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-.\" Copyright (c) 1994 X Consortium
-.\"
-.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-.\" a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-.\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-.\" without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-.\" distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
-.\" permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
-.\" the following conditions:
-.\"
-.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-.\"
-.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
-.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE X CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
-.\" OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
-.\" ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
-.\" OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-.\"
-.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name of the X Consortium shall
-.\" not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
-.\" other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization
-.\" from the X Consortium.
-.\"
-.\"
-.de EX \"Begin example
-.ne 5
-.if n .sp 1
-.if t .sp .5
-.nf
-.in +.5i
-..
-.de EE
-.fi
-.in -.5i
-.if n .sp 1
-.if t .sp .5
-..
-.TH XCALC 1 __xorgversion__
-.SH NAME
-xcalc \- scientific calculator for X
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B xcalc
-[-stipple] [-rpn] [-\fItoolkitoption...\fP]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.I xcalc
-is a scientific calculator desktop accessory that can emulate a TI-30
-or an HP-10C.
-.SH OPTIONS
-.PP
-\fIxcalc\fP accepts all of the standard toolkit command line options along
-with two additional options:
-.PP
-.TP 8
-.B \-stipple
-This option indicates that the background of the calculator should be
-drawn using a stipple of the foreground and background colors. On monochrome
-displays improves the appearance.
-.PP
-.TP 8
-.B \-rpn
-This option indicates that Reverse Polish Notation should be used. In this
-mode the calculator will look and behave like an HP-10C. Without this flag,
-it will emulate a TI-30.
-.SH OPERATION
-.PP
-.I Pointer Usage:
-Operations may be performed with pointer button 1, or in some cases,
-with the keyboard.
-Many common calculator operations have keyboard accelerators.
-To quit, press pointer button 3 on the AC key of the TI calculator,
-or the ON key of the HP calculator.
-.PP
-.I Calculator Key Usage (TI mode):
-The numbered keys, the +/- key, and the +, -, *, /, and = keys all do exactly
-what you would expect them to. It should be noted that the operators obey
-the standard rules of precedence. Thus, entering "3+4*5=" results in "23",
-not "35". The parentheses can be used to override this. For example,
-"(1+2+3)*(4+5+6)=" results in "6*15=90".
-.PP
-The entire number in the calculator display can be selected, in order to
-paste the result of a calculation into text.
-.PP
-The action procedures associated with each function are given below. These
-are useful if you are interested in defining a custom calculator.
-The action used for all digit keys is \fBdigit(\fIn\fP)\fR, where \fIn\fR
-is the corresponding digit, 0..9.
-.TP 10
-.B 1/x
-Replaces the number in the display with its reciprocal.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBreciprocal()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B x^2
-Squares the number in the display.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBsquare()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B SQRT
-Takes the square root of the number in the display.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBsquareRoot()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B CE/C
-When pressed once, clears the number in the display without clearing the state
-of the machine. Allows you to re-enter a number if you make a mistake.
-Pressing it twice clears the state, also.
-The corresponding action procedure for TI mode is \fBclear()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B AC
-Clears the display, the state, and the memory. Pressing it with the third
-pointer button turns off the calculator, in that it exits the program.
-The action procedure to clear the state is \fBoff()\fR; to quit, \fBquit()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B INV
-Invert function. See the individual function keys for details.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBinverse()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B sin
-Computes the sine of the number in the display, as interpreted by the current
-DRG mode (see DRG, below). If inverted, it computes the arcsine.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBsine()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B cos
-Computes the cosine, or arccosine when inverted.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBcosine()\fP.
-.TP 10
-.B tan
-Computes the tangent, or arctangent when inverted.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBtangent()\fP.
-.TP 10
-.B DRG
-Changes the DRG mode, as indicated by 'DEG', 'RAD', or 'GRAD' at the bottom of
-of the calculator ``liquid crystal'' display.
-When in 'DEG' mode, numbers in the display are taken as being
-degrees. In 'RAD' mode, numbers are in radians, and in 'GRAD' mode, numbers
-are in grads. When inverted, the DRG key has a feature of
-converting degrees to radians to grads and vice-versa. Example: put the
-calculator into 'DEG' mode, and enter "45 INV DRG". The display should now
-show something along the lines of ".785398", which is 45 degrees converted to
-radians.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBdegree()\fP.
-.TP 10
-.B e
-The constant 'e'. (2.7182818...).
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBe()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B EE
-Used for entering exponential numbers. For example, to get "-2.3E-4" you'd
-enter "2 . 3 +/- EE 4 +/-".
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBscientific()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B log
-Calculates the log (base 10) of the number in the display. When inverted,
-it raises "10.0" to the number in the display.
-For example, entering "3 INV log" should result in "1000".
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBlogarithm()\fP.
-.TP 10
-.B ln
-Calculates the log (base e) of the number in the display. When inverted,
-it raises "e" to the number in the display. For example, entering "e ln"
-should result in "1".
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBnaturalLog()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B y^x
-Raises the number on the left to the power of the number on the right. For
-example "2 y^x 3 =" results in "8", which is 2^3. For a further example,
-"(1+2+3) y^x (1+2) =" equals "6 y^x 3" which equals "216".
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBpower()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B PI
-The constant 'pi'. (3.1415927....)
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBpi()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B x!
-Computes the factorial of the number in the display. The number in the display
-must be an integer in the range 0-500, though, depending on your math library,
-it might overflow long before that.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBfactorial()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B (
-Left parenthesis. The corresponding action procedure for TI calculators
-is \fBleftParen()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B )
-Right parenthesis. The corresponding action procedure for TI calculators
-is \fBrightParen()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B /
-Division. The corresponding action procedure is \fBdivide()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B *
-Multiplication. The corresponding action procedure is \fBmultiply()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B -
-Subtraction. The corresponding action procedure is \fBsubtract()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B +
-Addition. The corresponding action procedure is \fBadd()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B =
-Perform calculation. The TI-specific action procedure is \fBequal()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B STO
-Copies the number in the display to the memory location.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBstore()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B RCL
-Copies the number from the memory location to the display.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBrecall()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B SUM
-Adds the number in the display to the number in the memory location.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBsum()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B EXC
-Swaps the number in the display with the number in the memory location.
-The corresponding action procedure for the TI calculator is \fBexchange()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B +/-
-Negate; change sign. The corresponding action procedure is \fBnegate()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B .
-Decimal point. The action procedure is \fBdecimal()\fP.
-.sp
-.PP
-.I Calculator Key Usage (RPN mode):
-The number keys, CHS (change sign), +, -, *, /, and ENTR keys all do exactly
-what you would expect them to do. Many of the remaining keys are the same as
-in TI mode. The differences are detailed below. The action procedure
-for the ENTR key is \fBenter()\fR.
-.sp
-.TP 10
-.B <-
-This is a backspace key that can be used if you make a mistake while entering
-a number. It will erase digits from the display. (See BUGS).
-Inverse backspace will clear the X register.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBback()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B ON
-Clears the display, the state, and the memory. Pressing it with the third
-pointer button turns off the calculator, in that it exits the program.
-To clear state, the action procedure is \fBoff\fR; to quit, \fBquit()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B INV
-Inverts the meaning of the function keys. This would be the \fIf\fR key
-on an HP calculator, but \fIxcalc\fR does not display
-multiple legends on each key. See the individual function keys for details.
-.TP 10
-.B 10^x
-Raises "10.0" to the number in the top of the stack.
-When inverted, it calculates the log (base 10) of the number in the display.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBtenpower()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B e^x
-Raises "e" to the number in the top of the stack.
-When inverted, it calculates the log (base e) of the number in the display.
-The action procedure is \fBepower()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B STO
-Copies the number in the top of the stack to a memory location. There are 10
-memory locations. The desired memory is specified by following this
-key with a digit key.
-.TP 10
-.B RCL
-Pushes the number from the specified memory location onto the stack.
-.TP 10
-.B SUM
-Adds the number on top of the stack to the number in the specified
-memory location.
-.TP 10
-.B x:y
-Exchanges the numbers in the top two stack positions, the X and Y registers.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBXexchangeY()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.B R v
-Rolls the stack downward. When inverted, it rolls the stack upward.
-The corresponding action procedure is \fBroll()\fR.
-.TP 10
-.I blank
-These keys were used for programming functions on the HP-10C. Their
-functionality has not been duplicated in \fIxcalc\fR.
-.PP
-Finally, there are two additional action procedures:
-\fBbell()\fR, which rings the bell;
-and \fBselection()\fR, which performs a cut on the
-entire number in the calculator's ``liquid crystal'' display.
-.SH ACCELERATORS
-.PP
-Accelerators are shortcuts for entering commands. \fIxcalc\fP provides
-some sample keyboard accelerators; also users can customize accelerators.
-The numeric keypad accelerators provided by \fIxcalc\fP
-should be intuitively correct.
-The accelerators defined by \fIxcalc\fP on the main keyboard are given below:
-.PP
-.nf
-.ta .5i 1.0i 1.5i 2.0i 2.5i 3.0i 3.5i 4.0i 4.5i 5.0i 5.5i 6.0i 6.5i 7.0i
- TI Key HP Key Keyboard Accelerator TI Function HP Function
-
- SQRT SQRT r squareRoot() squareRoot()
- AC ON space clear() clear()
- AC <- Delete clear() back()
- AC <- Backspace clear() back()
- AC <- Control-H clear() back()
- AC Clear clear()
- AC ON q quit() quit()
- AC ON Control-C quit() quit()
-
- INV i i inverse() inverse()
- sin s s sine() sine()
- cos c c cosine() cosine()
- tan t t tangent() tangent()
- DRG DRG d degree() degree()
-
- e e e()
- ln ln l naturalLog() naturalLog()
- y^x y^x ^ power() power()
-
- PI PI p pi() pi()
- x! x! ! factorial() factorial()
- ( ( leftParen()
- ) ) rightParen()
-
- / / / divide() divide()
- * * * multiply() multiply()
- - - - subtract() subtract()
- + + + add() add()
- = = equal()
-
- 0..9 0..9 0..9 digit() digit()
- . . . decimal() decimal()
- +/- CHS n negate() negate()
-
- x:y x XexchangeY()
- ENTR Return enter()
- ENTR Linefeed enter()
-.fi
-.PP
-.SH CUSTOMIZATION
-The application class name is XCalc.
-.PP
-\fIxcalc\fP has an enormous application defaults file which specifies
-the position, label, and function of each key on the calculator.
-It also gives translations to serve as keyboard accelerators.
-Because these resources are not specified in the source code, you can create
-a customized calculator by writing a private application defaults file,
-using the Athena Command and Form widget resources to specify the size and
-position of buttons, the label for each button, and the function of
-each button.
-.PP
-The foreground and background colors of each calculator key can be
-individually specified.
-For the TI calculator, a classical color resource specification might be:
-.sp
-.br
-XCalc.ti.Command.background: gray50
-.br
-XCalc.ti.Command.foreground: white
-.sp
-For each of buttons 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40, specify:
-.br
-XCalc.ti.button20.background: black
-.br
-XCalc.ti.button20.foreground: white
-.sp
-For each of buttons 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38, and 39:
-.br
-XCalc.ti.button22.background: white
-.br
-XCalc.ti.button22.foreground: black
-.SH WIDGET HIERARCHY
-In order to specify resources, it is useful to know the hierarchy of
-the widgets which compose \fIxcalc\fR. In the notation below,
-indentation indicates hierarchical structure. The widget class name
-is given first, followed by the widget instance name.
-.nf
-.ta .5i 1.0i 1.5i 2.0i 2.5i 3.0i 3.5i 4.0i 4.5i 5.0i 5.5i 6.0i 6.5i 7.0i
-.sp
-XCalc xcalc
- Form ti \fIor\fR hp \fI(the name depends on the mode)\fR
- Form bevel
- Form screen
- Label M
- Toggle LCD
- Label INV
- Label DEG
- Label RAD
- Label GRAD
- Label P
- Command button1
- Command button2
- Command button3
-\fIand so on, ...\fR
- Command button38
- Command button39
- Command button40
-.fi
-.SH APPLICATION RESOURCES
-.PP
-.TP 8
-\fBrpn\fR (Class \fBRpn\fR)
-Specifies that the rpn mode should be used. The default is TI mode.
-.TP 8
-\fBstipple\fR (Class \fBStipple\fR)
-Indicates that the background should be stippled. The default is ``on''
-for monochrome displays, and ``off'' for color displays.
-.TP 8
-\fBcursor\fR (Class \fBCursor\fR)
-The name of the symbol used to represent the pointer.
-The default is ``hand2''.
-.fi
-.SH COLORS
-If you would like xcalc to use its ti colors, include the following
-in the #ifdef COLOR section of the file you read with xrdb:
-.sp 1
-*customization: -color
-.sp 1
-.br
-This will cause xcalc to pick up the colors in the app-defaults color
-customization file:
-.IR __apploaddir__/XCalc-color .
-.fi
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-X(__miscmansuffix__), xrdb(1), the Athena Widget Set
-.SH BUGS
-.PP
-HP mode is not completely debugged. In particular, the stack is
-not handled properly after errors.
-.SH COPYRIGHT
-Copyright 1994 X Consortium
-.br
-See \fIX(__miscmansuffix__)\fP for a full statement of rights and permissions.
-.SH AUTHORS
-John Bradley, University of Pennsylvania
-.br
-Mark Rosenstein, MIT Project Athena
-.br
-Donna Converse, MIT X Consortium