 alanc Exp $
+
+
+$XdotOrg: xc/BUILD,v 1.7 2005/12/21 05:39:04 kem Exp $