xserver libX11 libxtrans mesa pixman xkeyboard-config git update 27 Apr 2011

27 files changed, 5984 insertions, 6144 deletions

diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imDefIc.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imDefIc.c
index 9283c49c3..a962c1b0f 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imDefIc.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imDefIc.c
@@ -1425,10 +1425,9 @@ _XimProtoCreateIC(
     if (!(_XimGetInputStyle(arg, &input_style)))
 	return (XIC)NULL;
 
-    if ((ic = (Xic)Xmalloc(sizeof(XicRec))) == (Xic)NULL)
+    if ((ic = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XicRec))) == (Xic)NULL)
 	return (XIC)NULL;
 
-    bzero((char *)ic, sizeof(XicRec));
     ic->methods = &ic_methods;
     ic->core.im = (XIM)im;
     ic->core.input_style = input_style;
diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imInt.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imInt.c
index b19809237..26f4991a2 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imInt.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imInt.c
@@ -204,9 +204,8 @@ _XimOpenIM(
     Xim			 im;
     register int	 i;
 
-    if (!(im = (Xim)Xmalloc(sizeof(XimRec))))
+    if (!(im = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XimRec))))
 	return (XIM)NULL;
-    bzero(im, sizeof(XimRec));
 
     im->core.lcd       = lcd;
     im->core.ic_chain  = (XIC)NULL;
@@ -215,14 +214,12 @@ _XimOpenIM(
     im->core.res_name  = NULL;
     im->core.res_class = NULL;
     if((res_name != NULL) && (*res_name != '\0')){
-	if(!(im->core.res_name  = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(res_name)+1)))
+	if(!(im->core.res_name  = strdup(res_name)))
 	    goto Error1;
-	strcpy(im->core.res_name,res_name);
     }
     if((res_class != NULL) && (*res_class != '\0')){
-	if(!(im->core.res_class = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(res_class)+1)))
+	if(!(im->core.res_class = strdup(res_class)))
 	    goto Error2;
-	strcpy(im->core.res_class,res_class);
     }
     if(!(im->core.im_name = _XimMakeImName(lcd)))
 	goto Error3;
diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imLcIc.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imLcIc.c
index c0728084f..49338853c 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imLcIc.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imLcIc.c
@@ -143,10 +143,9 @@ _XimLocalCreateIC(
     unsigned int	 num;
     int			 len;
 
-    if((ic = (Xic)Xmalloc(sizeof(XicRec))) == (Xic)NULL) {
+    if((ic = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XicRec))) == (Xic)NULL) {
 	return ((XIC)NULL);
     }
-    bzero((char *)ic, sizeof(XicRec));
 
     ic->methods = &Local_ic_methods;
     ic->core.im = im;
diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRm.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRm.c
index 3d09b8136..da1207ca1 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRm.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRm.c
@@ -360,10 +360,9 @@ _XimDefaultStyles(
 
     n = XIMNumber(supported_local_styles) - 1;
     len = sizeof(XIMStyles) + sizeof(XIMStyle) * n;
-    if(!(tmp = (XPointer)Xmalloc(len))) {
+    if(!(tmp = Xcalloc(1, len))) {
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero(tmp, len);
 
     styles = (XIMStyles *)tmp;
     if (n > 0) {
@@ -396,10 +395,9 @@ _XimDefaultIMValues(
 
     n = XIMNumber(supported_local_im_values_list);
     len = sizeof(XIMValuesList) + sizeof(char **) * n;
-    if(!(tmp = (XPointer)Xmalloc(len))) {
+    if(!(tmp = Xcalloc(1, len))) {
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero(tmp, len);
 
     values_list = (XIMValuesList *)tmp;
     if (n > 0) {
@@ -433,10 +431,9 @@ _XimDefaultICValues(
 
     n = XIMNumber(supported_local_ic_values_list);
     len = sizeof(XIMValuesList) + sizeof(char **) * n;
-    if(!(tmp = (XPointer)Xmalloc(len))) {
+    if(!(tmp = Xcalloc(1, len))) {
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero(tmp, len);
 
     values_list = (XIMValuesList *)tmp;
     if (n > 0) {
@@ -796,19 +793,15 @@ _XimEncodeString(
     XPointer	 	  top,
     XPointer	 	  val)
 {
-    int			  len;
     char		 *string;
     char		**out;
 
     if(val == (XPointer)NULL) {
 	return False;
     }
-    len = strlen((char *)val);
-    if(!(string = (char *)Xmalloc(len + 1))) {
+    if (!(string = strdup((char *)val))) {
 	return False;
     }
-    (void)strcpy(string, (char *)val);
-    string[len] = '\0';
 
     out = (char **)((char *)top + info->offset);
     if(*out) {
@@ -1085,10 +1078,9 @@ _XimDecodeStyles(
     num = styles->count_styles;
 
     len = sizeof(XIMStyles) + sizeof(XIMStyle) * num;
-    if(!(tmp = (XPointer)Xmalloc(len))) {
+    if(!(tmp = Xcalloc(1, len))) {
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero(tmp, len);
 
     out = (XIMStyles *)tmp;
     if(num >0) {
@@ -1124,10 +1116,9 @@ _XimDecodeValues(
     num = values_list->count_values;
 
     len = sizeof(XIMValuesList) + sizeof(char **) * num;
-    if(!(tmp = (char *)Xmalloc(len))) {
+    if(!(tmp = Xcalloc(1, len))) {
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero(tmp, len);
 
     out = (XIMValuesList *)tmp;
     if(num) {
@@ -1168,21 +1159,18 @@ _XimDecodeString(
     XPointer	 	 top,
     XPointer	 	 val)
 {
-    int			 len = 0;
     char		*in;
     char		*string;
 
     in = *((char **)((char *)top + info->offset));
-    if(in != (char *)NULL) {
-	len = strlen(in);
+    if (in != NULL) {
+	string = strdup(in);
+    } else {
+	string = Xcalloc(1, 1); /* strdup("") */
     }
-    if(!(string = (char *)Xmalloc(len + 1))) {
+    if (string == NULL) {
 	return False;
     }
-    if(in != (char *)NULL) {
-	(void)strcpy(string, in);
-    }
-    string[len] = '\0';
     *((char **)val) = string;
     return True;
 }
@@ -2143,10 +2131,9 @@ _XimSetResourceList(
     XIMResourceList	  res;
 
     len = sizeof(XIMResource) * num_resource;
-    if(!(res = (XIMResourceList)Xmalloc(len))) {
+    if(!(res = Xcalloc(1, len))) {
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero((char *)res, len);
 
     for(i = 0; i < num_resource; i++, id++) {
 	res[i]    = resource[i];
diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRmAttr.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRmAttr.c
index 27dcbc9cd..2e732658a 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRmAttr.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imRmAttr.c
@@ -1408,7 +1408,6 @@ _XimGetAttributeID(
 {
     unsigned int	  n;
     XIMResourceList	  res;
-    int			  res_len;
     char		 *names;
     int			  names_len;
     XPointer		  tmp;
@@ -1426,18 +1425,15 @@ _XimGetAttributeID(
 
     if (!(n = _XimCountNumberOfAttr(buf[0], &buf[1], &names_len)))
 	return False;
-    res_len = sizeof(XIMResource) * n;
 
-    if (!(res = (XIMResourceList)Xmalloc(res_len)))
+    if (!(res = Xcalloc(n, sizeof(XIMResource))))
 	return False;
-    bzero((char *)res, res_len);
 
     values_len = sizeof(XIMValuesList) + (sizeof(char **) * n) + names_len;
-    if (!(tmp = (XPointer)Xmalloc(values_len))) {
+    if (!(tmp = Xcalloc(1, values_len))) {
 	Xfree(res);
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero(tmp, values_len);
 
     values_list = (XIMValuesList *)tmp;
     values = (char **)((char *)tmp + sizeof(XIMValuesList));
@@ -1475,18 +1471,15 @@ _XimGetAttributeID(
 
     if (!(n = _XimCountNumberOfAttr(buf[0], &buf[2], &names_len)))
 	return False;
-    res_len = sizeof(XIMResource) * n;
 
-    if (!(res = (XIMResourceList)Xmalloc(res_len)))
+    if (!(res = Xcalloc(n, sizeof(XIMResource))))
 	return False;
-    bzero((char *)res, res_len);
 
     values_len = sizeof(XIMValuesList) + (sizeof(char **) * n) + names_len;
-    if (!(tmp = (XPointer)Xmalloc(values_len))) {
+    if (!(tmp = Xcalloc(1, values_len))) {
 	Xfree(res);
 	return False;
     }
-    bzero(tmp, values_len);
 
     values_list = (XIMValuesList *)tmp;
     values = (char **)((char *)tmp + sizeof(XIMValuesList));
diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imThaiIc.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imThaiIc.c
index d1cb22a5e..95433f3d7 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imThaiIc.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imThaiIc.c
@@ -157,10 +157,9 @@ _XimThaiCreateIC(
     int			 len;
     DefTree             *tree;
 
-    if((ic = (Xic)Xmalloc(sizeof(XicRec))) == (Xic)NULL) {
+    if((ic = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XicRec))) == (Xic)NULL) {
 	return ((XIC)NULL);
     }
-    bzero((char *)ic,      sizeof(XicRec));
 
     ic->methods = &Thai_ic_methods;
     ic->core.im = im;
diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrX.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrX.c
index edcaf0852..d85d1d114 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrX.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrX.c
@@ -496,9 +496,8 @@ _XimXConf(Xim im, char *address)
 {
     XSpecRec	*spec;
 
-    if (!(spec = (XSpecRec *)Xmalloc(sizeof(XSpecRec))))
+    if (!(spec = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XSpecRec))))
 	return False;
-    bzero(spec, sizeof(XSpecRec));
 
     spec->improtocolid = XInternAtom(im->core.display, _XIM_PROTOCOL, False);
     spec->imconnectid  = XInternAtom(im->core.display, _XIM_XCONNECT, False);
diff --git a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrans.c b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrans.c
index 7673279c6..0ac08aa60 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrans.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/im/ximcp/imTrans.c
@@ -1,316 +1,313 @@
-/*

- * Copyright 1992 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

- *

- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a

- * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),

- * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation

- * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,

- * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the

- * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

- *

- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next

- * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the

- * Software.

- *

- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL

- * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER

- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING

- * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER

- * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

- */

-/******************************************************************

-

-           Copyright 1992, 1993, 1994 by FUJITSU LIMITED

-

-Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software

-and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,

-provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and

-that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear

-in supporting documentation, and that the name of FUJITSU LIMITED

-not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution

-of the software without specific, written prior permission.

-FUJITSU LIMITED makes no representations about the suitability of

-this software for any purpose.

-It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.

-

-FUJITSU LIMITED DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,

-INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO

-EVENT SHALL FUJITSU LIMITED BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR

-CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF

-USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR

-OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR

-PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

-

-  Author: Hideki Hiura (hhiura@Sun.COM) Sun Microsystems, Inc.

-          Takashi Fujiwara     FUJITSU LIMITED

-                               fujiwara@a80.tech.yk.fujitsu.co.jp

-

-******************************************************************/

-

-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H

-#include <config.h>

-#endif

-#include <stdio.h>

-#include <X11/Xatom.h>

-#include <X11/Xmd.h>

-#include "Xlibint.h"

-#include <X11/Xtrans/Xtrans.h>

-#include "Xlcint.h"

-#include "Ximint.h"

-#include "XimTrans.h"

-#include "XimTrInt.h"

-

-#ifdef WIN32

-#include <X11/Xwindows.h>

-#endif

-

-

-#ifndef XIM_CONNECTION_RETRIES

-#define XIM_CONNECTION_RETRIES 5

-#endif

-

-

-Private Bool

-_XimTransConnect(

-    Xim			 im)

-{

-    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-    int			connect_stat, retry;

-    Window		window;

-

-    for (retry = XIM_CONNECTION_RETRIES; retry >= 0; retry--)

-    {

-	if ((spec->trans_conn = _XimXTransOpenCOTSClient (

-	    spec->address)) == NULL)

-	{

-	    break;

-	}

-

-	if ((connect_stat = _XimXTransConnect (

-	    spec->trans_conn, spec->address)) < 0)

-	{

-	    _XimXTransClose (spec->trans_conn);

-	    spec->trans_conn = NULL;

-

-	    if (connect_stat == TRANS_TRY_CONNECT_AGAIN)

-		continue;

-	    else

-		break;

-	}

-	else

-	    break;

-    }

-

-    if (spec->trans_conn == NULL)

-	return False;

-

-    spec->fd = _XimXTransGetConnectionNumber (spec->trans_conn);

-

-    if (!(window = XCreateSimpleWindow(im->core.display,

-		DefaultRootWindow(im->core.display), 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0)))

-	return False;

-    spec->window = window;

-

-    _XRegisterFilterByType(im->core.display, window, KeyPress, KeyPress,

-				_XimTransFilterWaitEvent, (XPointer)im);

-

-    return _XRegisterInternalConnection(im->core.display, spec->fd,

-			(_XInternalConnectionProc)_XimTransInternalConnection,

-			(XPointer)im);

-}

-

-

-Private Bool

-_XimTransShutdown(

-    Xim im)

-{

-    TransSpecRec *spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-

-    _XimXTransDisconnect(spec->trans_conn);

-    (void)_XimXTransClose(spec->trans_conn);

-    _XimFreeTransIntrCallback(im);

-    _XUnregisterInternalConnection(im->core.display, spec->fd);

-    _XUnregisterFilter(im->core.display, spec->window,

-				_XimTransFilterWaitEvent, (XPointer)im);

-    XDestroyWindow(im->core.display, spec->window);

-    Xfree(spec->address);

-    Xfree(spec);

-    return True;

-}

-

-

-

-Public Bool

-_XimTransRegisterDispatcher(

-    Xim				 im,

-    Bool			 (*callback)(

-					     Xim, INT16, XPointer, XPointer

-					     ),

-    XPointer			 call_data)

-{

-    TransSpecRec		*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-    TransIntrCallbackPtr	 rec;

-

-    if (!(rec = (TransIntrCallbackPtr)Xmalloc(sizeof(TransIntrCallbackRec))))

-        return False;

-

-    rec->func       = callback;

-    rec->call_data  = call_data;

-    rec->next       = spec->intr_cb;

-    spec->intr_cb   = rec;

-    return True;

-}

-

-

-Public void

-_XimFreeTransIntrCallback(

-    Xim				 im)

-{

-    TransSpecRec		*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-    register TransIntrCallbackPtr	 rec, next;

-

-    for (rec = spec->intr_cb; rec;) {

-	next = rec->next;

-	Xfree(rec);

-	rec = next;

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-

-Public Bool

-_XimTransCallDispatcher(Xim im, INT16 len, XPointer data)

-{

-    TransSpecRec		*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-    TransIntrCallbackRec	*rec;

-

-    for (rec = spec->intr_cb; rec; rec = rec->next) {

-	if ((*rec->func)(im, len, data, rec->call_data))

-	    return True;

-    }

-    return False;

-}

-

-

-Public Bool

-_XimTransFilterWaitEvent(

-    Display		*d,

-    Window		 w,

-    XEvent		*ev,

-    XPointer		 arg)

-{

-    Xim			 im = (Xim)arg;

-    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-

-    spec->is_putback  = False;

-    return _XimFilterWaitEvent(im);

-}

-

-

-Public void

-_XimTransInternalConnection(

-    Display		*d,

-    int			 fd,

-    XPointer		 arg)

-{

-    Xim			 im = (Xim)arg;

-    XEvent		 ev;

-    XKeyEvent		*kev;

-    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-

-    if (spec->is_putback)

-	return;

-    kev = (XKeyEvent *)&ev;

-    kev->type = KeyPress;

-    kev->send_event = False;

-    kev->display = im->core.display;

-    kev->window = spec->window;

-    kev->keycode = 0;

-    XPutBackEvent(im->core.display, &ev);

-    XFlush(im->core.display);

-    spec->is_putback = True;

-    return;

-}

-

-

-Public Bool

-_XimTransWrite(Xim im, INT16 len, XPointer data)

-{

-    TransSpecRec	*spec	= (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-    char		*buf = (char *)data;

-    register int	 nbyte;

-

-    while (len > 0) {

-	if ((nbyte = _XimXTransWrite(spec->trans_conn, buf, len)) <= 0)

-	    return False;

-	len -= nbyte;

-	buf += nbyte;

-    }

-    return True;

-}

-

-

-Public Bool

-_XimTransRead(

-    Xim			 im,

-    XPointer		 recv_buf,

-    int			 buf_len,

-    int			*ret_len)

-{

-    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;

-    int			 len;

-

-    if (buf_len == 0) {

-	*ret_len = 0;

-	return True;

-    }

-    if ((len = _XimXTransRead(spec->trans_conn, recv_buf, buf_len)) <= 0)

-	return False;

-    *ret_len = len;

-    return True;

-}

-

-

-Public void

-_XimTransFlush(

-    Xim		 im)

-{

-    return;

-}

-

-

-

-Public Bool

-_XimTransConf(

-    Xim		   	 im,

-    char	 	*address)

-{

-    char		*paddr;

-    TransSpecRec	*spec;

-

-    if (!(paddr = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(address) + 1)))

-	return False;

-

-    if (!(spec = (TransSpecRec *) Xmalloc(sizeof(TransSpecRec)))) {

-	Xfree(paddr);

-	return False;

-    }

-

-    bzero(spec, sizeof(TransSpecRec));

-

-    (void)strcpy(paddr, address);

-    spec->address   = paddr;

-

-    im->private.proto.spec     = (XPointer)spec;

-    im->private.proto.connect  = _XimTransConnect;

-    im->private.proto.shutdown = _XimTransShutdown;

-    im->private.proto.write    = _XimTransWrite;

-    im->private.proto.read     = _XimTransRead;

-    im->private.proto.flush    = _XimTransFlush;

-    im->private.proto.register_dispatcher = _XimTransRegisterDispatcher;

-    im->private.proto.call_dispatcher = _XimTransCallDispatcher;

-

-    return True;

-}

+/*
+ * Copyright 1992 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
+ * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
+ * Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+/******************************************************************
+
+           Copyright 1992, 1993, 1994 by FUJITSU LIMITED
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software
+and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
+provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
+that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
+in supporting documentation, and that the name of FUJITSU LIMITED
+not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution
+of the software without specific, written prior permission.
+FUJITSU LIMITED makes no representations about the suitability of
+this software for any purpose.
+It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
+
+FUJITSU LIMITED DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
+INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO
+EVENT SHALL FUJITSU LIMITED BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
+CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF
+USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR
+OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+  Author: Hideki Hiura (hhiura@Sun.COM) Sun Microsystems, Inc.
+          Takashi Fujiwara     FUJITSU LIMITED
+                               fujiwara@a80.tech.yk.fujitsu.co.jp
+
+******************************************************************/
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <X11/Xatom.h>
+#include <X11/Xmd.h>
+#include "Xlibint.h"
+#include <X11/Xtrans/Xtrans.h>
+#include "Xlcint.h"
+#include "Ximint.h"
+#include "XimTrans.h"
+#include "XimTrInt.h"
+
+#ifdef WIN32
+#include <X11/Xwindows.h>
+#endif
+
+
+#ifndef XIM_CONNECTION_RETRIES
+#define XIM_CONNECTION_RETRIES 5
+#endif
+
+
+Private Bool
+_XimTransConnect(
+    Xim			 im)
+{
+    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+    int			connect_stat, retry;
+    Window		window;
+
+    for (retry = XIM_CONNECTION_RETRIES; retry >= 0; retry--)
+    {
+	if ((spec->trans_conn = _XimXTransOpenCOTSClient (
+	    spec->address)) == NULL)
+	{
+	    break;
+	}
+
+	if ((connect_stat = _XimXTransConnect (
+	    spec->trans_conn, spec->address)) < 0)
+	{
+	    _XimXTransClose (spec->trans_conn);
+	    spec->trans_conn = NULL;
+
+	    if (connect_stat == TRANS_TRY_CONNECT_AGAIN)
+		continue;
+	    else
+		break;
+	}
+	else
+	    break;
+    }
+
+    if (spec->trans_conn == NULL)
+	return False;
+
+    spec->fd = _XimXTransGetConnectionNumber (spec->trans_conn);
+
+    if (!(window = XCreateSimpleWindow(im->core.display,
+		DefaultRootWindow(im->core.display), 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0)))
+	return False;
+    spec->window = window;
+
+    _XRegisterFilterByType(im->core.display, window, KeyPress, KeyPress,
+				_XimTransFilterWaitEvent, (XPointer)im);
+
+    return _XRegisterInternalConnection(im->core.display, spec->fd,
+			(_XInternalConnectionProc)_XimTransInternalConnection,
+			(XPointer)im);
+}
+
+
+Private Bool
+_XimTransShutdown(
+    Xim im)
+{
+    TransSpecRec *spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+
+    _XimXTransDisconnect(spec->trans_conn);
+    (void)_XimXTransClose(spec->trans_conn);
+    _XimFreeTransIntrCallback(im);
+    _XUnregisterInternalConnection(im->core.display, spec->fd);
+    _XUnregisterFilter(im->core.display, spec->window,
+				_XimTransFilterWaitEvent, (XPointer)im);
+    XDestroyWindow(im->core.display, spec->window);
+    Xfree(spec->address);
+    Xfree(spec);
+    return True;
+}
+
+
+
+Public Bool
+_XimTransRegisterDispatcher(
+    Xim				 im,
+    Bool			 (*callback)(
+					     Xim, INT16, XPointer, XPointer
+					     ),
+    XPointer			 call_data)
+{
+    TransSpecRec		*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+    TransIntrCallbackPtr	 rec;
+
+    if (!(rec = (TransIntrCallbackPtr)Xmalloc(sizeof(TransIntrCallbackRec))))
+        return False;
+
+    rec->func       = callback;
+    rec->call_data  = call_data;
+    rec->next       = spec->intr_cb;
+    spec->intr_cb   = rec;
+    return True;
+}
+
+
+Public void
+_XimFreeTransIntrCallback(
+    Xim				 im)
+{
+    TransSpecRec		*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+    register TransIntrCallbackPtr	 rec, next;
+
+    for (rec = spec->intr_cb; rec;) {
+	next = rec->next;
+	Xfree(rec);
+	rec = next;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+
+Public Bool
+_XimTransCallDispatcher(Xim im, INT16 len, XPointer data)
+{
+    TransSpecRec		*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+    TransIntrCallbackRec	*rec;
+
+    for (rec = spec->intr_cb; rec; rec = rec->next) {
+	if ((*rec->func)(im, len, data, rec->call_data))
+	    return True;
+    }
+    return False;
+}
+
+
+Public Bool
+_XimTransFilterWaitEvent(
+    Display		*d,
+    Window		 w,
+    XEvent		*ev,
+    XPointer		 arg)
+{
+    Xim			 im = (Xim)arg;
+    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+
+    spec->is_putback  = False;
+    return _XimFilterWaitEvent(im);
+}
+
+
+Public void
+_XimTransInternalConnection(
+    Display		*d,
+    int			 fd,
+    XPointer		 arg)
+{
+    Xim			 im = (Xim)arg;
+    XEvent		 ev;
+    XKeyEvent		*kev;
+    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+
+    if (spec->is_putback)
+	return;
+    kev = (XKeyEvent *)&ev;
+    kev->type = KeyPress;
+    kev->send_event = False;
+    kev->display = im->core.display;
+    kev->window = spec->window;
+    kev->keycode = 0;
+    XPutBackEvent(im->core.display, &ev);
+    XFlush(im->core.display);
+    spec->is_putback = True;
+    return;
+}
+
+
+Public Bool
+_XimTransWrite(Xim im, INT16 len, XPointer data)
+{
+    TransSpecRec	*spec	= (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+    char		*buf = (char *)data;
+    register int	 nbyte;
+
+    while (len > 0) {
+	if ((nbyte = _XimXTransWrite(spec->trans_conn, buf, len)) <= 0)
+	    return False;
+	len -= nbyte;
+	buf += nbyte;
+    }
+    return True;
+}
+
+
+Public Bool
+_XimTransRead(
+    Xim			 im,
+    XPointer		 recv_buf,
+    int			 buf_len,
+    int			*ret_len)
+{
+    TransSpecRec	*spec = (TransSpecRec *)im->private.proto.spec;
+    int			 len;
+
+    if (buf_len == 0) {
+	*ret_len = 0;
+	return True;
+    }
+    if ((len = _XimXTransRead(spec->trans_conn, recv_buf, buf_len)) <= 0)
+	return False;
+    *ret_len = len;
+    return True;
+}
+
+
+Public void
+_XimTransFlush(
+    Xim		 im)
+{
+    return;
+}
+
+
+
+Public Bool
+_XimTransConf(
+    Xim		   	 im,
+    char	 	*address)
+{
+    char		*paddr;
+    TransSpecRec	*spec;
+
+    if (!(paddr = strdup(address)))
+	return False;
+
+    if (!(spec = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(TransSpecRec)))) {
+	Xfree(paddr);
+	return False;
+    }
+
+    spec->address   = paddr;
+
+    im->private.proto.spec     = (XPointer)spec;
+    im->private.proto.connect  = _XimTransConnect;
+    im->private.proto.shutdown = _XimTransShutdown;
+    im->private.proto.write    = _XimTransWrite;
+    im->private.proto.read     = _XimTransRead;
+    im->private.proto.flush    = _XimTransFlush;
+    im->private.proto.register_dispatcher = _XimTransRegisterDispatcher;
+    im->private.proto.call_dispatcher = _XimTransCallDispatcher;
+
+    return True;
+}
diff --git a/libX11/modules/lc/gen/lcGenConv.c b/libX11/modules/lc/gen/lcGenConv.c
index baac73a39..7a113a78a 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/lc/gen/lcGenConv.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/lc/gen/lcGenConv.c
@@ -2660,10 +2660,9 @@ create_conv(
     *conv->methods = *methods;
     conv->methods->reset = init_state;
 
-    conv->state = (XPointer) Xmalloc(sizeof(StateRec));
+    conv->state = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(StateRec));
     if (conv->state == NULL)
 	goto err;
-    bzero((char *) conv->state, sizeof(StateRec));
 
     state = (State) conv->state;
     state->lcd = lcd;
diff --git a/libX11/modules/lc/xlocale/lcJis.c b/libX11/modules/lc/xlocale/lcJis.c
index 594e6363c..551862d9b 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/lc/xlocale/lcJis.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/lc/xlocale/lcJis.c
@@ -545,10 +545,9 @@ create_conv(
     if (XLC_PUBLIC(lcd, is_state_depend))
 	conv->methods->reset = init_state;
 
-    conv->state = (XPointer) Xmalloc(sizeof(StateRec));
+    conv->state = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(StateRec));
     if (conv->state == NULL)
 	goto err;
-    bzero((char *) conv->state, sizeof(StateRec));
 
     state = (State) conv->state;
     state->lcd = lcd;
diff --git a/libX11/modules/om/generic/omGeneric.c b/libX11/modules/om/generic/omGeneric.c
index 44143ac2e..7f02c8565 100644
--- a/libX11/modules/om/generic/omGeneric.c
+++ b/libX11/modules/om/generic/omGeneric.c
@@ -523,9 +523,7 @@ get_font_name(
     if (list == NULL)
 	return NULL;
 
-    name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(*list) + 1);
-    if (name)
-	strcpy(name, *list);
+    name = strdup(*list);
 
     XFreeFontNames(list);
 
@@ -549,10 +547,9 @@ get_rotate_fontname(
        || len > XLFD_MAX_LEN)
 	return NULL;
 
-    pattern = (char *)Xmalloc(len + 1);
+    pattern = strdup(font_name);
     if(!pattern)
 	return NULL;
-    strcpy(pattern, font_name);
 
     memset(fields, 0, sizeof(char *) * 14);
     ptr = pattern;
@@ -661,10 +658,8 @@ get_font_name_from_list(
     for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
         fname = list[i];
         if(is_match_charset(font_data, fname) == True) {
-             name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(fname) + 1);
-             if (name)
-	         strcpy(name, fname);
-             break;
+            name = strdup(fname);
+            break;
         }
     }
 
@@ -685,11 +680,10 @@ parse_all_name(
     if(is_match_charset(font_data, pattern) != True)
  	return False;
 
-    font_data->xlfd_name = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(pattern)+1);
+    font_data->xlfd_name = strdup(pattern);
     if(font_data->xlfd_name == NULL)
 	return (-1);
 
-    strcpy(font_data->xlfd_name, pattern);
     return True;
 #else  /* OLDCODE */
     Display *dpy = oc->core.om->core.display;
@@ -723,11 +717,10 @@ parse_all_name(
         }
     }
 
-    font_data->xlfd_name = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(pattern)+1);
+    font_data->xlfd_name = strdup(pattern);
     if(font_data->xlfd_name == NULL)
 	return (-1);
 
-    strcpy(font_data->xlfd_name, pattern);
     return True;
 #endif /* OLDCODE */
 }
@@ -946,12 +939,9 @@ parse_fontdata(
 		* -- jjw/pma (HP)
 		*/
 		if (font_data_return) {
-		    font_data_return->xlfd_name = (char *)Xmalloc
-			(strlen(font_data->xlfd_name) + 1);
+		    font_data_return->xlfd_name = strdup(font_data->xlfd_name);
 		    if (!font_data_return->xlfd_name) return -1;
 
-		    strcpy (font_data_return->xlfd_name, font_data->xlfd_name);
-
 		    font_data_return->side      = font_data->side;
 		}
 #ifdef FONTDEBUG
@@ -996,11 +986,9 @@ parse_fontdata(
 #ifdef FONTDEBUG
 		fprintf(stderr,"XLFD name: %s\n",font_data->xlfd_name);
 #endif
-		font_data_return->xlfd_name = (char *)Xmalloc
-			(strlen(font_data->xlfd_name) + 1);
+		font_data_return->xlfd_name = strdup(font_data->xlfd_name);
                 if (!font_data_return->xlfd_name) return -1;
 
-	        strcpy (font_data_return->xlfd_name, font_data->xlfd_name);
 	        font_data_return->side      = font_data->side;
 	    }
 
@@ -1192,11 +1180,10 @@ parse_fontname(
 		 * be matched. It returns the required information in
 		 * font_data_return.
 		 */
-		font_set->font_name = (char *)Xmalloc
-			(strlen(font_data_return.xlfd_name) + 1);
+		font_set->font_name = strdup(font_data_return.xlfd_name);
 		if(font_set->font_name == (char *) NULL)
 		    goto err;
-		strcpy(font_set->font_name, font_data_return.xlfd_name);
+
 		font_set->side = font_data_return.side;
 
                 Xfree (font_data_return.xlfd_name);
@@ -1223,11 +1210,10 @@ parse_fontname(
 			break;
 		    }
 		}
-		font_set->font_name = (char *)Xmalloc
-		    	(strlen(font_set->substitute[i].xlfd_name) + 1);
+		font_set->font_name = strdup(font_set->substitute[i].xlfd_name);
 		if(font_set->font_name == (char *) NULL)
 		    goto err;
-		strcpy(font_set->font_name,font_set->substitute[i].xlfd_name);
+
 		font_set->side = font_set->substitute[i].side;
 		if(parse_vw(oc, font_set, name_list, count) == -1)
 		    goto err;
@@ -1237,11 +1223,10 @@ parse_fontname(
 	}
     }
 
-    base_name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(oc->core.base_name_list) + 1);
+    base_name = strdup(oc->core.base_name_list);
     if (base_name == NULL)
 	goto err;
 
-    strcpy(base_name, oc->core.base_name_list);
     oc->core.base_name_list = base_name;
 
     XFreeStringList(name_list);
@@ -1654,10 +1639,9 @@ create_oc(
     XOCMethodsList methods_list = oc_methods_list;
     int count;
 
-    oc = (XOC) Xmalloc(sizeof(XOCGenericRec));
+    oc = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XOCGenericRec));
     if (oc == NULL)
 	return (XOC) NULL;
-    bzero((char *) oc, sizeof(XOCGenericRec));
 
     oc->core.om = om;
 
@@ -1842,26 +1826,23 @@ create_om(
 {
     XOM om;
 
-    om = (XOM) Xmalloc(sizeof(XOMGenericRec));
+    om = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XOMGenericRec));
     if (om == NULL)
 	return (XOM) NULL;
-    bzero((char *) om, sizeof(XOMGenericRec));
 
     om->methods = &methods;
     om->core.lcd = lcd;
     om->core.display = dpy;
     om->core.rdb = rdb;
     if (res_name) {
-	om->core.res_name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(res_name) + 1);
+	om->core.res_name = strdup(res_name);
 	if (om->core.res_name == NULL)
 	    goto err;
-	strcpy(om->core.res_name, res_name);
     }
     if (res_class) {
-	om->core.res_class = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(res_class) + 1);
+	om->core.res_class = strdup(res_class);
 	if (om->core.res_class == NULL)
 	    goto err;
-	strcpy(om->core.res_class, res_class);
     }
 
     if (om_resources[0].xrm_name == NULLQUARK)
@@ -1913,10 +1894,9 @@ read_EncodingInfo(
     FontData font_data,ret;
     char *buf, *bufptr,*scp;
     int len;
-    font_data = (FontData) Xmalloc(sizeof(FontDataRec) * count);
+    font_data = Xcalloc(count, sizeof(FontDataRec));
     if (font_data == NULL)
         return NULL;
-    bzero((char *) font_data, sizeof(FontDataRec) * count);
 
     ret = font_data;
     for ( ; count-- > 0; font_data++) {
@@ -2017,10 +1997,9 @@ init_om(
 
     _XlcGetResource(lcd, "XLC_FONTSET", "object_name", &value, &count);
     if (count > 0) {
-	gen->object_name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(*value) + 1);
+	gen->object_name = strdup(*value);
 	if (gen->object_name == NULL)
 	    return False;
-	strcpy(gen->object_name, *value);
     }
 
     for (num = 0; ; num++) {
diff --git a/libX11/specs/libX11/CH02.xml b/libX11/specs/libX11/CH02.xml
index a00b7c283..f4ef1bcd8 100644
--- a/libX11/specs/libX11/CH02.xml
+++ b/libX11/specs/libX11/CH02.xml
@@ -1,3494 +1,3489 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

-<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"

-	  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd">

-<chapter id="display_functions">

-<title>Display Functions</title>

-<para>

-Before your program can use a display, you must establish a connection

-to the X server.

-Once you have established a connection,

-you then can use the Xlib macros and functions discussed in this chapter

-to return information about the display.

-This chapter discusses how to:

-</para>

-<itemizedlist>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Open (connect to) the display

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Obtain information about the display, image formats, or screens

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Generate a

-<systemitem>NoOperation</systemitem>

-protocol request

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Free client-created data

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Close (disconnect from) a display

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Use X Server connection close operations

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Use Xlib with threads

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Use internal connections

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-</itemizedlist>

-<sect1 id="Opening_the_Display">

-<title>Opening the Display</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Opening the Display -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-To open a connection to the X server that controls a display, use

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XOpenDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-AllPlanes()

-</para>

-<para>

-XAllPlanes

-</para>

-

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display_name</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the hardware display name, which determines the display

-and communications domain to be used.

-On a <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant system, if the display_name is NULL, 

-it defaults to the value of the DISPLAY environment variable. 

-<indexterm><primary>Environment</primary><secondary>DISPLAY</secondary></indexterm>

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The encoding and interpretation of the display name are

-implementation-dependent.

-Strings in the Host Portable Character Encoding are supported;

-support for other characters is implementation-dependent.

-On <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant systems,

-the display name or DISPLAY environment variable can be a string in the format:

-</para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-<literallayout class="monospaced">

-<!-- .TA 1i -->

-<!-- .ta 1i -->

-	<emphasis remap='I'>protocol</emphasis>/<emphasis remap='I'>hostname</emphasis>:<emphasis remap='I'>number</emphasis>.<emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-</literallayout>

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>protocol</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies a protocol family or an alias for a protocol family.  Supported 

-protocol families are implementation dependent.  The protocol entry is 

-optional.  If protocol is not specified, the / separating protocol and 

-hostname must also not be specified.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>hostname</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the name of the host machine on which the display is physically

-attached.

-You follow the hostname with either a single colon (:) or a double colon (::).

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the number of the display server on that host machine.

-You may optionally follow this display number with a period (.).

-A single <acronym>CPU</acronym> can have more than one display.

-Multiple displays are usually numbered starting with zero.

-<indexterm><primary>Screen</primary></indexterm>

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the screen to be used on that server.

-Multiple screens can be controlled by a single X server.

-The screen_number sets an internal variable that can be accessed by

-using the 

-<function>DefaultScreen</function>

-macro or the 

-<function>XDefaultScreen</function>

-function if you are using languages other than C (see section 2.2.1).

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-For example, the following would specify screen 1 of display 0 on the 

-machine named ``dual-headed'':

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<literallayout class="monospaced">

-dual-headed:0.1

-</literallayout>

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-The

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-function returns a 

-<type>Display</type>

-structure that serves as the

-connection to the X server and that contains all the information

-about that X server.

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-connects your application to the X server through <acronym>TCP</acronym>

-or DECnet communications protocols,

-or through some local inter-process communication protocol.

-<indexterm><primary>Protocol</primary><secondary><acronym>TCP</acronym></secondary></indexterm>

-<indexterm><primary>Protocol</primary><secondary>DECnet</secondary></indexterm>

-If the protocol is specified as "tcp", "inet", or "inet6", or

-if no protocol is specified and the hostname is a host machine name and a single colon (:)

-separates the hostname and display number,

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-connects using <acronym>TCP</acronym> streams.  (If the protocol is specified as "inet", <acronym>TCP</acronym> over

-IPv4 is used.  If the protocol is specified as "inet6", <acronym>TCP</acronym> over IPv6 is used.

-Otherwise, the implementation determines which <acronym>IP</acronym> version is used.)

-If the hostname and protocol are both not specified,

-Xlib uses whatever it believes is the fastest transport.

-If the hostname is a host machine name and a double colon (::)

-separates the hostname and display number,

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-connects using DECnet.

-A single X server can support any or all of these transport mechanisms

-simultaneously.

-A particular Xlib implementation can support many more of these transport

-mechanisms.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<indexterm><primary>Display</primary></indexterm>

-If successful, 

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-returns a pointer to a 

-<type>Display</type>

-structure,

-which is defined in 

-<filename class="headerfile">&lt;X11/Xlib.h&gt;</filename>.

-<indexterm type="file"><primary><filename class="headerfile">X11/Xlib.h</filename></primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm><primary>Files</primary><secondary><filename class="headerfile">&lt;X11/Xlib.h&gt;</filename></secondary></indexterm>

-<indexterm><primary>Headers</primary><secondary><filename class="headerfile">&lt;X11/Xlib.h&gt;</filename></secondary></indexterm>

-If 

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-does not succeed, it returns NULL.

-After a successful call to

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>,

-all of the screens in the display can be used by the client.

-The screen number specified in the display_name argument is returned 

-by the 

-<function>DefaultScreen</function>

-macro (or the

-<function>XDefaultScreen</function>

-function).

-You can access elements of the

-<type>Display</type>

-and

-<type>Screen</type>

-structures only by using the information macros or functions.

-For information about using macros and functions to obtain information from 

-the

-<type>Display</type>

-structure,

-see section 2.2.1.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-X servers may implement various types of access control mechanisms

-(see section 9.8).

-</para>

-</sect1>

-<sect1 id="Obtaining_Information_about_the_Display_Image_Formats_or_Screens">

-<title>Obtaining Information about the Display, Image Formats, or Screens</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Obtaining Information about the Display, Image Formats, or Screens -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-The Xlib library provides a number of useful macros 

-and corresponding functions that return data from the 

-<type>Display</type>

-structure.

-The macros are used for C programming, 

-and their corresponding function equivalents are for other language bindings.

-This section discusses the:

-</para>

-<itemizedlist>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Display macros

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Image format functions and macros

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-Screen information macros

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-</itemizedlist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<indexterm ><primary>Display</primary><secondary>data structure</secondary></indexterm>

-All other members of the 

-<type>Display</type>

-structure (that is, those for which no macros are defined) are private to Xlib 

-and must not be used.

-Applications must never directly modify or inspect these private members of the 

-<type>Display</type>

-structure.

-<!-- .NT Note -->

-The

-<function>XDisplayWidth</function>,

-<function>XDisplayHeight</function>,

-<function>XDisplayCells</function>,

-<function>XDisplayPlanes</function>,

-<function>XDisplayWidthMM</function>,

-and

-<function>XDisplayHeightMM</function>

-functions in the next sections are misnamed.

-These functions really should be named Screen<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis> 

-and XScreen<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis>, not Display<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis> or XDisplay<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis>.

-Our apologies for the resulting confusion.

-<!-- .NE -->

-</para>

-<sect2 id="Display_Macros_">

-<title>Display Macros </title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Display Macros -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-Applications should not directly modify any part of the

-<type>Display</type>

-and

-<type>Screen</type>

-structures.

-The members should be considered read-only,

-although they may change as the result of other operations on the display.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP  -->

-The following lists the C language macros,

-their corresponding function equivalents that are for other language bindings,

-and what data both can return.

-</para>

-<para>AllPlanes()</para>

-<para>XAllPlanes()</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>AllPlanes</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XAllPlanes</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a value with all bits set to 1 suitable for use in a plane argument to

-a procedure.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-Both 

-<function>BlackPixel</function>

-and 

-<function>WhitePixel</function>

-can be used in implementing a monochrome application.

-These pixel values are for permanently allocated entries in the default

-colormap.

-The actual <acronym>RGB</acronym> (red, green, and blue) values are settable on some screens 

-and, in any case, may not actually be black or white.

-The names are intended to convey the expected relative intensity of the colors.

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-BlackPixel(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XBlackPixel</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BlackPixel</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBlackPixel</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the black pixel value for the specified screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-WhitePixel(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XWhitePixel</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WhitePixel</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWhitePixel</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the white pixel value for the specified screen. 

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ConnectionNumber(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XConnectionNumber</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ConnectionNumber</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XConnectionNumber</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a connection number for the specified display.

-On a <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant system,

-this is the file descriptor of the connection.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultColormap(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Colormap <function>XDefaultColormap</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultColormap</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultColormap</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the default colormap ID for allocation on the specified screen.

-Most routine allocations of color should be made out of this colormap.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultDepth(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDefaultDepth</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultDepth</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultDepth</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the depth (number of planes) of the default root window for the

-specified screen.

-Other depths may also be supported on this screen (see

-<function>XMatchVisualInfo</function>).

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XListDepths</primary></indexterm>

-To determine the number of depths that are available on a given screen, use

-<function>XListDepths</function>.

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultGC(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>GC <function>XDefaultGC</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> *count_return</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-<!-- .ds Cn depths -->

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>count_return</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Returns the number of (Cn.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XListDepths</function>

-function returns the array of depths 

-that are available on the specified screen.

-If the specified screen_number is valid and sufficient memory for the array

-can be allocated,

-<function>XListDepths</function>

-sets count_return to the number of available depths.

-Otherwise, it does not set count_return and returns NULL.

-To release the memory allocated for the array of depths, use

-<function>XFree</function>.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultGC(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>GC <function>XDefaultGC</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultGC</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultGC</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the default graphics context for the root window of the 

-specified screen.

-This GC is created for the convenience of simple applications

-and contains the default GC components with the foreground and

-background pixel values initialized to the black and white

-pixels for the screen, respectively.

-You can modify its contents freely because it is not used in any Xlib

-function.

-This GC should never be freed.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultRootWindow(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Window <function>XDefaultRootWindow</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultRootWindow</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultRootWindow</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the root window for the default screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultScreenOfDisplay(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Screen *<function>XDefaultScreenOfDisplay</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a pointer to the default screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ScreenOfDisplay(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Screen *<function>XScreenOfDisplay</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a pointer to the indicated screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDefaultScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the default screen number referenced by the 

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-function. 

-This macro or function should be used to retrieve the screen number 

-in applications that will use only a single screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultVisual(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Visual *<function>XDefaultVisual</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultVisual</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultVisual</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the default visual type for the specified screen.

-For further information about visual types,

-see section 3.1.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayCells(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayCells</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayCells</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayCells</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the number of entries in the default colormap.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayPlanes(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayPlanes</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayPlanes</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayPlanes</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the depth of the root window of the specified screen.

-For an explanation of depth,

-see the glossary.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayString(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>char *<function>XDisplayString</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayString</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayString</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the string that was passed to 

-<function>XOpenDisplay</function>

-when the current display was opened. 

-On <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant systems,

-if the passed string was NULL, these return the value of

-the DISPLAY environment variable when the current display was opened.

-<indexterm><primary><acronym>POSIX</acronym> System Call</primary><secondary>fork</secondary></indexterm>

-These are useful to applications that invoke the 

-<function>fork</function>

-system call and want to open a new connection to the same display from the 

-child process as well as for printing error messages.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-LastKnownRequestProcessed(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XExtendedMaxRequestSize</primary></indexterm>

-The

-<function>XExtendedMaxRequestSize</function>

-function returns zero if the specified display does not support an

-extended-length protocol encoding; otherwise,

-it returns the maximum request size (in 4-byte units) supported

-by the server using the extended-length encoding.

-The Xlib functions

-<function>XDrawLines</function>,

-<function>XDrawArcs</function>,

-<function>XFillPolygon</function>,

-<function>XChangeProperty</function>,

-<function>XSetClipRectangles</function>,

-and

-<function>XSetRegion</function>

-will use the extended-length encoding as necessary, if supported

-by the server.  Use of the extended-length encoding in other Xlib

-functions (for example,

-<function>XDrawPoints</function>,

-<function>XDrawRectangles</function>,

-<function>XDrawSegments</function>,

-<function>XFillArcs</function>,

-<function>XFillRectangles</function>,

-<function>XPutImage</function>)

-is permitted but not required; an Xlib implementation may choose to

-split the data across multiple smaller requests instead.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-LastKnownRequestProcessed(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XMaxRequestSize</primary></indexterm>

-The

-<function>XMaxRequestSize</function>

-function returns the maximum request size (in 4-byte units) supported

-by the server without using an extended-length protocol encoding.

-Single protocol requests to the server can be no larger than this size

-unless an extended-length protocol encoding is supported by the server.

-The protocol guarantees the size to be no smaller than 4096 units

-(16384 bytes).

-Xlib automatically breaks data up into multiple protocol requests

-as necessary for the following functions:

-<function>XDrawPoints</function>,

-<function>XDrawRectangles</function>,

-<function>XDrawSegments</function>,

-<function>XFillArcs</function>,

-<function>XFillRectangles</function>,

-and 

-<function>XPutImage</function>.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-LastKnownRequestProcessed(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>LastKnownRequestProcessed</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</primary></indexterm>

-Both extract the full serial number of the last request known by Xlib

-to have been processed by the X server.

-Xlib automatically sets this number when replies, events, and errors

-are received.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-NextRequest(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XNextRequest</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>NextRequest</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XNextRequest</primary></indexterm>

-Both extract the full serial number that is to be used for the next

-request.

-Serial numbers are maintained separately for each display connection.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ProtocolVersion(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XProtocolVersion</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ProtocolVersion</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XProtocolVersion</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the major version number (11) of the X protocol associated with 

-the connected display.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ProtocolRevision(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XProtocolRevision</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ProtocolRevision</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XProtocolRevision</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the minor protocol revision number of the X server.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-QLength(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XQLength</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>QLength</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XQLength</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the length of the event queue for the connected display.

-Note that there may be more events that have not been read into

-the queue yet (see

-<function>XEventsQueued</function>).

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-RootWindow(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Window <function>XRootWindow</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm><primary>Window</primary><secondary>RootWindow</secondary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>RootWindow</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm><primary>Window</primary><secondary>XRootWindow</secondary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XRootWindow</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the root window.

-These are useful with functions that need a drawable of a particular screen

-and for creating top-level windows.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ScreenCount(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XScreenCount</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ScreenCount</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XScreenCount</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the number of available screens.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ServerVendor(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>char *<function>XServerVendor</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ServerVendor</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XServerVendor</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a pointer to a null-terminated string that provides

-some identification of the owner of the X server implementation.

-If the data returned by the server is in the Latin Portable Character Encoding,

-then the string is in the Host Portable Character Encoding.

-Otherwise, the contents of the string are implementation-dependent.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-VendorRelease(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XVendorRelease</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>VendorRelease</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XVendorRelease</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a number related to a vendor's release of the X server.

-</para>

-</sect2>

-<sect2 id="Image_Format_Functions_and_Macros">

-<title>Image Format Functions and Macros</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Image Format Functions and Macros -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-Applications are required to present data to the X server

-in a format that the server demands.

-To help simplify applications,

-most of the work required to convert the data is provided by Xlib

-(see sections 8.7 and 16.8).

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-The

-<structname>XPixmapFormatValues</structname>

-structure provides an interface to the pixmap format information

-that is returned at the time of a connection setup.

-It contains:

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-<literallayout class="monospaced">

-<!-- .TA .5i 3i -->

-<!-- .ta .5i 3i -->

-typedef struct {

-	int depth;

-	int bits_per_pixel;

-	int scanline_pad;

-} XPixmapFormatValues;

-</literallayout>

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-To obtain the pixmap format information for a given display, use

-<function>XListPixmapFormats</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XListPixmapFormats</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ImageByteOrder(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XImageByteOrder</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> *count_return</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-<!-- .ds Cn pixmap formats that are supported by the display -->

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>count_return</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Returns the number of (Cn.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XListPixmapFormats</function>

-function returns an array of

-<structname>XPixmapFormatValues</structname>

-structures that describe the types of Z format images supported

-by the specified display.

-If insufficient memory is available,

-<function>XListPixmapFormats</function>

-returns NULL.

-To free the allocated storage for the

-<structname>XPixmapFormatValues</structname>

-structures, use

-<function>XFree</function>.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP  -->

-The following lists the C language macros,

-their corresponding function equivalents that are for other language bindings,

-and what data they both return for the specified server and screen.

-These are often used by toolkits as well as by simple applications.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-ImageByteOrder(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XImageByteOrder</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ImageByteOrder</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XImageByteOrder</primary></indexterm>

-Both specify the required byte order for images for each scanline unit in 

-XY format (bitmap) or for each pixel value in 

-Z format.

-The macro or function can return either

-<symbol>LSBFirst</symbol>

-or 

-<symbol>MSBFirst</symbol>.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-BitmapUnit(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XBitmapUnit</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BitmapUnit</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBitmapUnit</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the size of a bitmap's scanline unit in bits.

-The scanline is calculated in multiples of this value.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-BitmapBitOrder(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XBitmapBitOrder</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BitmapBitOrder</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBitmapBitOrder</primary></indexterm>

-Within each bitmap unit, the left-most bit in the bitmap as displayed

-on the screen is either the least significant or most significant bit in the

-unit.

-This macro or function can return 

-<symbol>LSBFirst</symbol>

-or 

-<symbol>MSBFirst</symbol>.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-BitmapPad(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XBitmapPad</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BitmapPad</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBitmapPad</primary></indexterm>

-Each scanline must be padded to a multiple of bits returned

-by this macro or function.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayHeight(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayHeight</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayHeight</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayHeight</primary></indexterm>

-Both return an integer that describes the height of the screen

-in pixels.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayHeightMM(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayHeightMM</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayHeightMM</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayHeightMM</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the height of the specified screen in millimeters.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayWidth(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayWidth</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayWidth</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayWidth</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the width of the screen in pixels.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayWidthMM(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayWidthMM</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayWidthMM</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayWidthMM</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the width of the specified screen in millimeters.

-</para>

-</sect2>

-<sect2 id="Screen_Information_Macros">

-<title>Screen Information Macros</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Screen Information Macros -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-The following lists the C language macros,

-their corresponding function equivalents that are for other language bindings,

-and what data they both can return.

-These macros or functions all take a pointer to the appropriate screen

-structure.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-BlackPixelOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XBlackPixelOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BlackPixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBlackPixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the black pixel value of the specified screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-WhitePixelOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XWhitePixelOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WhitePixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWhitePixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the white pixel value of the specified screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-CellsOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XCellsOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>CellsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XCellsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the number of colormap cells in the default colormap 

-of the specified screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultColormapOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Colormap <function>XDefaultColormapOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultColormapOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultColormapOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the default colormap of the specified screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultDepthOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDefaultDepthOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultDepthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultDepthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the depth of the root window.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultGCOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>GC <function>XDefaultGCOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultGCOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultGCOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a default graphics context (GC) of the specified screen,

-which has the same depth as the root window of the screen.

-The GC must never be freed.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DefaultVisualOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Visual *<function>XDefaultVisualOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultVisualOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultVisualOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the default visual of the specified screen.

-For information on visual types,

-see section 3.1.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DoesBackingStore(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XDoesBackingStore</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DoesBackingStore</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDoesBackingStore</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a value indicating whether the screen supports backing

-stores.

-The value returned can be one of 

-<symbol>WhenMapped</symbol>,

-<symbol>NotUseful</symbol>,

-or

-<symbol>Always</symbol>

-(see section 3.2.4).

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DoesSaveUnders(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Bool <function>XDoesSaveUnders</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DoesSaveUnders</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDoesSaveUnders</primary></indexterm>

-Both return a Boolean value indicating whether the

-screen supports save unders.

-If

-<symbol>True</symbol>,

-the screen supports save unders.

-If

-<symbol>False</symbol>,

-the screen does not support save unders (see section 3.2.5).

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-DisplayOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Display *<function>XDisplayOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the display of the specified screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XScreenNumberOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-</para>

-<para>

-EventMaskOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>long <function>XEventMaskOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XScreenNumberOfScreen</function>

-function returns the screen index number of the specified screen.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-EventMaskOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>long <function>XEventMaskOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>EventMaskOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XEventMaskOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the event mask of the root window for the specified screen

-at connection setup time.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-WidthOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XWidthOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WidthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWidthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the width of the specified screen in pixels.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-HeightOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XHeightOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>HeightOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XHeightOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the height of the specified screen in pixels.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-WidthMMOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XWidthMMOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WidthMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWidthMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the width of the specified screen in millimeters.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-HeightMMOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XHeightMMOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>HeightMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XHeightMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the height of the specified screen in millimeters.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-MaxCmapsOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XMaxCmapsOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>MaxCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XMaxCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the maximum number of installed colormaps supported 

-by the specified screen (see section 9.3).

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-MinCmapsOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XMinCmapsOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>MinCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XMinCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the minimum number of installed colormaps supported 

-by the specified screen (see section 9.3).

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-PlanesOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>int <function>XPlanesOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>PlanesOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XPlanesOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the depth of the root window.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-RootWindowOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Window <function>XRootWindowOfScreen</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the appropriate 

-<type>Screen</type>

-structure.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>RootWindowOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XRootWindowOfScreen</primary></indexterm>

-Both return the root window of the specified screen.

-</para>

-</sect2>

-</sect1>

-<sect1 id="Generating_a_NoOperation_Protocol_Request">

-<title>Generating a NoOperation Protocol Request</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Generating a NoOperation Protocol Request -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-To execute a 

-<systemitem>NoOperation</systemitem>

-protocol request, use

-<function>XNoOp</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XNoOp</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef><function>XNoOp</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term><emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis></term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>Specifies the connection to the X server.</para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XNoOp</function>

-function sends a 

-<systemitem>NoOperation</systemitem>

-protocol request to the X server,

-thereby exercising the connection.

-</para>

-</sect1>

-<sect1 id="Freeing_Client_Created_Data">

-<title>Freeing Client-Created Data</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Freeing Client-Created Data -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-To free in-memory data that was created by an Xlib function, use

-<function>XFree</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XFree</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>XFree</funcdef>

-  <paramdef>void<parameter> *data</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>data</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the data that is to be freed.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XFree</function>

-function is a general-purpose Xlib routine that frees the specified data.

-You must use it to free any objects that were allocated by Xlib,

-unless an alternate function is explicitly specified for the object.

-A NULL pointer cannot be passed to this function.

-</para>

-</sect1>

-<sect1 id="Closing_the_Display">

-<title>Closing the Display</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Closing the Display -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-To close a display or disconnect from the X server, use

-<function>XCloseDisplay</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XCloseDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>XCloseDisplay</funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XCloseDisplay</function>

-function closes the connection to the X server for the display specified in the

-<type>Display</type>

-structure and destroys all windows, resource IDs

-(<type>Window</type>,

-<type>Font</type>,

-<type>Pixmap</type>,

-<type>Colormap</type>,

-<type>Cursor</type>,

-and

-<type>GContext</type>),

-or other resources that the client has created

-on this display, unless the close-down mode of the resource has been changed

-(see

-<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>).

-Therefore, these windows, resource IDs, and other resources should never be 

-referenced again or an error will be generated.

-Before exiting, you should call

-<function>XCloseDisplay</function>

-explicitly so that any pending errors are reported as

-<function>XCloseDisplay</function>

-performs a final

-<function>XSync</function>

-operation.

-<indexterm><primary>Resource IDs</primary></indexterm>

-<indexterm><primary>XCloseDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<function>XCloseDisplay</function>

-can generate a

-<errorname>BadGC</errorname>

-error.

-<!-- .sp -->

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-Xlib provides a function to permit the resources owned by a client

-to survive after the client's connection is closed.

-To change a client's close-down mode, use

-<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XSetCloseDownMode</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>XSetCloseDownMode</funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> close_mode</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>close_mode</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the client close-down mode.

-You can pass 

-<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>,

-<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>,

-or

-<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>

-defines what will happen to the client's resources at connection close.

-A connection starts in

-<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>

-mode.

-For information on what happens to the client's resources when the

-close_mode argument is

-<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>

-or

-<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>,

-see section 2.6.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>

-can generate a

-<errorname>BadValue</errorname>

-error.

-</para>

-</sect1>

-<sect1 id="Using_X_Server_Connection_Close_Operations_">

-<title>Using X Server Connection Close Operations </title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Using X Server Connection Close Operations -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-When the X server's connection to a client is closed

-either by an explicit call to

-<function>XCloseDisplay</function>

-or by a process that exits, the X server performs the following

-automatic operations:

-</para>

-<itemizedlist>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It disowns all selections owned by the client

-(see 

-<function>XSetSelectionOwner</function>).

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It performs an

-<function>XUngrabPointer</function>

-and

-<function>XUngrabKeyboard</function>

-if the client has actively grabbed the pointer 

-or the keyboard.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It performs an

-<function>XUngrabServer</function>

-if the client has grabbed the server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It releases all passive grabs made by the client.  

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It marks all resources (including colormap entries) allocated 

-by the client either as permanent or temporary, 

-depending on whether the close-down mode is 

-<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>

-or

-<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>.

-However, this does not prevent other client applications from explicitly

-destroying the resources (see 

-<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>).

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-</itemizedlist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-When the close-down mode is

-<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>,

-the X server destroys all of a client's resources as follows:

-</para>

-<itemizedlist>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It examines each window in the client's save-set to determine if it is an inferior

-(subwindow) of a window created by the client.

-(The save-set is a list of other clients' windows

-that are referred to as save-set windows.)

-If so, the X server reparents the save-set window to the closest ancestor so

-that the save-set window is not an inferior of a window created by the client.

-The reparenting leaves unchanged the absolute coordinates (with respect to

-the root window) of the upper-left outer corner of the save-set

-window.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It performs a

-<systemitem>MapWindow</systemitem>

-request on the save-set window if the save-set window is unmapped.

-The X server does this even if the save-set window was not an inferior of 

-a window created by the client.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It destroys all windows created by the client.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It performs the appropriate free request on each nonwindow resource created by

-the client in the server (for example, 

-<type>Font</type>,

-<type>Pixmap</type>,

-<type>Cursor</type>,

-<type>Colormap</type>,

-and 

-<type>GContext</type>).

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It frees all colors and colormap entries allocated by a client application.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-</itemizedlist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-Additional processing occurs when the last connection to the X server closes.

-An X server goes through a cycle of having no connections and having some

-connections.

-When the last connection to the X server closes as a result of a connection

-closing with the close_mode of

-<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>,

-the X server does the following: 

-</para>

-<itemizedlist>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It resets its state as if it had just been

-started.  

-The X server begins by destroying all lingering resources from

-clients that have terminated in 

-<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>

-or

-<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>

-mode.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It deletes all but the predefined atom identifiers.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It deletes all properties on all root windows (see section 4.3).

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It resets all device maps and attributes 

-(for example, key click, bell volume, and acceleration) 

-as well as the access control list.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It restores the standard root tiles and cursors.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It restores the default font path.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  <listitem>

-    <para>

-It restores the input focus to state

-<symbol>PointerRoot</symbol>.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-</itemizedlist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-However, the X server does not reset if you close a connection with a close-down

-mode set to

-<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>

-or

-<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>.

-</para>

-</sect1>

-<sect1 id="Using_Xlib_with_Threads">

-<title>Using Xlib with Threads</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Using Xlib with Threads -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-On systems that have threads, support may be provided to permit

-multiple threads to use Xlib concurrently.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-To initialize support for concurrent threads, use

-<function>XInitThreads</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XInitThreads</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>Status XInitThreads();</para>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XInitThreads</function>

-function initializes Xlib support for concurrent threads.

-This function must be the first Xlib function a

-multi-threaded program calls, and it must complete

-before any other Xlib call is made.

-This function returns a nonzero status if initialization was

-successful; otherwise, it returns zero.

-On systems that do not support threads, this function always returns zero.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-It is only necessary to call this function if multiple threads

-might use Xlib concurrently.  If all calls to Xlib functions

-are protected by some other access mechanism (for example,

-a mutual exclusion lock in a toolkit or through explicit client

-programming), Xlib thread initialization is not required.

-It is recommended that single-threaded programs not call this function.

-

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-To lock a display across several Xlib calls, use

-<function>XLockDisplay</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XLockDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>XLockDisplay</funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XLockDisplay</function>

-function locks out all other threads from using the specified display.

-Other threads attempting to use the display will block until

-the display is unlocked by this thread.

-Nested calls to

-<function>XLockDisplay</function>

-work correctly; the display will not actually be unlocked until

-<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>

-has been called the same number of times as

-<function>XLockDisplay</function>.

-This function has no effect unless Xlib was successfully initialized

-for threads using

-<function>XInitThreads</function>.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-To unlock a display, use

-<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XUnlockDisplay</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>XUnlockDisplay</funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>

-function allows other threads to use the specified display again.

-Any threads that have blocked on the display are allowed to continue.

-Nested locking works correctly; if

-<function>XLockDisplay</function>

-has been called multiple times by a thread, then

-<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>

-must be called an equal number of times before the display is

-actually unlocked.

-This function has no effect unless Xlib was successfully initialized

-for threads using

-<function>XInitThreads</function>.

-</para>

-</sect1>

-<sect1 id="Using_Internal_Connections">

-<title>Using Internal Connections</title>

-<!-- .XS -->

-<!-- (SN Using Internal Connections -->

-<!-- .XE -->

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-In addition to the connection to the X server, an Xlib implementation

-may require connections to other kinds of servers (for example, to

-input method servers as described in chapter 13).  Toolkits and clients

-that use multiple displays, or that use displays in combination with

-other inputs, need to obtain these additional connections to correctly

-block until input is available and need to process that input

-when it is available.  Simple clients that use a single display and

-block for input in an Xlib event function do not need to use these

-facilities.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-To track internal connections for a display, use

-<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>.

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>type void XConnectionWatchProc</funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> client_data</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> fd</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>Bool<parameter> opening</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> *watch_data</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Status XAddConnectionWatch</funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>XWatchProc<parameter> procedure</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> client_data</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>procedure</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the procedure to be called.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>client_data</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the additional client data.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>

-function registers a procedure to be called each time Xlib opens or closes an

-internal connection for the specified display.  The procedure is passed the

-display, the specified client_data, the file descriptor for the connection,

-a Boolean indicating whether the connection is being opened or closed, and a

-pointer to a location for private watch data.  If opening is

-<symbol>True</symbol>,

-the procedure can store a pointer to private data in the location pointed

-to by watch_data;

-when the procedure is later called for this same connection and opening is

-<symbol>False</symbol>,

-the location pointed to by watch_data will hold this same private data pointer.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-This function can be called at any time after a display is opened.

-If internal connections already exist, the registered procedure will

-immediately be called for each of them, before

-<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>

-returns.

-<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>

-returns a nonzero status if the procedure is successfully registered;

-otherwise, it returns zero.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-The registered procedure should not call any Xlib functions.

-If the procedure directly or indirectly causes the state of internal

-connections or watch procedures to change, the result is not defined.

-If Xlib has been initialized for threads, the procedure is called with

-the display locked and the result of a call by the procedure to any

-Xlib function that locks the display is not defined unless the executing

-thread has externally locked the display using

-<function>XLockDisplay</function>.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-To stop tracking internal connections for a display, use

-<function>XRemoveConnectionWatch</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XRemoveConnectionWatch</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-()

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Status <function>XRemoveConnectionWatch</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>XWatchProc<parameter> procedure</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> client_data</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>procedure</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the procedure to be called.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>client_data</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the additional client data.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XRemoveConnectionWatch</function>

-function removes a previously registered connection watch procedure.

-The client_data must match the client_data used when the procedure

-was initially registered.

-

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-To process input on an internal connection, use

-<function>XProcessInternalConnection</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XProcessInternalConnection</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-()

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>void <function>XProcessInternalConnection</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int<parameter> fd</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>fd</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the file descriptor.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XProcessInternalConnection</function>

-function processes input available on an internal connection.

-This function should be called for an internal connection only

-after an operating system facility (for example,

-<function>select</function>

-or

-<function>poll</function>)

-has indicated that input is available; otherwise,

-the effect is not defined.

-</para>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .sp -->

-To obtain all of the current internal connections for a display, use

-<function>XInternalConnectionNumbers</function>.

-<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XInternalConnectionNumbers</primary></indexterm>

-<!-- .sM -->

-</para>

-<para>

-()

-</para>

-<funcsynopsis>

-<funcprototype>

-  <funcdef>Status <function>XInternalConnectionNumbers</function></funcdef>

-  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int **<parameter> fd</parameter></paramdef>

-  <paramdef>int *<parameter> count_return</parameter></paramdef>

-</funcprototype>

-</funcsynopsis>

-<!-- .FN -->

-<variablelist>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Specifies the connection to the X server.

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>fd_return</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Returns the file descriptors.

-<!-- .ds Cn file descriptors -->

-      </para>

-    </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-  <varlistentry>

-    <term>

-      <emphasis remap='I'>count_return</emphasis>

-    </term>

-    <listitem>

-      <para>

-Returns the number of (Cn.

-    </para>

-  </listitem>

-  </varlistentry>

-</variablelist>

-<para>

-<!-- .LP -->

-<!-- .eM -->

-The

-<function>XInternalConnectionNumbers</function>

-function returns a list of the file descriptors for all internal

-connections currently open for the specified display.

-When the allocated list is no longer needed,

-free it by using

-<function>XFree</function>.

-This functions returns a nonzero status if the list is successfully allocated;

-otherwise, it returns zero.

-</para>

-</sect1>

-</chapter>

+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
+	  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd">
+<chapter id="display_functions">
+<title>Display Functions</title>
+<para>
+Before your program can use a display, you must establish a connection
+to the X server.
+Once you have established a connection,
+you then can use the Xlib macros and functions discussed in this chapter
+to return information about the display.
+This chapter discusses how to:
+</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Open (connect to) the display
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Obtain information about the display, image formats, or screens
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Generate a
+<systemitem>NoOperation</systemitem>
+protocol request
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Free client-created data
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Close (disconnect from) a display
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Use X Server connection close operations
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Use Xlib with threads
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Use internal connections
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+<sect1 id="Opening_the_Display">
+<title>Opening the Display</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Opening the Display -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+To open a connection to the X server that controls a display, use
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XOpenDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Display *<function>XOpenDisplay</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>char *<parameter>display_name</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display_name</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the hardware display name, which determines the display
+and communications domain to be used.
+On a <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant system, if the display_name is NULL, 
+it defaults to the value of the DISPLAY environment variable. 
+<indexterm><primary>Environment</primary><secondary>DISPLAY</secondary></indexterm>
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The encoding and interpretation of the display name are
+implementation-dependent.
+Strings in the Host Portable Character Encoding are supported;
+support for other characters is implementation-dependent.
+On <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant systems,
+the display name or DISPLAY environment variable can be a string in the format:
+</para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+<literallayout class="monospaced">
+<!-- .TA 1i -->
+<!-- .ta 1i -->
+	<emphasis remap='I'>protocol</emphasis>/<emphasis remap='I'>hostname</emphasis>:<emphasis remap='I'>number</emphasis>.<emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+</literallayout>
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>protocol</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies a protocol family or an alias for a protocol family.  Supported 
+protocol families are implementation dependent.  The protocol entry is 
+optional.  If protocol is not specified, the / separating protocol and 
+hostname must also not be specified.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>hostname</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the name of the host machine on which the display is physically
+attached.
+You follow the hostname with either a single colon (:) or a double colon (::).
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the number of the display server on that host machine.
+You may optionally follow this display number with a period (.).
+A single <acronym>CPU</acronym> can have more than one display.
+Multiple displays are usually numbered starting with zero.
+<indexterm><primary>Screen</primary></indexterm>
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the screen to be used on that server.
+Multiple screens can be controlled by a single X server.
+The screen_number sets an internal variable that can be accessed by
+using the 
+<function>DefaultScreen</function>
+macro or the 
+<function>XDefaultScreen</function>
+function if you are using languages other than C (see section 2.2.1).
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+For example, the following would specify screen 1 of display 0 on the 
+machine named ``dual-headed'':
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<literallayout class="monospaced">
+dual-headed:0.1
+</literallayout>
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+The
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+function returns a 
+<type>Display</type>
+structure that serves as the
+connection to the X server and that contains all the information
+about that X server.
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+connects your application to the X server through <acronym>TCP</acronym>
+or DECnet communications protocols,
+or through some local inter-process communication protocol.
+<indexterm><primary>Protocol</primary><secondary><acronym>TCP</acronym></secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Protocol</primary><secondary>DECnet</secondary></indexterm>
+If the protocol is specified as "tcp", "inet", or "inet6", or
+if no protocol is specified and the hostname is a host machine name and a single colon (:)
+separates the hostname and display number,
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+connects using <acronym>TCP</acronym> streams.  (If the protocol is specified as "inet", <acronym>TCP</acronym> over
+IPv4 is used.  If the protocol is specified as "inet6", <acronym>TCP</acronym> over IPv6 is used.
+Otherwise, the implementation determines which <acronym>IP</acronym> version is used.)
+If the hostname and protocol are both not specified,
+Xlib uses whatever it believes is the fastest transport.
+If the hostname is a host machine name and a double colon (::)
+separates the hostname and display number,
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+connects using DECnet.
+A single X server can support any or all of these transport mechanisms
+simultaneously.
+A particular Xlib implementation can support many more of these transport
+mechanisms.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<indexterm><primary>Display</primary></indexterm>
+If successful, 
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+returns a pointer to a 
+<type>Display</type>
+structure,
+which is defined in 
+<filename class="headerfile">&lt;X11/Xlib.h&gt;</filename>.
+<indexterm type="file"><primary><filename class="headerfile">X11/Xlib.h</filename></primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Files</primary><secondary><filename class="headerfile">&lt;X11/Xlib.h&gt;</filename></secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Headers</primary><secondary><filename class="headerfile">&lt;X11/Xlib.h&gt;</filename></secondary></indexterm>
+If 
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+does not succeed, it returns NULL.
+After a successful call to
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>,
+all of the screens in the display can be used by the client.
+The screen number specified in the display_name argument is returned 
+by the 
+<function>DefaultScreen</function>
+macro (or the
+<function>XDefaultScreen</function>
+function).
+You can access elements of the
+<type>Display</type>
+and
+<type>Screen</type>
+structures only by using the information macros or functions.
+For information about using macros and functions to obtain information from 
+the
+<type>Display</type>
+structure,
+see section 2.2.1.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+X servers may implement various types of access control mechanisms
+(see section 9.8).
+</para>
+</sect1>
+<sect1 id="Obtaining_Information_about_the_Display_Image_Formats_or_Screens">
+<title>Obtaining Information about the Display, Image Formats, or Screens</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Obtaining Information about the Display, Image Formats, or Screens -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+The Xlib library provides a number of useful macros 
+and corresponding functions that return data from the 
+<type>Display</type>
+structure.
+The macros are used for C programming, 
+and their corresponding function equivalents are for other language bindings.
+This section discusses the:
+</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Display macros
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Image format functions and macros
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+Screen information macros
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<indexterm ><primary>Display</primary><secondary>data structure</secondary></indexterm>
+All other members of the 
+<type>Display</type>
+structure (that is, those for which no macros are defined) are private to Xlib 
+and must not be used.
+Applications must never directly modify or inspect these private members of the 
+<type>Display</type>
+structure.
+<!-- .NT Note -->
+The
+<function>XDisplayWidth</function>,
+<function>XDisplayHeight</function>,
+<function>XDisplayCells</function>,
+<function>XDisplayPlanes</function>,
+<function>XDisplayWidthMM</function>,
+and
+<function>XDisplayHeightMM</function>
+functions in the next sections are misnamed.
+These functions really should be named Screen<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis> 
+and XScreen<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis>, not Display<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis> or XDisplay<emphasis remap='I'>whatever</emphasis>.
+Our apologies for the resulting confusion.
+<!-- .NE -->
+</para>
+<sect2 id="Display_Macros_">
+<title>Display Macros </title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Display Macros -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+Applications should not directly modify any part of the
+<type>Display</type>
+and
+<type>Screen</type>
+structures.
+The members should be considered read-only,
+although they may change as the result of other operations on the display.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP  -->
+The following lists the C language macros,
+their corresponding function equivalents that are for other language bindings,
+and what data both can return.
+</para>
+<para>AllPlanes()</para>
+<para>XAllPlanes()</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>AllPlanes</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XAllPlanes</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a value with all bits set to 1 suitable for use in a plane argument to
+a procedure.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+Both 
+<function>BlackPixel</function>
+and 
+<function>WhitePixel</function>
+can be used in implementing a monochrome application.
+These pixel values are for permanently allocated entries in the default
+colormap.
+The actual <acronym>RGB</acronym> (red, green, and blue) values are settable on some screens 
+and, in any case, may not actually be black or white.
+The names are intended to convey the expected relative intensity of the colors.
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+BlackPixel(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XBlackPixel</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BlackPixel</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBlackPixel</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the black pixel value for the specified screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+WhitePixel(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XWhitePixel</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WhitePixel</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWhitePixel</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the white pixel value for the specified screen. 
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ConnectionNumber(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XConnectionNumber</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ConnectionNumber</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XConnectionNumber</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a connection number for the specified display.
+On a <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant system,
+this is the file descriptor of the connection.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultColormap(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Colormap <function>XDefaultColormap</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultColormap</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultColormap</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the default colormap ID for allocation on the specified screen.
+Most routine allocations of color should be made out of this colormap.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultDepth(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDefaultDepth</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultDepth</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultDepth</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the depth (number of planes) of the default root window for the
+specified screen.
+Other depths may also be supported on this screen (see
+<function>XMatchVisualInfo</function>).
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XListDepths</primary></indexterm>
+To determine the number of depths that are available on a given screen, use
+<function>XListDepths</function>.
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultGC(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>GC <function>XDefaultGC</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> *count_return</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+<!-- .ds Cn depths -->
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>count_return</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Returns the number of (Cn.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XListDepths</function>
+function returns the array of depths 
+that are available on the specified screen.
+If the specified screen_number is valid and sufficient memory for the array
+can be allocated,
+<function>XListDepths</function>
+sets count_return to the number of available depths.
+Otherwise, it does not set count_return and returns NULL.
+To release the memory allocated for the array of depths, use
+<function>XFree</function>.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultGC(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>GC <function>XDefaultGC</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultGC</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultGC</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the default graphics context for the root window of the 
+specified screen.
+This GC is created for the convenience of simple applications
+and contains the default GC components with the foreground and
+background pixel values initialized to the black and white
+pixels for the screen, respectively.
+You can modify its contents freely because it is not used in any Xlib
+function.
+This GC should never be freed.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultRootWindow(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Window <function>XDefaultRootWindow</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultRootWindow</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultRootWindow</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the root window for the default screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultScreenOfDisplay(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Screen *<function>XDefaultScreenOfDisplay</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a pointer to the default screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ScreenOfDisplay(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Screen *<function>XScreenOfDisplay</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XScreenOfDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a pointer to the indicated screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDefaultScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the default screen number referenced by the 
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+function. 
+This macro or function should be used to retrieve the screen number 
+in applications that will use only a single screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultVisual(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Visual *<function>XDefaultVisual</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultVisual</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultVisual</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the default visual type for the specified screen.
+For further information about visual types,
+see section 3.1.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayCells(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayCells</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayCells</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayCells</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the number of entries in the default colormap.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayPlanes(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayPlanes</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayPlanes</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayPlanes</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the depth of the root window of the specified screen.
+For an explanation of depth,
+see the glossary.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayString(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>char *<function>XDisplayString</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayString</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayString</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the string that was passed to 
+<function>XOpenDisplay</function>
+when the current display was opened. 
+On <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-conformant systems,
+if the passed string was NULL, these return the value of
+the DISPLAY environment variable when the current display was opened.
+<indexterm><primary><acronym>POSIX</acronym> System Call</primary><secondary>fork</secondary></indexterm>
+These are useful to applications that invoke the 
+<function>fork</function>
+system call and want to open a new connection to the same display from the 
+child process as well as for printing error messages.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+LastKnownRequestProcessed(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XExtendedMaxRequestSize</primary></indexterm>
+The
+<function>XExtendedMaxRequestSize</function>
+function returns zero if the specified display does not support an
+extended-length protocol encoding; otherwise,
+it returns the maximum request size (in 4-byte units) supported
+by the server using the extended-length encoding.
+The Xlib functions
+<function>XDrawLines</function>,
+<function>XDrawArcs</function>,
+<function>XFillPolygon</function>,
+<function>XChangeProperty</function>,
+<function>XSetClipRectangles</function>,
+and
+<function>XSetRegion</function>
+will use the extended-length encoding as necessary, if supported
+by the server.  Use of the extended-length encoding in other Xlib
+functions (for example,
+<function>XDrawPoints</function>,
+<function>XDrawRectangles</function>,
+<function>XDrawSegments</function>,
+<function>XFillArcs</function>,
+<function>XFillRectangles</function>,
+<function>XPutImage</function>)
+is permitted but not required; an Xlib implementation may choose to
+split the data across multiple smaller requests instead.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+LastKnownRequestProcessed(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XMaxRequestSize</primary></indexterm>
+The
+<function>XMaxRequestSize</function>
+function returns the maximum request size (in 4-byte units) supported
+by the server without using an extended-length protocol encoding.
+Single protocol requests to the server can be no larger than this size
+unless an extended-length protocol encoding is supported by the server.
+The protocol guarantees the size to be no smaller than 4096 units
+(16384 bytes).
+Xlib automatically breaks data up into multiple protocol requests
+as necessary for the following functions:
+<function>XDrawPoints</function>,
+<function>XDrawRectangles</function>,
+<function>XDrawSegments</function>,
+<function>XFillArcs</function>,
+<function>XFillRectangles</function>,
+and 
+<function>XPutImage</function>.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+LastKnownRequestProcessed(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>LastKnownRequestProcessed</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XLastKnownRequestProcessed</primary></indexterm>
+Both extract the full serial number of the last request known by Xlib
+to have been processed by the X server.
+Xlib automatically sets this number when replies, events, and errors
+are received.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+NextRequest(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XNextRequest</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>NextRequest</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XNextRequest</primary></indexterm>
+Both extract the full serial number that is to be used for the next
+request.
+Serial numbers are maintained separately for each display connection.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ProtocolVersion(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XProtocolVersion</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ProtocolVersion</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XProtocolVersion</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the major version number (11) of the X protocol associated with 
+the connected display.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ProtocolRevision(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XProtocolRevision</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ProtocolRevision</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XProtocolRevision</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the minor protocol revision number of the X server.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+QLength(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XQLength</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>QLength</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XQLength</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the length of the event queue for the connected display.
+Note that there may be more events that have not been read into
+the queue yet (see
+<function>XEventsQueued</function>).
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+RootWindow(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Window <function>XRootWindow</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm><primary>Window</primary><secondary>RootWindow</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>RootWindow</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>Window</primary><secondary>XRootWindow</secondary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XRootWindow</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the root window.
+These are useful with functions that need a drawable of a particular screen
+and for creating top-level windows.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ScreenCount(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XScreenCount</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ScreenCount</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XScreenCount</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the number of available screens.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ServerVendor(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>char *<function>XServerVendor</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ServerVendor</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XServerVendor</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a pointer to a null-terminated string that provides
+some identification of the owner of the X server implementation.
+If the data returned by the server is in the Latin Portable Character Encoding,
+then the string is in the Host Portable Character Encoding.
+Otherwise, the contents of the string are implementation-dependent.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+VendorRelease(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XVendorRelease</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>VendorRelease</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XVendorRelease</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a number related to a vendor's release of the X server.
+</para>
+</sect2>
+<sect2 id="Image_Format_Functions_and_Macros">
+<title>Image Format Functions and Macros</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Image Format Functions and Macros -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+Applications are required to present data to the X server
+in a format that the server demands.
+To help simplify applications,
+most of the work required to convert the data is provided by Xlib
+(see sections 8.7 and 16.8).
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+The
+<structname>XPixmapFormatValues</structname>
+structure provides an interface to the pixmap format information
+that is returned at the time of a connection setup.
+It contains:
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+<literallayout class="monospaced">
+<!-- .TA .5i 3i -->
+<!-- .ta .5i 3i -->
+typedef struct {
+	int depth;
+	int bits_per_pixel;
+	int scanline_pad;
+} XPixmapFormatValues;
+</literallayout>
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+To obtain the pixmap format information for a given display, use
+<function>XListPixmapFormats</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XListPixmapFormats</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ImageByteOrder(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XImageByteOrder</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> *count_return</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+<!-- .ds Cn pixmap formats that are supported by the display -->
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>count_return</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Returns the number of (Cn.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XListPixmapFormats</function>
+function returns an array of
+<structname>XPixmapFormatValues</structname>
+structures that describe the types of Z format images supported
+by the specified display.
+If insufficient memory is available,
+<function>XListPixmapFormats</function>
+returns NULL.
+To free the allocated storage for the
+<structname>XPixmapFormatValues</structname>
+structures, use
+<function>XFree</function>.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP  -->
+The following lists the C language macros,
+their corresponding function equivalents that are for other language bindings,
+and what data they both return for the specified server and screen.
+These are often used by toolkits as well as by simple applications.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+ImageByteOrder(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XImageByteOrder</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>ImageByteOrder</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XImageByteOrder</primary></indexterm>
+Both specify the required byte order for images for each scanline unit in 
+XY format (bitmap) or for each pixel value in 
+Z format.
+The macro or function can return either
+<symbol>LSBFirst</symbol>
+or 
+<symbol>MSBFirst</symbol>.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+BitmapUnit(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XBitmapUnit</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BitmapUnit</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBitmapUnit</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the size of a bitmap's scanline unit in bits.
+The scanline is calculated in multiples of this value.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+BitmapBitOrder(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XBitmapBitOrder</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BitmapBitOrder</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBitmapBitOrder</primary></indexterm>
+Within each bitmap unit, the left-most bit in the bitmap as displayed
+on the screen is either the least significant or most significant bit in the
+unit.
+This macro or function can return 
+<symbol>LSBFirst</symbol>
+or 
+<symbol>MSBFirst</symbol>.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+BitmapPad(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XBitmapPad</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BitmapPad</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBitmapPad</primary></indexterm>
+Each scanline must be padded to a multiple of bits returned
+by this macro or function.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayHeight(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayHeight</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayHeight</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayHeight</primary></indexterm>
+Both return an integer that describes the height of the screen
+in pixels.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayHeightMM(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayHeightMM</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayHeightMM</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayHeightMM</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the height of the specified screen in millimeters.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayWidth(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayWidth</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayWidth</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayWidth</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the width of the screen in pixels.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayWidthMM(<emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>, <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDisplayWidthMM</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> screen_number</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen_number</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate screen number on the host server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayWidthMM</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayWidthMM</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the width of the specified screen in millimeters.
+</para>
+</sect2>
+<sect2 id="Screen_Information_Macros">
+<title>Screen Information Macros</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Screen Information Macros -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+The following lists the C language macros,
+their corresponding function equivalents that are for other language bindings,
+and what data they both can return.
+These macros or functions all take a pointer to the appropriate screen
+structure.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+BlackPixelOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XBlackPixelOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>BlackPixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XBlackPixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the black pixel value of the specified screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+WhitePixelOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>unsigned long <function>XWhitePixelOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WhitePixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWhitePixelOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the white pixel value of the specified screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+CellsOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XCellsOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>CellsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XCellsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the number of colormap cells in the default colormap 
+of the specified screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultColormapOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Colormap <function>XDefaultColormapOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultColormapOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultColormapOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the default colormap of the specified screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultDepthOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDefaultDepthOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultDepthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultDepthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the depth of the root window.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultGCOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>GC <function>XDefaultGCOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultGCOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultGCOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a default graphics context (GC) of the specified screen,
+which has the same depth as the root window of the screen.
+The GC must never be freed.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DefaultVisualOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Visual *<function>XDefaultVisualOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DefaultVisualOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDefaultVisualOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the default visual of the specified screen.
+For information on visual types,
+see section 3.1.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DoesBackingStore(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XDoesBackingStore</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DoesBackingStore</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDoesBackingStore</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a value indicating whether the screen supports backing
+stores.
+The value returned can be one of 
+<symbol>WhenMapped</symbol>,
+<symbol>NotUseful</symbol>,
+or
+<symbol>Always</symbol>
+(see section 3.2.4).
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DoesSaveUnders(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Bool <function>XDoesSaveUnders</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DoesSaveUnders</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDoesSaveUnders</primary></indexterm>
+Both return a Boolean value indicating whether the
+screen supports save unders.
+If
+<symbol>True</symbol>,
+the screen supports save unders.
+If
+<symbol>False</symbol>,
+the screen does not support save unders (see section 3.2.5).
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+DisplayOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Display *<function>XDisplayOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>DisplayOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XDisplayOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the display of the specified screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XScreenNumberOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+</para>
+<para>
+EventMaskOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>long <function>XEventMaskOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XScreenNumberOfScreen</function>
+function returns the screen index number of the specified screen.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+EventMaskOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>long <function>XEventMaskOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>EventMaskOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XEventMaskOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the event mask of the root window for the specified screen
+at connection setup time.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+WidthOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XWidthOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WidthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWidthOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the width of the specified screen in pixels.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+HeightOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XHeightOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>HeightOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XHeightOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the height of the specified screen in pixels.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+WidthMMOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XWidthMMOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>WidthMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XWidthMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the width of the specified screen in millimeters.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+HeightMMOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XHeightMMOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>HeightMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XHeightMMOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the height of the specified screen in millimeters.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+MaxCmapsOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XMaxCmapsOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>MaxCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XMaxCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the maximum number of installed colormaps supported 
+by the specified screen (see section 9.3).
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+MinCmapsOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XMinCmapsOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>MinCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XMinCmapsOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the minimum number of installed colormaps supported 
+by the specified screen (see section 9.3).
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+PlanesOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>int <function>XPlanesOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>PlanesOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XPlanesOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the depth of the root window.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+RootWindowOfScreen(<emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>)
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Window <function>XRootWindowOfScreen</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Screen<parameter> *screen</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>screen</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the appropriate 
+<type>Screen</type>
+structure.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>RootWindowOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XRootWindowOfScreen</primary></indexterm>
+Both return the root window of the specified screen.
+</para>
+</sect2>
+</sect1>
+<sect1 id="Generating_a_NoOperation_Protocol_Request">
+<title>Generating a NoOperation Protocol Request</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Generating a NoOperation Protocol Request -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+To execute a 
+<systemitem>NoOperation</systemitem>
+protocol request, use
+<function>XNoOp</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XNoOp</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef><function>XNoOp</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term><emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis></term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>Specifies the connection to the X server.</para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XNoOp</function>
+function sends a 
+<systemitem>NoOperation</systemitem>
+protocol request to the X server,
+thereby exercising the connection.
+</para>
+</sect1>
+<sect1 id="Freeing_Client_Created_Data">
+<title>Freeing Client-Created Data</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Freeing Client-Created Data -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+To free in-memory data that was created by an Xlib function, use
+<function>XFree</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XFree</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>XFree</funcdef>
+  <paramdef>void<parameter> *data</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>data</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the data that is to be freed.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XFree</function>
+function is a general-purpose Xlib routine that frees the specified data.
+You must use it to free any objects that were allocated by Xlib,
+unless an alternate function is explicitly specified for the object.
+A NULL pointer cannot be passed to this function.
+</para>
+</sect1>
+<sect1 id="Closing_the_Display">
+<title>Closing the Display</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Closing the Display -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+To close a display or disconnect from the X server, use
+<function>XCloseDisplay</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XCloseDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>XCloseDisplay</funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XCloseDisplay</function>
+function closes the connection to the X server for the display specified in the
+<type>Display</type>
+structure and destroys all windows, resource IDs
+(<type>Window</type>,
+<type>Font</type>,
+<type>Pixmap</type>,
+<type>Colormap</type>,
+<type>Cursor</type>,
+and
+<type>GContext</type>),
+or other resources that the client has created
+on this display, unless the close-down mode of the resource has been changed
+(see
+<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>).
+Therefore, these windows, resource IDs, and other resources should never be 
+referenced again or an error will be generated.
+Before exiting, you should call
+<function>XCloseDisplay</function>
+explicitly so that any pending errors are reported as
+<function>XCloseDisplay</function>
+performs a final
+<function>XSync</function>
+operation.
+<indexterm><primary>Resource IDs</primary></indexterm>
+<indexterm><primary>XCloseDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<function>XCloseDisplay</function>
+can generate a
+<errorname>BadGC</errorname>
+error.
+<!-- .sp -->
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+Xlib provides a function to permit the resources owned by a client
+to survive after the client's connection is closed.
+To change a client's close-down mode, use
+<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XSetCloseDownMode</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>XSetCloseDownMode</funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> close_mode</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>close_mode</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the client close-down mode.
+You can pass 
+<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>,
+<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>,
+or
+<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>
+defines what will happen to the client's resources at connection close.
+A connection starts in
+<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>
+mode.
+For information on what happens to the client's resources when the
+close_mode argument is
+<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>
+or
+<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>,
+see section 2.6.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>
+can generate a
+<errorname>BadValue</errorname>
+error.
+</para>
+</sect1>
+<sect1 id="Using_X_Server_Connection_Close_Operations_">
+<title>Using X Server Connection Close Operations </title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Using X Server Connection Close Operations -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+When the X server's connection to a client is closed
+either by an explicit call to
+<function>XCloseDisplay</function>
+or by a process that exits, the X server performs the following
+automatic operations:
+</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It disowns all selections owned by the client
+(see 
+<function>XSetSelectionOwner</function>).
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It performs an
+<function>XUngrabPointer</function>
+and
+<function>XUngrabKeyboard</function>
+if the client has actively grabbed the pointer 
+or the keyboard.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It performs an
+<function>XUngrabServer</function>
+if the client has grabbed the server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It releases all passive grabs made by the client.  
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It marks all resources (including colormap entries) allocated 
+by the client either as permanent or temporary, 
+depending on whether the close-down mode is 
+<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>
+or
+<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>.
+However, this does not prevent other client applications from explicitly
+destroying the resources (see 
+<function>XSetCloseDownMode</function>).
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+When the close-down mode is
+<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>,
+the X server destroys all of a client's resources as follows:
+</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It examines each window in the client's save-set to determine if it is an inferior
+(subwindow) of a window created by the client.
+(The save-set is a list of other clients' windows
+that are referred to as save-set windows.)
+If so, the X server reparents the save-set window to the closest ancestor so
+that the save-set window is not an inferior of a window created by the client.
+The reparenting leaves unchanged the absolute coordinates (with respect to
+the root window) of the upper-left outer corner of the save-set
+window.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It performs a
+<systemitem>MapWindow</systemitem>
+request on the save-set window if the save-set window is unmapped.
+The X server does this even if the save-set window was not an inferior of 
+a window created by the client.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It destroys all windows created by the client.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It performs the appropriate free request on each nonwindow resource created by
+the client in the server (for example, 
+<type>Font</type>,
+<type>Pixmap</type>,
+<type>Cursor</type>,
+<type>Colormap</type>,
+and 
+<type>GContext</type>).
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It frees all colors and colormap entries allocated by a client application.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+Additional processing occurs when the last connection to the X server closes.
+An X server goes through a cycle of having no connections and having some
+connections.
+When the last connection to the X server closes as a result of a connection
+closing with the close_mode of
+<symbol>DestroyAll</symbol>,
+the X server does the following: 
+</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It resets its state as if it had just been
+started.  
+The X server begins by destroying all lingering resources from
+clients that have terminated in 
+<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>
+or
+<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>
+mode.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It deletes all but the predefined atom identifiers.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It deletes all properties on all root windows (see section 4.3).
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It resets all device maps and attributes 
+(for example, key click, bell volume, and acceleration) 
+as well as the access control list.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It restores the standard root tiles and cursors.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It restores the default font path.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  <listitem>
+    <para>
+It restores the input focus to state
+<symbol>PointerRoot</symbol>.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+However, the X server does not reset if you close a connection with a close-down
+mode set to
+<symbol>RetainPermanent</symbol>
+or
+<symbol>RetainTemporary</symbol>.
+</para>
+</sect1>
+<sect1 id="Using_Xlib_with_Threads">
+<title>Using Xlib with Threads</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Using Xlib with Threads -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+On systems that have threads, support may be provided to permit
+multiple threads to use Xlib concurrently.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+To initialize support for concurrent threads, use
+<function>XInitThreads</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XInitThreads</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>Status XInitThreads();</para>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XInitThreads</function>
+function initializes Xlib support for concurrent threads.
+This function must be the first Xlib function a
+multi-threaded program calls, and it must complete
+before any other Xlib call is made.
+This function returns a nonzero status if initialization was
+successful; otherwise, it returns zero.
+On systems that do not support threads, this function always returns zero.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+It is only necessary to call this function if multiple threads
+might use Xlib concurrently.  If all calls to Xlib functions
+are protected by some other access mechanism (for example,
+a mutual exclusion lock in a toolkit or through explicit client
+programming), Xlib thread initialization is not required.
+It is recommended that single-threaded programs not call this function.
+
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+To lock a display across several Xlib calls, use
+<function>XLockDisplay</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XLockDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>XLockDisplay</funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XLockDisplay</function>
+function locks out all other threads from using the specified display.
+Other threads attempting to use the display will block until
+the display is unlocked by this thread.
+Nested calls to
+<function>XLockDisplay</function>
+work correctly; the display will not actually be unlocked until
+<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>
+has been called the same number of times as
+<function>XLockDisplay</function>.
+This function has no effect unless Xlib was successfully initialized
+for threads using
+<function>XInitThreads</function>.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+To unlock a display, use
+<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XUnlockDisplay</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>XUnlockDisplay</funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>
+function allows other threads to use the specified display again.
+Any threads that have blocked on the display are allowed to continue.
+Nested locking works correctly; if
+<function>XLockDisplay</function>
+has been called multiple times by a thread, then
+<function>XUnlockDisplay</function>
+must be called an equal number of times before the display is
+actually unlocked.
+This function has no effect unless Xlib was successfully initialized
+for threads using
+<function>XInitThreads</function>.
+</para>
+</sect1>
+<sect1 id="Using_Internal_Connections">
+<title>Using Internal Connections</title>
+<!-- .XS -->
+<!-- (SN Using Internal Connections -->
+<!-- .XE -->
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+In addition to the connection to the X server, an Xlib implementation
+may require connections to other kinds of servers (for example, to
+input method servers as described in chapter 13).  Toolkits and clients
+that use multiple displays, or that use displays in combination with
+other inputs, need to obtain these additional connections to correctly
+block until input is available and need to process that input
+when it is available.  Simple clients that use a single display and
+block for input in an Xlib event function do not need to use these
+facilities.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+To track internal connections for a display, use
+<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>.
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>type void XConnectionWatchProc</funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> client_data</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> fd</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>Bool<parameter> opening</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> *watch_data</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Status XAddConnectionWatch</funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>XWatchProc<parameter> procedure</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> client_data</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>procedure</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the procedure to be called.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>client_data</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the additional client data.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>
+function registers a procedure to be called each time Xlib opens or closes an
+internal connection for the specified display.  The procedure is passed the
+display, the specified client_data, the file descriptor for the connection,
+a Boolean indicating whether the connection is being opened or closed, and a
+pointer to a location for private watch data.  If opening is
+<symbol>True</symbol>,
+the procedure can store a pointer to private data in the location pointed
+to by watch_data;
+when the procedure is later called for this same connection and opening is
+<symbol>False</symbol>,
+the location pointed to by watch_data will hold this same private data pointer.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+This function can be called at any time after a display is opened.
+If internal connections already exist, the registered procedure will
+immediately be called for each of them, before
+<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>
+returns.
+<function>XAddConnectionWatch</function>
+returns a nonzero status if the procedure is successfully registered;
+otherwise, it returns zero.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+The registered procedure should not call any Xlib functions.
+If the procedure directly or indirectly causes the state of internal
+connections or watch procedures to change, the result is not defined.
+If Xlib has been initialized for threads, the procedure is called with
+the display locked and the result of a call by the procedure to any
+Xlib function that locks the display is not defined unless the executing
+thread has externally locked the display using
+<function>XLockDisplay</function>.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+To stop tracking internal connections for a display, use
+<function>XRemoveConnectionWatch</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XRemoveConnectionWatch</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+()
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Status <function>XRemoveConnectionWatch</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>XWatchProc<parameter> procedure</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>XPointer<parameter> client_data</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>procedure</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the procedure to be called.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>client_data</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the additional client data.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XRemoveConnectionWatch</function>
+function removes a previously registered connection watch procedure.
+The client_data must match the client_data used when the procedure
+was initially registered.
+
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+To process input on an internal connection, use
+<function>XProcessInternalConnection</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XProcessInternalConnection</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+()
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>void <function>XProcessInternalConnection</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int<parameter> fd</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>fd</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the file descriptor.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XProcessInternalConnection</function>
+function processes input available on an internal connection.
+This function should be called for an internal connection only
+after an operating system facility (for example,
+<function>select</function>
+or
+<function>poll</function>)
+has indicated that input is available; otherwise,
+the effect is not defined.
+</para>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .sp -->
+To obtain all of the current internal connections for a display, use
+<function>XInternalConnectionNumbers</function>.
+<indexterm significance="preferred"><primary>XInternalConnectionNumbers</primary></indexterm>
+<!-- .sM -->
+</para>
+<para>
+()
+</para>
+<funcsynopsis>
+<funcprototype>
+  <funcdef>Status <function>XInternalConnectionNumbers</function></funcdef>
+  <paramdef>Display<parameter> *display</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int **<parameter> fd</parameter></paramdef>
+  <paramdef>int *<parameter> count_return</parameter></paramdef>
+</funcprototype>
+</funcsynopsis>
+<!-- .FN -->
+<variablelist>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>display</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Specifies the connection to the X server.
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>fd_return</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Returns the file descriptors.
+<!-- .ds Cn file descriptors -->
+      </para>
+    </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+  <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+      <emphasis remap='I'>count_return</emphasis>
+    </term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+Returns the number of (Cn.
+    </para>
+  </listitem>
+  </varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+<para>
+<!-- .LP -->
+<!-- .eM -->
+The
+<function>XInternalConnectionNumbers</function>
+function returns a list of the file descriptors for all internal
+connections currently open for the specified display.
+When the allocated list is no longer needed,
+free it by using
+<function>XFree</function>.
+This functions returns a nonzero status if the list is successfully allocated;
+otherwise, it returns zero.
+</para>
+</sect1>
+</chapter>
diff --git a/libX11/src/FSWrap.c b/libX11/src/FSWrap.c
index 94d94fbe9..45a2c34e3 100644
--- a/libX11/src/FSWrap.c
+++ b/libX11/src/FSWrap.c
@@ -85,10 +85,9 @@ _XParseBaseFontNameList(
     if (!*str)
 	return (char **)NULL;
 
-    if (!(ptr = Xmalloc((unsigned)strlen(str) + 1))) {
+    if (!(ptr = strdup(str))) {
 	return (char **)NULL;
     }
-    strcpy(ptr, str);
 
     psave = ptr;
     /* somebody who specifies more than XMAXLIST basefontnames will lose */
diff --git a/libX11/src/InitExt.c b/libX11/src/InitExt.c
index cb9191de6..19515ccd0 100644
--- a/libX11/src/InitExt.c
+++ b/libX11/src/InitExt.c
@@ -50,14 +50,13 @@ XExtCodes *XInitExtension (
 
 	LockDisplay (dpy);
 	if (! (ext = (_XExtension *) Xcalloc (1, sizeof (_XExtension))) ||
-	    ! (ext->name = Xmalloc((unsigned) strlen(name) + 1))) {
+	    ! (ext->name = strdup(name))) {
 	    if (ext) Xfree((char *) ext);
 	    UnlockDisplay(dpy);
 	    return (XExtCodes *) NULL;
 	}
 	codes.extension = dpy->ext_number++;
 	ext->codes = codes;
-	(void) strcpy(ext->name, name);
 
 	/* chain it onto the display list */
 	ext->next = dpy->ext_procs;
diff --git a/libX11/src/Quarks.c b/libX11/src/Quarks.c
index d0eb69018..7a704b101 100644
--- a/libX11/src/Quarks.c
+++ b/libX11/src/Quarks.c
@@ -210,10 +210,9 @@ ExpandQuarkTable(void)
 #endif
 	newmask = 0x1ff;
     }
-    entries = (Entry *)Xmalloc(sizeof(Entry) * (newmask + 1));
+    entries = Xcalloc(newmask + 1, sizeof(Entry));
     if (!entries)
 	return False;
-    bzero((char *)entries, sizeof(Entry) * (newmask + 1));
     quarkTable = entries;
     quarkMask = newmask;
     quarkRehash = quarkMask - 2;
diff --git a/libX11/src/SetLocale.c b/libX11/src/SetLocale.c
index 00c76ee45..c49cb2e4e 100644
--- a/libX11/src/SetLocale.c
+++ b/libX11/src/SetLocale.c
@@ -103,13 +103,12 @@ _Xsetlocale(
     if (!methods)
 	return NULL;
     name = (*methods->lcname)(state);
-    xsl_name = Xmalloc(strlen(name) + 1);
+    xsl_name = strdup(name);
     if (!xsl_name) {
 	xsl_name = old_name;
 	(*methods->destroy)(state);
 	return NULL;
     }
-    strcpy(xsl_name, name);
     if (old_name)
 	Xfree(old_name);
     (*methods->destroy)(state);
diff --git a/libX11/src/Xrm.c b/libX11/src/Xrm.c
index c466cae7f..53467aedc 100644
--- a/libX11/src/Xrm.c
+++ b/libX11/src/Xrm.c
@@ -581,23 +581,21 @@ static void GrowTable(
 	ltable = (LTable)table;
 	/* cons up a copy to make MoveValues look symmetric */
 	otable = *ltable;
-	ltable->buckets = (VEntry *)Xmalloc(i * sizeof(VEntry));
+	ltable->buckets = Xcalloc(i, sizeof(VEntry));
 	if (!ltable->buckets) {
 	    ltable->buckets = otable.buckets;
 	    return;
 	}
 	ltable->table.mask = i - 1;
-	bzero((char *)ltable->buckets, i * sizeof(VEntry));
 	MoveValues(&otable, ltable);
     } else {
 	register NTable ntable;
 
-	ntable = (NTable)Xmalloc(sizeof(NTableRec) + i * sizeof(NTable));
+	ntable = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(NTableRec) + (i * sizeof(NTable)));
 	if (!ntable)
 	    return;
 	*ntable = *table;
 	ntable->mask = i - 1;
-	bzero((char *)NodeBuckets(ntable), i * sizeof(NTable));
 	*prev = ntable;
 	MoveTables(table, ntable);
     }
diff --git a/libX11/src/xcms/PrOfId.c b/libX11/src/xcms/PrOfId.c
index 831f17ab9..a96d28cec 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xcms/PrOfId.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xcms/PrOfId.c
@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ XcmsPrefixOfFormat(
  */
 {
     XcmsColorSpace	**papColorSpaces;
-    char *prefix;
 
     /*
      * First try Device-Independent color spaces
@@ -75,10 +74,7 @@ XcmsPrefixOfFormat(
     if (papColorSpaces != NULL) {
 	while (*papColorSpaces != NULL) {
 	    if ((*papColorSpaces)->id == id) {
-		prefix = (char *)Xmalloc((strlen((*papColorSpaces)->prefix) +
-		1) * sizeof(char));
-		strcpy(prefix, (*papColorSpaces)->prefix);
-		return(prefix);
+		return strdup((*papColorSpaces)->prefix);
 	    }
 	    papColorSpaces++;
 	}
@@ -91,10 +87,7 @@ XcmsPrefixOfFormat(
     if (papColorSpaces != NULL) {
 	while (*papColorSpaces != NULL) {
 	    if ((*papColorSpaces)->id == id) {
-		prefix = (char *)Xmalloc((strlen((*papColorSpaces)->prefix) +
-		1) * sizeof(char));
-		strcpy(prefix, (*papColorSpaces)->prefix);
-		return(prefix);
+		return strdup((*papColorSpaces)->prefix);
 	    }
 	    papColorSpaces++;
 	}
diff --git a/libX11/src/xkb/XKBGAlloc.c b/libX11/src/xkb/XKBGAlloc.c
index 832d28530..7679496e3 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xkb/XKBGAlloc.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xkb/XKBGAlloc.c
@@ -1,1016 +1,1011 @@
-/************************************************************

-Copyright (c) 1993 by Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.

-

-Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this

-software and its documentation for any purpose and without

-fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright

-notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright

-notice and this permission notice appear in supporting

-documentation, and that the name of Silicon Graphics not be

-used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution

-of the software without specific prior written permission.

-Silicon Graphics makes no representation about the suitability

-of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is"

-without any express or implied warranty.

-

-SILICON GRAPHICS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS

-SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY

-AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL SILICON

-GRAPHICS BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL

-DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE,

-DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE

-OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION  WITH

-THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

-

-********************************************************/

-

-#ifdef HAVE_DIX_CONFIG_H

-#include <dix-config.h>

-#elif defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)

-#include <config.h>

-#endif

-

-#ifndef XKB_IN_SERVER

-

-#include <stdio.h>

-#include "Xlibint.h"

-#include "XKBlibint.h"

-#include <X11/extensions/XKBgeom.h>

-#include <X11/extensions/XKBproto.h>

-

-#else

-

-#include <stdio.h>

-#include <X11/X.h>

-#include <X11/Xproto.h>

-#include "misc.h"

-#include "inputstr.h"

-#include <X11/extensions/XKBsrv.h>

-#include <X11/extensions/XKBgeom.h>

-

-#endif /* XKB_IN_SERVER */

-

-#ifdef X_NOT_POSIX

-#define Size_t unsigned int

-#else

-#define Size_t size_t

-#endif

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(	Bool			freeAll,

-			int			first,

-			int 			count,

-			unsigned short *	num_inout,

-			unsigned short *	sz_inout,

-			char **			elems,

-			unsigned int		elem_sz)

-{

-    if ((freeAll)||(*elems==NULL)) {

-	*num_inout= *sz_inout= 0;

-	if (*elems!=NULL) {

-	    _XkbFree(*elems);

-	    *elems= NULL;

-	}

-	return;

-    }

-

-    if ((first>=(*num_inout))||(first<0)||(count<1))

-	return;

-

-    if (first+count>=(*num_inout)) {

-	/* truncating the array is easy */

-	(*num_inout)= first;

-    }

-    else {

-	char *	ptr;

-	int 	extra;

-	ptr= *elems;

-	extra= ((*num_inout)-(first+count))*elem_sz;

-	if (extra>0)

-	    memmove(&ptr[first*elem_sz],&ptr[(first+count)*elem_sz],extra);

-	(*num_inout)-= count;

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-typedef void (*ContentsClearFunc)(

-		char *		/* priv */

-);

-

-static void

-_XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(	Bool			freeAll,

-				int			first,

-				int 			count,

-				unsigned short *	num_inout,

-				unsigned short *	sz_inout,

-				char **			elems,

-				unsigned int		elem_sz,

-				ContentsClearFunc	freeFunc)

-{

-register int i;

-register char *ptr;

-

-    if (freeAll) {

-	first= 0;

-	count= (*num_inout);

-    }

-    else if ((first>=(*num_inout))||(first<0)||(count<1))

-	return;

-    else if (first+count>(*num_inout))

-	count= (*num_inout)-first;

-    if (*elems==NULL)

-	return;

-

-    if (freeFunc) {

-	ptr= *elems;

-	ptr+= first*elem_sz;

-	for (i=0;i<count;i++) {

-	    (*freeFunc)(ptr);

-	    ptr+= elem_sz;

-	}

-    }

-    if (freeAll) {

-	(*num_inout)= (*sz_inout)= 0;

-	if (*elems) {

-	    _XkbFree(*elems);

-	    *elems= NULL;

-	}

-    }

-    else if (first+count>=(*num_inout))

-	*num_inout= first;

-    else {

-	i= ((*num_inout)-(first+count))*elem_sz;

-	ptr= *elems;

-	memmove(&ptr[first*elem_sz],&ptr[(first+count)*elem_sz],i);

-	(*num_inout)-= count;

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearProperty(char *prop_in)

-{

-XkbPropertyPtr	prop= (XkbPropertyPtr)prop_in;

-

-    if (prop->name) {

-	_XkbFree(prop->name);

-	prop->name= NULL;

-    }

-    if (prop->value) {

-	_XkbFree(prop->value);

-	prop->value= NULL;

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomProperties(	XkbGeometryPtr	geom,

-			int		first,

-			int		count,

-			Bool		freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&geom->num_properties,&geom->sz_properties,

-				(char **)&geom->properties,

-				sizeof(XkbPropertyRec),_XkbClearProperty);

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomKeyAliases(	XkbGeometryPtr	geom,

-			int		first,

-			int		count,

-			Bool		freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&geom->num_key_aliases,&geom->sz_key_aliases,

-				(char **)&geom->key_aliases,

-				sizeof(XkbKeyAliasRec));

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearColor(char *color_in)

-{

-XkbColorPtr	color= (XkbColorPtr)color_in;

-

-    if (color->spec)

-	_XkbFree(color->spec);

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomColors(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&geom->num_colors,&geom->sz_colors,

-				(char **)&geom->colors,

-				sizeof(XkbColorRec),_XkbClearColor);

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomPoints(XkbOutlinePtr outline,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&outline->num_points,&outline->sz_points,

-				(char **)&outline->points,

-				sizeof(XkbPointRec));

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearOutline(char *outline_in)

-{

-XkbOutlinePtr	outline= (XkbOutlinePtr)outline_in;

-

-    if (outline->points!=NULL)

-	XkbFreeGeomPoints(outline,0,outline->num_points,True);

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomOutlines(XkbShapePtr	shape,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&shape->num_outlines,&shape->sz_outlines,

-				(char **)&shape->outlines,

-				sizeof(XkbOutlineRec),_XkbClearOutline);

-

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearShape(char *shape_in)

-{

-XkbShapePtr	shape= (XkbShapePtr)shape_in;

-

-    if (shape->outlines)

-	XkbFreeGeomOutlines(shape,0,shape->num_outlines,True);

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomShapes(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&geom->num_shapes,&geom->sz_shapes,

-				(char **)&geom->shapes,

-				sizeof(XkbShapeRec),_XkbClearShape);

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomOverlayKeys(XkbOverlayRowPtr row,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&row->num_keys,&row->sz_keys,

-				(char **)&row->keys,

-				sizeof(XkbOverlayKeyRec));

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearOverlayRow(char *row_in)

-{

-XkbOverlayRowPtr	row= (XkbOverlayRowPtr)row_in;

-

-    if (row->keys!=NULL)

-	XkbFreeGeomOverlayKeys(row,0,row->num_keys,True);

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomOverlayRows(XkbOverlayPtr overlay,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&overlay->num_rows,&overlay->sz_rows,

-				(char **)&overlay->rows,

-				sizeof(XkbOverlayRowRec),_XkbClearOverlayRow);

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearOverlay(char *overlay_in)

-{

-XkbOverlayPtr	overlay= (XkbOverlayPtr)overlay_in;

-

-    if (overlay->rows!=NULL)

-	XkbFreeGeomOverlayRows(overlay,0,overlay->num_rows,True);

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomOverlays(XkbSectionPtr section,int first,int	count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&section->num_overlays,&section->sz_overlays,

-				(char **)&section->overlays,

-				sizeof(XkbOverlayRec),_XkbClearOverlay);

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomKeys(XkbRowPtr row,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&row->num_keys,&row->sz_keys,

-				(char **)&row->keys,

-				sizeof(XkbKeyRec));

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearRow(char *row_in)

-{

-XkbRowPtr	row= (XkbRowPtr)row_in;

-

-    if (row->keys!=NULL)

-	XkbFreeGeomKeys(row,0,row->num_keys,True);

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomRows(XkbSectionPtr section,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&section->num_rows,&section->sz_rows,

-				(char **)&section->rows,

-				sizeof(XkbRowRec),_XkbClearRow);

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearSection(char *section_in)

-{

-XkbSectionPtr	section= (XkbSectionPtr)section_in;

-

-    if (section->rows!=NULL)

-	XkbFreeGeomRows(section,0,section->num_rows,True);

-    if (section->doodads!=NULL) {

-	XkbFreeGeomDoodads(section->doodads,section->num_doodads,True);

-	section->doodads= NULL;

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomSections(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)

-{

-    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,

-				&geom->num_sections,&geom->sz_sections,

-				(char **)&geom->sections,

-				sizeof(XkbSectionRec),_XkbClearSection);

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static void

-_XkbClearDoodad(char *doodad_in)

-{

-XkbDoodadPtr	doodad= (XkbDoodadPtr)doodad_in;

-

-    switch (doodad->any.type) {

-   	case XkbTextDoodad:

-	    {

-		if (doodad->text.text!=NULL) {

-		    _XkbFree(doodad->text.text);

-		    doodad->text.text= NULL;

-		}

-		if (doodad->text.font!=NULL) {

-		    _XkbFree(doodad->text.font);

-		    doodad->text.font= NULL;

-		}

-	    }

-	    break;

-   	case XkbLogoDoodad:

-	    {

-		if (doodad->logo.logo_name!=NULL) {

-		    _XkbFree(doodad->logo.logo_name);

-		    doodad->logo.logo_name= NULL;

-		}

-	    }

-	    break;

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeomDoodads(XkbDoodadPtr doodads,int nDoodads,Bool freeAll)

-{

-register int 		i;

-register XkbDoodadPtr	doodad;

-

-    if (doodads) {

-	for (i=0,doodad= doodads;i<nDoodads;i++,doodad++) {

-	    _XkbClearDoodad((char *)doodad);

-	}

-	if (freeAll)

-	    _XkbFree(doodads);

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-void

-XkbFreeGeometry(XkbGeometryPtr geom,unsigned which,Bool freeMap)

-{

-    if (geom==NULL)

-	return;

-    if (freeMap)

-	which= XkbGeomAllMask;

-    if ((which&XkbGeomPropertiesMask)&&(geom->properties!=NULL))

-	XkbFreeGeomProperties(geom,0,geom->num_properties,True);

-    if ((which&XkbGeomColorsMask)&&(geom->colors!=NULL))

-	XkbFreeGeomColors(geom,0,geom->num_colors,True);

-    if ((which&XkbGeomShapesMask)&&(geom->shapes!=NULL))

-	XkbFreeGeomShapes(geom,0,geom->num_shapes,True);

-    if ((which&XkbGeomSectionsMask)&&(geom->sections!=NULL))

-	XkbFreeGeomSections(geom,0,geom->num_sections,True);

-    if ((which&XkbGeomDoodadsMask)&&(geom->doodads!= NULL)) {

-	XkbFreeGeomDoodads(geom->doodads,geom->num_doodads,True);

-	geom->doodads= NULL;

-	geom->num_doodads= geom->sz_doodads= 0;

-    }

-    if ((which&XkbGeomKeyAliasesMask)&&(geom->key_aliases!=NULL))

-	XkbFreeGeomKeyAliases(geom,0,geom->num_key_aliases,True);

-    if (freeMap) {

-	if (geom->label_font!=NULL) {

-	    _XkbFree(geom->label_font);

-	    geom->label_font= NULL;

-	}

-	_XkbFree(geom);

-    }

-    return;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-static Status

-_XkbGeomAlloc(	XPointer *		old,

-		unsigned short *	num,

-		unsigned short *	total,

-		int			num_new,

-		Size_t			sz_elem)

-{

-    if (num_new<1)

-	return Success;

-    if ((*old)==NULL)

-	*num= *total= 0;

-

-    if ((*num)+num_new<=(*total))

-	return Success;

-

-    *total= (*num)+num_new;

-    if ((*old)!=NULL)

-	 (*old)= (XPointer)_XkbRealloc((*old),(*total)*sz_elem);

-    else (*old)= (XPointer)_XkbCalloc((*total),sz_elem);

-    if ((*old)==NULL) {

-	*total= *num= 0;

-	return BadAlloc;

-    }

-

-    if (*num>0) {

-	char *tmp= (char *)(*old);

-	bzero(&tmp[sz_elem*(*num)],(num_new*sz_elem));

-    }

-    return Success;

-}

-

-#define	_XkbAllocProps(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->properties,\

-				&(g)->num_properties,&(g)->sz_properties,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbPropertyRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocColors(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->colors,\

-				&(g)->num_colors,&(g)->sz_colors,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbColorRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocShapes(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->shapes,\

-				&(g)->num_shapes,&(g)->sz_shapes,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbShapeRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocSections(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->sections,\

-				&(g)->num_sections,&(g)->sz_sections,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbSectionRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocDoodads(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->doodads,\

-				&(g)->num_doodads,&(g)->sz_doodads,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbDoodadRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocKeyAliases(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->key_aliases,\

-				&(g)->num_key_aliases,&(g)->sz_key_aliases,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbKeyAliasRec))

-

-#define	_XkbAllocOutlines(s,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(s)->outlines,\

-				&(s)->num_outlines,&(s)->sz_outlines,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbOutlineRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocRows(s,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(s)->rows,\

-				&(s)->num_rows,&(s)->sz_rows,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbRowRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocPoints(o,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(o)->points,\

-				&(o)->num_points,&(o)->sz_points,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbPointRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocKeys(r,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(r)->keys,\

-				&(r)->num_keys,&(r)->sz_keys,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbKeyRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocOverlays(s,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(s)->overlays,\

-				&(s)->num_overlays,&(s)->sz_overlays,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbOverlayRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocOverlayRows(o,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(o)->rows,\

-				&(o)->num_rows,&(o)->sz_rows,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbOverlayRowRec))

-#define	_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(r,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(r)->keys,\

-				&(r)->num_keys,&(r)->sz_keys,\

-				(n),sizeof(XkbOverlayKeyRec))

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomProps(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nProps)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocProps(geom,nProps);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomColors(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nColors)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocColors(geom,nColors);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomKeyAliases(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nKeyAliases)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocKeyAliases(geom,nKeyAliases);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomShapes(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nShapes)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocShapes(geom,nShapes);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomSections(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nSections)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocSections(geom,nSections);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomOverlays(XkbSectionPtr section,int nOverlays)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocOverlays(section,nOverlays);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomOverlayRows(XkbOverlayPtr overlay,int nRows)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,nRows);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomOverlayKeys(XkbOverlayRowPtr row,int nKeys)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,nKeys);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomDoodads(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nDoodads)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocDoodads(geom,nDoodads);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomSectionDoodads(XkbSectionPtr section,int nDoodads)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocDoodads(section,nDoodads);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomOutlines(XkbShapePtr shape,int nOL)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocOutlines(shape,nOL);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomRows(XkbSectionPtr section,int nRows)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocRows(section,nRows);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomPoints(XkbOutlinePtr ol,int nPts)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocPoints(ol,nPts);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeomKeys(XkbRowPtr row,int nKeys)

-{

-    return _XkbAllocKeys(row,nKeys);

-}

-

-Status

-XkbAllocGeometry(XkbDescPtr xkb,XkbGeometrySizesPtr sizes)

-{

-XkbGeometryPtr	geom;

-Status		rtrn;

-

-    if (xkb->geom==NULL) {

-	xkb->geom= _XkbTypedCalloc(1,XkbGeometryRec);

-	if (!xkb->geom)

-	    return BadAlloc;

-    }

-    geom= xkb->geom;

-    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomPropertiesMask)&&

-	((rtrn=_XkbAllocProps(geom,sizes->num_properties))!=Success)) {

-	goto BAIL;

-    }

-    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomColorsMask)&&

-	((rtrn=_XkbAllocColors(geom,sizes->num_colors))!=Success)) {

-	goto BAIL;

-    }

-    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomShapesMask)&&

-	((rtrn=_XkbAllocShapes(geom,sizes->num_shapes))!=Success)) {

-	goto BAIL;

-    }

-    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomSectionsMask)&&

-	((rtrn=_XkbAllocSections(geom,sizes->num_sections))!=Success)) {

-	goto BAIL;

-    }

-    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomDoodadsMask)&&

-	((rtrn=_XkbAllocDoodads(geom,sizes->num_doodads))!=Success)) {

-	goto BAIL;

-    }

-    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomKeyAliasesMask)&&

-	((rtrn=_XkbAllocKeyAliases(geom,sizes->num_key_aliases))!=Success)) {

-	goto BAIL;

-    }

-    return Success;

-BAIL:

-    XkbFreeGeometry(geom,XkbGeomAllMask,True);

-    xkb->geom= NULL;

-    return rtrn;

-}

-

-/***====================================================================***/

-

-XkbPropertyPtr

-XkbAddGeomProperty(XkbGeometryPtr geom,char *name,char *value)

-{

-register int i;

-register XkbPropertyPtr prop;

-

-    if ((!geom)||(!name)||(!value))

-	return NULL;

-    for (i=0,prop=geom->properties;i<geom->num_properties;i++,prop++) {

-	if ((prop->name)&&(strcmp(name,prop->name)==0)) {

-	    if (prop->value)

-		_XkbFree(prop->value);

-	    prop->value= (char *)_XkbAlloc(strlen(value)+1);

-	    if (prop->value)

-		strcpy(prop->value,value);

-	    return prop;

-	}

-    }

-    if ((geom->num_properties>=geom->sz_properties)&&

-					(_XkbAllocProps(geom,1)!=Success)) {

-	return NULL;

-    }

-    prop= &geom->properties[geom->num_properties];

-    prop->name= (char *)_XkbAlloc(strlen(name)+1);

-    if (!prop->name)

-	return NULL;

-    strcpy(prop->name,name);

-    prop->value= (char *)_XkbAlloc(strlen(value)+1);

-    if (!prop->value) {

-	_XkbFree(prop->name);

-	prop->name= NULL;

-	return NULL;

-    }

-    strcpy(prop->value,value);

-    geom->num_properties++;

-    return prop;

-}

-

-XkbKeyAliasPtr

-XkbAddGeomKeyAlias(XkbGeometryPtr geom,char *aliasStr,char *realStr)

-{

-register int i;

-register XkbKeyAliasPtr alias;

-

-    if ((!geom)||(!aliasStr)||(!realStr)||(!aliasStr[0])||(!realStr[0]))

-	return NULL;

-    for (i=0,alias=geom->key_aliases;i<geom->num_key_aliases;i++,alias++) {

-	if (strncmp(alias->alias,aliasStr,XkbKeyNameLength)==0) {

-	    bzero(alias->real,XkbKeyNameLength);

-	    strncpy(alias->real,realStr,XkbKeyNameLength);

-	    return alias;

-	}

-    }

-    if ((geom->num_key_aliases>=geom->sz_key_aliases)&&

-				(_XkbAllocKeyAliases(geom,1)!=Success)) {

-	return NULL;

-    }

-    alias= &geom->key_aliases[geom->num_key_aliases];

-    bzero(alias,sizeof(XkbKeyAliasRec));

-    strncpy(alias->alias,aliasStr,XkbKeyNameLength);

-    strncpy(alias->real,realStr,XkbKeyNameLength);

-    geom->num_key_aliases++;

-    return alias;

-}

-

-XkbColorPtr

-XkbAddGeomColor(XkbGeometryPtr geom,char *spec,unsigned int pixel)

-{

-register int i;

-register XkbColorPtr color;

-

-    if ((!geom)||(!spec))

-	return NULL;

-    for (i=0,color=geom->colors;i<geom->num_colors;i++,color++) {

-	if ((color->spec)&&(strcmp(color->spec,spec)==0)) {

-	    color->pixel= pixel;

-	    return color;

-	}

-    }

-    if ((geom->num_colors>=geom->sz_colors)&&

-					(_XkbAllocColors(geom,1)!=Success)) {

-	return NULL;

-    }

-    color= &geom->colors[geom->num_colors];

-    color->pixel= pixel;

-    color->spec= (char *)_XkbAlloc(strlen(spec)+1);

-    if (!color->spec)

-	return NULL;

-    strcpy(color->spec,spec);

-    geom->num_colors++;

-    return color;

-}

-

-XkbOutlinePtr

-XkbAddGeomOutline(XkbShapePtr shape,int sz_points)

-{

-XkbOutlinePtr	outline;

-

-    if ((!shape)||(sz_points<0))

-	return NULL;

-    if ((shape->num_outlines>=shape->sz_outlines)&&

-					(_XkbAllocOutlines(shape,1)!=Success)) {

-	return NULL;

-    }

-    outline= &shape->outlines[shape->num_outlines];

-    bzero(outline,sizeof(XkbOutlineRec));

-    if ((sz_points>0)&&(_XkbAllocPoints(outline,sz_points)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    shape->num_outlines++;

-    return outline;

-}

-

-XkbShapePtr

-XkbAddGeomShape(XkbGeometryPtr geom,Atom name,int sz_outlines)

-{

-XkbShapePtr	shape;

-register int	i;

-

-    if ((!geom)||(!name)||(sz_outlines<0))

-	return NULL;

-    if (geom->num_shapes>0) {

-	for (shape=geom->shapes,i=0;i<geom->num_shapes;i++,shape++) {

-	    if (name==shape->name)

-		return shape;

-	}

-    }

-    if ((geom->num_shapes>=geom->sz_shapes)&&

-					(_XkbAllocShapes(geom,1)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    shape= &geom->shapes[geom->num_shapes];

-    bzero(shape,sizeof(XkbShapeRec));

-    if ((sz_outlines>0)&&(_XkbAllocOutlines(shape,sz_outlines)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    shape->name= name;

-    shape->primary= shape->approx= NULL;

-    geom->num_shapes++;

-    return shape;

-}

-

-XkbKeyPtr

-XkbAddGeomKey(XkbRowPtr row)

-{

-XkbKeyPtr	key;

-    if (!row)

-	return NULL;

-    if ((row->num_keys>=row->sz_keys)&&(_XkbAllocKeys(row,1)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    key= &row->keys[row->num_keys++];

-    bzero(key,sizeof(XkbKeyRec));

-    return key;

-}

-

-XkbRowPtr

-XkbAddGeomRow(XkbSectionPtr section,int sz_keys)

-{

-XkbRowPtr	row;

-

-    if ((!section)||(sz_keys<0))

-	return NULL;

-    if ((section->num_rows>=section->sz_rows)&&

-    					(_XkbAllocRows(section,1)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    row= &section->rows[section->num_rows];

-    bzero(row,sizeof(XkbRowRec));

-    if ((sz_keys>0)&&(_XkbAllocKeys(row,sz_keys)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    section->num_rows++;

-    return row;

-}

-

-XkbSectionPtr

-XkbAddGeomSection(	XkbGeometryPtr	geom,

-			Atom		name,

-			int		sz_rows,

-			int		sz_doodads,

-			int		sz_over)

-{

-register int	i;

-XkbSectionPtr	section;

-

-    if ((!geom)||(name==None)||(sz_rows<0))

-	return NULL;

-    for (i=0,section=geom->sections;i<geom->num_sections;i++,section++) {

-	if (section->name!=name)

-	    continue;

-	if (((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocRows(section,sz_rows)!=Success))||

-	    ((sz_doodads>0)&&(_XkbAllocDoodads(section,sz_doodads)!=Success))||

-	    ((sz_over>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlays(section,sz_over)!=Success)))

-	    return NULL;

-	return section;

-    }

-    if ((geom->num_sections>=geom->sz_sections)&&

-					(_XkbAllocSections(geom,1)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    section= &geom->sections[geom->num_sections];

-    if ((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocRows(section,sz_rows)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    if ((sz_doodads>0)&&(_XkbAllocDoodads(section,sz_doodads)!=Success)) {

-	if (section->rows) {

-	    _XkbFree(section->rows);

-	    section->rows= NULL;

-	    section->sz_rows= section->num_rows= 0;

-	}

-	return NULL;

-    }

-    section->name= name;

-    geom->num_sections++;

-    return section;

-}

-

-XkbDoodadPtr

-XkbAddGeomDoodad(XkbGeometryPtr geom,XkbSectionPtr section,Atom name)

-{

-XkbDoodadPtr	old,doodad;

-register int	i,nDoodads;

-

-    if ((!geom)||(name==None))

-	return NULL;

-    if ((section!=NULL)&&(section->num_doodads>0)) {

-	old= section->doodads;

-	nDoodads= section->num_doodads;

-    }

-    else {

-	old= geom->doodads;

-	nDoodads= geom->num_doodads;

-    }

-    for (i=0,doodad=old;i<nDoodads;i++,doodad++) {

-	if (doodad->any.name==name)

-	    return doodad;

-    }

-    if (section) {

-	if ((section->num_doodads>=geom->sz_doodads)&&

-	    (_XkbAllocDoodads(section,1)!=Success)) {

-	    return NULL;

-	}

-	doodad= &section->doodads[section->num_doodads++];

-    }

-    else {

-	if ((geom->num_doodads>=geom->sz_doodads)&&

-					(_XkbAllocDoodads(geom,1)!=Success))

-	    return NULL;

-	doodad= &geom->doodads[geom->num_doodads++];

-    }

-    bzero(doodad,sizeof(XkbDoodadRec));

-    doodad->any.name= name;

-    return doodad;

-}

-

-XkbOverlayKeyPtr

-XkbAddGeomOverlayKey(	XkbOverlayPtr		overlay,

-			XkbOverlayRowPtr 	row,

-			char *			over,

-			char *			under)

-{

-register int	i;

-XkbOverlayKeyPtr key;

-XkbSectionPtr	section;

-XkbRowPtr	row_under;

-Bool		found;

-

-    if ((!overlay)||(!row)||(!over)||(!under))

-	return NULL;

-    section= overlay->section_under;

-    if (row->row_under>=section->num_rows)

-	return NULL;

-    row_under= &section->rows[row->row_under];

-    for (i=0,found=False;i<row_under->num_keys;i++) {

-	if (strncmp(under,row_under->keys[i].name.name,XkbKeyNameLength)==0) {

-	    found= True;

-	    break;

-	}

-    }

-    if (!found)

-   	return NULL;

-    if ((row->num_keys>=row->sz_keys)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,1)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    key= &row->keys[row->num_keys];

-    strncpy(key->under.name,under,XkbKeyNameLength);

-    strncpy(key->over.name,over,XkbKeyNameLength);

-    row->num_keys++;

-    return key;

-}

-

-XkbOverlayRowPtr

-XkbAddGeomOverlayRow(XkbOverlayPtr overlay,int row_under,int sz_keys)

-{

-register int		i;

-XkbOverlayRowPtr	row;

-

-    if ((!overlay)||(sz_keys<0))

-	return NULL;

-    if (row_under>=overlay->section_under->num_rows)

-	return NULL;

-    for (i=0;i<overlay->num_rows;i++) {

-	if (overlay->rows[i].row_under==row_under) {

-	    row= &overlay->rows[i];

-	    if ((row->sz_keys<sz_keys)&&

-				(_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,sz_keys)!=Success)) {

-		return NULL;

-	    }

-	    return &overlay->rows[i];

-	}

-    }

-    if ((overlay->num_rows>=overlay->sz_rows)&&

-				(_XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,1)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    row= &overlay->rows[overlay->num_rows];

-    bzero(row,sizeof(XkbOverlayRowRec));

-    if ((sz_keys>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,sz_keys)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    row->row_under= row_under;

-    overlay->num_rows++;

-    return row;

-}

-

-XkbOverlayPtr

-XkbAddGeomOverlay(XkbSectionPtr section,Atom name,int sz_rows)

-{

-register int	i;

-XkbOverlayPtr	overlay;

-

-    if ((!section)||(name==None)||(sz_rows==0))

-	return NULL;

-

-    for (i=0,overlay=section->overlays;i<section->num_overlays;i++,overlay++) {

-	if (overlay->name==name) {

-	    if ((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,sz_rows)!=Success))

-		return NULL;

-	    return overlay;

-	}

-    }

-    if ((section->num_overlays>=section->sz_overlays)&&

-				(_XkbAllocOverlays(section,1)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    overlay= &section->overlays[section->num_overlays];

-    if ((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,sz_rows)!=Success))

-	return NULL;

-    overlay->name= name;

-    overlay->section_under= section;

-    section->num_overlays++;

-    return overlay;

-}

+/************************************************************
+Copyright (c) 1993 by Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
+software and its documentation for any purpose and without
+fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
+notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright
+notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
+documentation, and that the name of Silicon Graphics not be
+used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution
+of the software without specific prior written permission.
+Silicon Graphics makes no representation about the suitability
+of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is"
+without any express or implied warranty.
+
+SILICON GRAPHICS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS
+SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
+AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL SILICON
+GRAPHICS BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE,
+DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
+OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION  WITH
+THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+********************************************************/
+
+#ifdef HAVE_DIX_CONFIG_H
+#include <dix-config.h>
+#elif defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)
+#include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef XKB_IN_SERVER
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "Xlibint.h"
+#include "XKBlibint.h"
+#include <X11/extensions/XKBgeom.h>
+#include <X11/extensions/XKBproto.h>
+
+#else
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <X11/X.h>
+#include <X11/Xproto.h>
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "inputstr.h"
+#include <X11/extensions/XKBsrv.h>
+#include <X11/extensions/XKBgeom.h>
+
+#endif /* XKB_IN_SERVER */
+
+#ifdef X_NOT_POSIX
+#define Size_t unsigned int
+#else
+#define Size_t size_t
+#endif
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(	Bool			freeAll,
+			int			first,
+			int 			count,
+			unsigned short *	num_inout,
+			unsigned short *	sz_inout,
+			char **			elems,
+			unsigned int		elem_sz)
+{
+    if ((freeAll)||(*elems==NULL)) {
+	*num_inout= *sz_inout= 0;
+	if (*elems!=NULL) {
+	    _XkbFree(*elems);
+	    *elems= NULL;
+	}
+	return;
+    }
+
+    if ((first>=(*num_inout))||(first<0)||(count<1))
+	return;
+
+    if (first+count>=(*num_inout)) {
+	/* truncating the array is easy */
+	(*num_inout)= first;
+    }
+    else {
+	char *	ptr;
+	int 	extra;
+	ptr= *elems;
+	extra= ((*num_inout)-(first+count))*elem_sz;
+	if (extra>0)
+	    memmove(&ptr[first*elem_sz],&ptr[(first+count)*elem_sz],extra);
+	(*num_inout)-= count;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+typedef void (*ContentsClearFunc)(
+		char *		/* priv */
+);
+
+static void
+_XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(	Bool			freeAll,
+				int			first,
+				int 			count,
+				unsigned short *	num_inout,
+				unsigned short *	sz_inout,
+				char **			elems,
+				unsigned int		elem_sz,
+				ContentsClearFunc	freeFunc)
+{
+register int i;
+register char *ptr;
+
+    if (freeAll) {
+	first= 0;
+	count= (*num_inout);
+    }
+    else if ((first>=(*num_inout))||(first<0)||(count<1))
+	return;
+    else if (first+count>(*num_inout))
+	count= (*num_inout)-first;
+    if (*elems==NULL)
+	return;
+
+    if (freeFunc) {
+	ptr= *elems;
+	ptr+= first*elem_sz;
+	for (i=0;i<count;i++) {
+	    (*freeFunc)(ptr);
+	    ptr+= elem_sz;
+	}
+    }
+    if (freeAll) {
+	(*num_inout)= (*sz_inout)= 0;
+	if (*elems) {
+	    _XkbFree(*elems);
+	    *elems= NULL;
+	}
+    }
+    else if (first+count>=(*num_inout))
+	*num_inout= first;
+    else {
+	i= ((*num_inout)-(first+count))*elem_sz;
+	ptr= *elems;
+	memmove(&ptr[first*elem_sz],&ptr[(first+count)*elem_sz],i);
+	(*num_inout)-= count;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearProperty(char *prop_in)
+{
+XkbPropertyPtr	prop= (XkbPropertyPtr)prop_in;
+
+    if (prop->name) {
+	_XkbFree(prop->name);
+	prop->name= NULL;
+    }
+    if (prop->value) {
+	_XkbFree(prop->value);
+	prop->value= NULL;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomProperties(	XkbGeometryPtr	geom,
+			int		first,
+			int		count,
+			Bool		freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&geom->num_properties,&geom->sz_properties,
+				(char **)&geom->properties,
+				sizeof(XkbPropertyRec),_XkbClearProperty);
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomKeyAliases(	XkbGeometryPtr	geom,
+			int		first,
+			int		count,
+			Bool		freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&geom->num_key_aliases,&geom->sz_key_aliases,
+				(char **)&geom->key_aliases,
+				sizeof(XkbKeyAliasRec));
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearColor(char *color_in)
+{
+XkbColorPtr	color= (XkbColorPtr)color_in;
+
+    if (color->spec)
+	_XkbFree(color->spec);
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomColors(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&geom->num_colors,&geom->sz_colors,
+				(char **)&geom->colors,
+				sizeof(XkbColorRec),_XkbClearColor);
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomPoints(XkbOutlinePtr outline,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&outline->num_points,&outline->sz_points,
+				(char **)&outline->points,
+				sizeof(XkbPointRec));
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearOutline(char *outline_in)
+{
+XkbOutlinePtr	outline= (XkbOutlinePtr)outline_in;
+
+    if (outline->points!=NULL)
+	XkbFreeGeomPoints(outline,0,outline->num_points,True);
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomOutlines(XkbShapePtr	shape,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&shape->num_outlines,&shape->sz_outlines,
+				(char **)&shape->outlines,
+				sizeof(XkbOutlineRec),_XkbClearOutline);
+
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearShape(char *shape_in)
+{
+XkbShapePtr	shape= (XkbShapePtr)shape_in;
+
+    if (shape->outlines)
+	XkbFreeGeomOutlines(shape,0,shape->num_outlines,True);
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomShapes(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&geom->num_shapes,&geom->sz_shapes,
+				(char **)&geom->shapes,
+				sizeof(XkbShapeRec),_XkbClearShape);
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomOverlayKeys(XkbOverlayRowPtr row,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&row->num_keys,&row->sz_keys,
+				(char **)&row->keys,
+				sizeof(XkbOverlayKeyRec));
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearOverlayRow(char *row_in)
+{
+XkbOverlayRowPtr	row= (XkbOverlayRowPtr)row_in;
+
+    if (row->keys!=NULL)
+	XkbFreeGeomOverlayKeys(row,0,row->num_keys,True);
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomOverlayRows(XkbOverlayPtr overlay,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&overlay->num_rows,&overlay->sz_rows,
+				(char **)&overlay->rows,
+				sizeof(XkbOverlayRowRec),_XkbClearOverlayRow);
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearOverlay(char *overlay_in)
+{
+XkbOverlayPtr	overlay= (XkbOverlayPtr)overlay_in;
+
+    if (overlay->rows!=NULL)
+	XkbFreeGeomOverlayRows(overlay,0,overlay->num_rows,True);
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomOverlays(XkbSectionPtr section,int first,int	count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&section->num_overlays,&section->sz_overlays,
+				(char **)&section->overlays,
+				sizeof(XkbOverlayRec),_XkbClearOverlay);
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomKeys(XkbRowPtr row,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&row->num_keys,&row->sz_keys,
+				(char **)&row->keys,
+				sizeof(XkbKeyRec));
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearRow(char *row_in)
+{
+XkbRowPtr	row= (XkbRowPtr)row_in;
+
+    if (row->keys!=NULL)
+	XkbFreeGeomKeys(row,0,row->num_keys,True);
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomRows(XkbSectionPtr section,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&section->num_rows,&section->sz_rows,
+				(char **)&section->rows,
+				sizeof(XkbRowRec),_XkbClearRow);
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearSection(char *section_in)
+{
+XkbSectionPtr	section= (XkbSectionPtr)section_in;
+
+    if (section->rows!=NULL)
+	XkbFreeGeomRows(section,0,section->num_rows,True);
+    if (section->doodads!=NULL) {
+	XkbFreeGeomDoodads(section->doodads,section->num_doodads,True);
+	section->doodads= NULL;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomSections(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int first,int count,Bool freeAll)
+{
+    _XkbFreeGeomNonLeafElems(freeAll,first,count,
+				&geom->num_sections,&geom->sz_sections,
+				(char **)&geom->sections,
+				sizeof(XkbSectionRec),_XkbClearSection);
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static void
+_XkbClearDoodad(char *doodad_in)
+{
+XkbDoodadPtr	doodad= (XkbDoodadPtr)doodad_in;
+
+    switch (doodad->any.type) {
+   	case XkbTextDoodad:
+	    {
+		if (doodad->text.text!=NULL) {
+		    _XkbFree(doodad->text.text);
+		    doodad->text.text= NULL;
+		}
+		if (doodad->text.font!=NULL) {
+		    _XkbFree(doodad->text.font);
+		    doodad->text.font= NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+	    break;
+   	case XkbLogoDoodad:
+	    {
+		if (doodad->logo.logo_name!=NULL) {
+		    _XkbFree(doodad->logo.logo_name);
+		    doodad->logo.logo_name= NULL;
+		}
+	    }
+	    break;
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeomDoodads(XkbDoodadPtr doodads,int nDoodads,Bool freeAll)
+{
+register int 		i;
+register XkbDoodadPtr	doodad;
+
+    if (doodads) {
+	for (i=0,doodad= doodads;i<nDoodads;i++,doodad++) {
+	    _XkbClearDoodad((char *)doodad);
+	}
+	if (freeAll)
+	    _XkbFree(doodads);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+void
+XkbFreeGeometry(XkbGeometryPtr geom,unsigned which,Bool freeMap)
+{
+    if (geom==NULL)
+	return;
+    if (freeMap)
+	which= XkbGeomAllMask;
+    if ((which&XkbGeomPropertiesMask)&&(geom->properties!=NULL))
+	XkbFreeGeomProperties(geom,0,geom->num_properties,True);
+    if ((which&XkbGeomColorsMask)&&(geom->colors!=NULL))
+	XkbFreeGeomColors(geom,0,geom->num_colors,True);
+    if ((which&XkbGeomShapesMask)&&(geom->shapes!=NULL))
+	XkbFreeGeomShapes(geom,0,geom->num_shapes,True);
+    if ((which&XkbGeomSectionsMask)&&(geom->sections!=NULL))
+	XkbFreeGeomSections(geom,0,geom->num_sections,True);
+    if ((which&XkbGeomDoodadsMask)&&(geom->doodads!= NULL)) {
+	XkbFreeGeomDoodads(geom->doodads,geom->num_doodads,True);
+	geom->doodads= NULL;
+	geom->num_doodads= geom->sz_doodads= 0;
+    }
+    if ((which&XkbGeomKeyAliasesMask)&&(geom->key_aliases!=NULL))
+	XkbFreeGeomKeyAliases(geom,0,geom->num_key_aliases,True);
+    if (freeMap) {
+	if (geom->label_font!=NULL) {
+	    _XkbFree(geom->label_font);
+	    geom->label_font= NULL;
+	}
+	_XkbFree(geom);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+static Status
+_XkbGeomAlloc(	XPointer *		old,
+		unsigned short *	num,
+		unsigned short *	total,
+		int			num_new,
+		Size_t			sz_elem)
+{
+    if (num_new<1)
+	return Success;
+    if ((*old)==NULL)
+	*num= *total= 0;
+
+    if ((*num)+num_new<=(*total))
+	return Success;
+
+    *total= (*num)+num_new;
+    if ((*old)!=NULL)
+	 (*old)= (XPointer)_XkbRealloc((*old),(*total)*sz_elem);
+    else (*old)= (XPointer)_XkbCalloc((*total),sz_elem);
+    if ((*old)==NULL) {
+	*total= *num= 0;
+	return BadAlloc;
+    }
+
+    if (*num>0) {
+	char *tmp= (char *)(*old);
+	bzero(&tmp[sz_elem*(*num)],(num_new*sz_elem));
+    }
+    return Success;
+}
+
+#define	_XkbAllocProps(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->properties,\
+				&(g)->num_properties,&(g)->sz_properties,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbPropertyRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocColors(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->colors,\
+				&(g)->num_colors,&(g)->sz_colors,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbColorRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocShapes(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->shapes,\
+				&(g)->num_shapes,&(g)->sz_shapes,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbShapeRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocSections(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->sections,\
+				&(g)->num_sections,&(g)->sz_sections,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbSectionRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocDoodads(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->doodads,\
+				&(g)->num_doodads,&(g)->sz_doodads,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbDoodadRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocKeyAliases(g,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(g)->key_aliases,\
+				&(g)->num_key_aliases,&(g)->sz_key_aliases,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbKeyAliasRec))
+
+#define	_XkbAllocOutlines(s,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(s)->outlines,\
+				&(s)->num_outlines,&(s)->sz_outlines,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbOutlineRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocRows(s,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(s)->rows,\
+				&(s)->num_rows,&(s)->sz_rows,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbRowRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocPoints(o,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(o)->points,\
+				&(o)->num_points,&(o)->sz_points,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbPointRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocKeys(r,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(r)->keys,\
+				&(r)->num_keys,&(r)->sz_keys,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbKeyRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocOverlays(s,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(s)->overlays,\
+				&(s)->num_overlays,&(s)->sz_overlays,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbOverlayRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocOverlayRows(o,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(o)->rows,\
+				&(o)->num_rows,&(o)->sz_rows,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbOverlayRowRec))
+#define	_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(r,n) _XkbGeomAlloc((XPointer *)&(r)->keys,\
+				&(r)->num_keys,&(r)->sz_keys,\
+				(n),sizeof(XkbOverlayKeyRec))
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomProps(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nProps)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocProps(geom,nProps);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomColors(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nColors)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocColors(geom,nColors);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomKeyAliases(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nKeyAliases)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocKeyAliases(geom,nKeyAliases);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomShapes(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nShapes)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocShapes(geom,nShapes);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomSections(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nSections)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocSections(geom,nSections);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomOverlays(XkbSectionPtr section,int nOverlays)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocOverlays(section,nOverlays);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomOverlayRows(XkbOverlayPtr overlay,int nRows)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,nRows);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomOverlayKeys(XkbOverlayRowPtr row,int nKeys)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,nKeys);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomDoodads(XkbGeometryPtr geom,int nDoodads)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocDoodads(geom,nDoodads);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomSectionDoodads(XkbSectionPtr section,int nDoodads)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocDoodads(section,nDoodads);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomOutlines(XkbShapePtr shape,int nOL)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocOutlines(shape,nOL);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomRows(XkbSectionPtr section,int nRows)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocRows(section,nRows);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomPoints(XkbOutlinePtr ol,int nPts)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocPoints(ol,nPts);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeomKeys(XkbRowPtr row,int nKeys)
+{
+    return _XkbAllocKeys(row,nKeys);
+}
+
+Status
+XkbAllocGeometry(XkbDescPtr xkb,XkbGeometrySizesPtr sizes)
+{
+XkbGeometryPtr	geom;
+Status		rtrn;
+
+    if (xkb->geom==NULL) {
+	xkb->geom= _XkbTypedCalloc(1,XkbGeometryRec);
+	if (!xkb->geom)
+	    return BadAlloc;
+    }
+    geom= xkb->geom;
+    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomPropertiesMask)&&
+	((rtrn=_XkbAllocProps(geom,sizes->num_properties))!=Success)) {
+	goto BAIL;
+    }
+    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomColorsMask)&&
+	((rtrn=_XkbAllocColors(geom,sizes->num_colors))!=Success)) {
+	goto BAIL;
+    }
+    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomShapesMask)&&
+	((rtrn=_XkbAllocShapes(geom,sizes->num_shapes))!=Success)) {
+	goto BAIL;
+    }
+    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomSectionsMask)&&
+	((rtrn=_XkbAllocSections(geom,sizes->num_sections))!=Success)) {
+	goto BAIL;
+    }
+    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomDoodadsMask)&&
+	((rtrn=_XkbAllocDoodads(geom,sizes->num_doodads))!=Success)) {
+	goto BAIL;
+    }
+    if ((sizes->which&XkbGeomKeyAliasesMask)&&
+	((rtrn=_XkbAllocKeyAliases(geom,sizes->num_key_aliases))!=Success)) {
+	goto BAIL;
+    }
+    return Success;
+BAIL:
+    XkbFreeGeometry(geom,XkbGeomAllMask,True);
+    xkb->geom= NULL;
+    return rtrn;
+}
+
+/***====================================================================***/
+
+XkbPropertyPtr
+XkbAddGeomProperty(XkbGeometryPtr geom,char *name,char *value)
+{
+register int i;
+register XkbPropertyPtr prop;
+
+    if ((!geom)||(!name)||(!value))
+	return NULL;
+    for (i=0,prop=geom->properties;i<geom->num_properties;i++,prop++) {
+	if ((prop->name)&&(strcmp(name,prop->name)==0)) {
+	    if (prop->value)
+		_XkbFree(prop->value);
+	    prop->value= strdup(value);
+	    return prop;
+	}
+    }
+    if ((geom->num_properties>=geom->sz_properties)&&
+					(_XkbAllocProps(geom,1)!=Success)) {
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    prop= &geom->properties[geom->num_properties];
+    prop->name= strdup(name);
+    if (!prop->name)
+	return NULL;
+    prop->value= strdup(value);
+    if (!prop->value) {
+	_XkbFree(prop->name);
+	prop->name= NULL;
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    geom->num_properties++;
+    return prop;
+}
+
+XkbKeyAliasPtr
+XkbAddGeomKeyAlias(XkbGeometryPtr geom,char *aliasStr,char *realStr)
+{
+register int i;
+register XkbKeyAliasPtr alias;
+
+    if ((!geom)||(!aliasStr)||(!realStr)||(!aliasStr[0])||(!realStr[0]))
+	return NULL;
+    for (i=0,alias=geom->key_aliases;i<geom->num_key_aliases;i++,alias++) {
+	if (strncmp(alias->alias,aliasStr,XkbKeyNameLength)==0) {
+	    bzero(alias->real,XkbKeyNameLength);
+	    strncpy(alias->real,realStr,XkbKeyNameLength);
+	    return alias;
+	}
+    }
+    if ((geom->num_key_aliases>=geom->sz_key_aliases)&&
+				(_XkbAllocKeyAliases(geom,1)!=Success)) {
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    alias= &geom->key_aliases[geom->num_key_aliases];
+    bzero(alias,sizeof(XkbKeyAliasRec));
+    strncpy(alias->alias,aliasStr,XkbKeyNameLength);
+    strncpy(alias->real,realStr,XkbKeyNameLength);
+    geom->num_key_aliases++;
+    return alias;
+}
+
+XkbColorPtr
+XkbAddGeomColor(XkbGeometryPtr geom,char *spec,unsigned int pixel)
+{
+register int i;
+register XkbColorPtr color;
+
+    if ((!geom)||(!spec))
+	return NULL;
+    for (i=0,color=geom->colors;i<geom->num_colors;i++,color++) {
+	if ((color->spec)&&(strcmp(color->spec,spec)==0)) {
+	    color->pixel= pixel;
+	    return color;
+	}
+    }
+    if ((geom->num_colors>=geom->sz_colors)&&
+					(_XkbAllocColors(geom,1)!=Success)) {
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    color= &geom->colors[geom->num_colors];
+    color->pixel= pixel;
+    color->spec= strdup(spec);
+    if (!color->spec)
+	return NULL;
+    geom->num_colors++;
+    return color;
+}
+
+XkbOutlinePtr
+XkbAddGeomOutline(XkbShapePtr shape,int sz_points)
+{
+XkbOutlinePtr	outline;
+
+    if ((!shape)||(sz_points<0))
+	return NULL;
+    if ((shape->num_outlines>=shape->sz_outlines)&&
+					(_XkbAllocOutlines(shape,1)!=Success)) {
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    outline= &shape->outlines[shape->num_outlines];
+    bzero(outline,sizeof(XkbOutlineRec));
+    if ((sz_points>0)&&(_XkbAllocPoints(outline,sz_points)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    shape->num_outlines++;
+    return outline;
+}
+
+XkbShapePtr
+XkbAddGeomShape(XkbGeometryPtr geom,Atom name,int sz_outlines)
+{
+XkbShapePtr	shape;
+register int	i;
+
+    if ((!geom)||(!name)||(sz_outlines<0))
+	return NULL;
+    if (geom->num_shapes>0) {
+	for (shape=geom->shapes,i=0;i<geom->num_shapes;i++,shape++) {
+	    if (name==shape->name)
+		return shape;
+	}
+    }
+    if ((geom->num_shapes>=geom->sz_shapes)&&
+					(_XkbAllocShapes(geom,1)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    shape= &geom->shapes[geom->num_shapes];
+    bzero(shape,sizeof(XkbShapeRec));
+    if ((sz_outlines>0)&&(_XkbAllocOutlines(shape,sz_outlines)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    shape->name= name;
+    shape->primary= shape->approx= NULL;
+    geom->num_shapes++;
+    return shape;
+}
+
+XkbKeyPtr
+XkbAddGeomKey(XkbRowPtr row)
+{
+XkbKeyPtr	key;
+    if (!row)
+	return NULL;
+    if ((row->num_keys>=row->sz_keys)&&(_XkbAllocKeys(row,1)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    key= &row->keys[row->num_keys++];
+    bzero(key,sizeof(XkbKeyRec));
+    return key;
+}
+
+XkbRowPtr
+XkbAddGeomRow(XkbSectionPtr section,int sz_keys)
+{
+XkbRowPtr	row;
+
+    if ((!section)||(sz_keys<0))
+	return NULL;
+    if ((section->num_rows>=section->sz_rows)&&
+    					(_XkbAllocRows(section,1)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    row= &section->rows[section->num_rows];
+    bzero(row,sizeof(XkbRowRec));
+    if ((sz_keys>0)&&(_XkbAllocKeys(row,sz_keys)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    section->num_rows++;
+    return row;
+}
+
+XkbSectionPtr
+XkbAddGeomSection(	XkbGeometryPtr	geom,
+			Atom		name,
+			int		sz_rows,
+			int		sz_doodads,
+			int		sz_over)
+{
+register int	i;
+XkbSectionPtr	section;
+
+    if ((!geom)||(name==None)||(sz_rows<0))
+	return NULL;
+    for (i=0,section=geom->sections;i<geom->num_sections;i++,section++) {
+	if (section->name!=name)
+	    continue;
+	if (((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocRows(section,sz_rows)!=Success))||
+	    ((sz_doodads>0)&&(_XkbAllocDoodads(section,sz_doodads)!=Success))||
+	    ((sz_over>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlays(section,sz_over)!=Success)))
+	    return NULL;
+	return section;
+    }
+    if ((geom->num_sections>=geom->sz_sections)&&
+					(_XkbAllocSections(geom,1)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    section= &geom->sections[geom->num_sections];
+    if ((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocRows(section,sz_rows)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    if ((sz_doodads>0)&&(_XkbAllocDoodads(section,sz_doodads)!=Success)) {
+	if (section->rows) {
+	    _XkbFree(section->rows);
+	    section->rows= NULL;
+	    section->sz_rows= section->num_rows= 0;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+    }
+    section->name= name;
+    geom->num_sections++;
+    return section;
+}
+
+XkbDoodadPtr
+XkbAddGeomDoodad(XkbGeometryPtr geom,XkbSectionPtr section,Atom name)
+{
+XkbDoodadPtr	old,doodad;
+register int	i,nDoodads;
+
+    if ((!geom)||(name==None))
+	return NULL;
+    if ((section!=NULL)&&(section->num_doodads>0)) {
+	old= section->doodads;
+	nDoodads= section->num_doodads;
+    }
+    else {
+	old= geom->doodads;
+	nDoodads= geom->num_doodads;
+    }
+    for (i=0,doodad=old;i<nDoodads;i++,doodad++) {
+	if (doodad->any.name==name)
+	    return doodad;
+    }
+    if (section) {
+	if ((section->num_doodads>=geom->sz_doodads)&&
+	    (_XkbAllocDoodads(section,1)!=Success)) {
+	    return NULL;
+	}
+	doodad= &section->doodads[section->num_doodads++];
+    }
+    else {
+	if ((geom->num_doodads>=geom->sz_doodads)&&
+					(_XkbAllocDoodads(geom,1)!=Success))
+	    return NULL;
+	doodad= &geom->doodads[geom->num_doodads++];
+    }
+    bzero(doodad,sizeof(XkbDoodadRec));
+    doodad->any.name= name;
+    return doodad;
+}
+
+XkbOverlayKeyPtr
+XkbAddGeomOverlayKey(	XkbOverlayPtr		overlay,
+			XkbOverlayRowPtr 	row,
+			char *			over,
+			char *			under)
+{
+register int	i;
+XkbOverlayKeyPtr key;
+XkbSectionPtr	section;
+XkbRowPtr	row_under;
+Bool		found;
+
+    if ((!overlay)||(!row)||(!over)||(!under))
+	return NULL;
+    section= overlay->section_under;
+    if (row->row_under>=section->num_rows)
+	return NULL;
+    row_under= &section->rows[row->row_under];
+    for (i=0,found=False;i<row_under->num_keys;i++) {
+	if (strncmp(under,row_under->keys[i].name.name,XkbKeyNameLength)==0) {
+	    found= True;
+	    break;
+	}
+    }
+    if (!found)
+   	return NULL;
+    if ((row->num_keys>=row->sz_keys)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,1)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    key= &row->keys[row->num_keys];
+    strncpy(key->under.name,under,XkbKeyNameLength);
+    strncpy(key->over.name,over,XkbKeyNameLength);
+    row->num_keys++;
+    return key;
+}
+
+XkbOverlayRowPtr
+XkbAddGeomOverlayRow(XkbOverlayPtr overlay,int row_under,int sz_keys)
+{
+register int		i;
+XkbOverlayRowPtr	row;
+
+    if ((!overlay)||(sz_keys<0))
+	return NULL;
+    if (row_under>=overlay->section_under->num_rows)
+	return NULL;
+    for (i=0;i<overlay->num_rows;i++) {
+	if (overlay->rows[i].row_under==row_under) {
+	    row= &overlay->rows[i];
+	    if ((row->sz_keys<sz_keys)&&
+				(_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,sz_keys)!=Success)) {
+		return NULL;
+	    }
+	    return &overlay->rows[i];
+	}
+    }
+    if ((overlay->num_rows>=overlay->sz_rows)&&
+				(_XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,1)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    row= &overlay->rows[overlay->num_rows];
+    bzero(row,sizeof(XkbOverlayRowRec));
+    if ((sz_keys>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayKeys(row,sz_keys)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    row->row_under= row_under;
+    overlay->num_rows++;
+    return row;
+}
+
+XkbOverlayPtr
+XkbAddGeomOverlay(XkbSectionPtr section,Atom name,int sz_rows)
+{
+register int	i;
+XkbOverlayPtr	overlay;
+
+    if ((!section)||(name==None)||(sz_rows==0))
+	return NULL;
+
+    for (i=0,overlay=section->overlays;i<section->num_overlays;i++,overlay++) {
+	if (overlay->name==name) {
+	    if ((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,sz_rows)!=Success))
+		return NULL;
+	    return overlay;
+	}
+    }
+    if ((section->num_overlays>=section->sz_overlays)&&
+				(_XkbAllocOverlays(section,1)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    overlay= &section->overlays[section->num_overlays];
+    if ((sz_rows>0)&&(_XkbAllocOverlayRows(overlay,sz_rows)!=Success))
+	return NULL;
+    overlay->name= name;
+    overlay->section_under= section;
+    section->num_overlays++;
+    return overlay;
+}
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultIMIF.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultIMIF.c
index c7a2fe9d3..e97d2f444 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultIMIF.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultIMIF.c
@@ -1,471 +1,469 @@
-/*

-Copyright 1985, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1998  The Open Group

-

-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a

-copy of this software and associated documentation files (the

-"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including

-without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,

-distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to

-permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to

-the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this

-permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial

-portions of the Software.

-

-

-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE

-OPEN GROUP BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN

-AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN

-CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE

-EVEN IF ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

-

-

-Except as contained in this notice, the name of The Open Group shall not be

-used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings

-in this Software without prior written authorization from The Open Group.

-

-

-X Window System is a trademark of The Open Group

-

-OSF/1, OSF/Motif and Motif are registered trademarks, and OSF, the OSF

-logo, LBX, X Window System, and Xinerama are trademarks of the Open

-Group. All other trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned herein

-are the property of their respective owners. No right, title or

-interest in or to any trademark, service mark, logo or trade name of

-Sun Microsystems, Inc. or its licensors is granted.

-

-*/

-/*

- * Copyright 2000 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

- *

- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a

- * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),

- * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation

- * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,

- * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the

- * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

- *

- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next

- * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the

- * Software.

- *

- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL

- * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER

- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING

- * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER

- * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

- */

-

-

-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H

-#include <config.h>

-#endif

-#include <stdio.h>

-#include "Xlibint.h"

-#include "Xlcint.h"

-#include "XlcGeneric.h"

-

-#ifndef MAXINT

-#define MAXINT          (~((unsigned int)1 << (8 * sizeof(int)) - 1))

-#endif /* !MAXINT */

-

-typedef struct _StaticXIM *StaticXIM;

-

-typedef struct _XIMStaticXIMRec {

-    /* for CT => MB,WC converter */

-    XlcConv		 ctom_conv;

-    XlcConv		 ctow_conv;

-} XIMStaticXIMRec;

-

-typedef enum {

-    CREATE_IC = 1,

-    SET_ICVAL = 2,

-    GET_ICVAL = 3

-} XICOp_t;

-

-typedef struct _StaticXIM {

-    XIMMethods		methods;

-    XIMCoreRec		core;

-    XIMStaticXIMRec	*private;

-} StaticXIMRec;

-

-static Status _CloseIM(

-	XIM

-);

-

-static char *_SetIMValues(

-	XIM, XIMArg *

-);

-

-static char *_GetIMValues(

-	XIM, XIMArg*

-);

-

-static XIC _CreateIC(

-	XIM, XIMArg*

-);

-

-static _Xconst XIMMethodsRec local_im_methods = {

-    _CloseIM,		/* close */

-    _SetIMValues,	/* set_values */

-    _GetIMValues, 	/* get_values */

-    _CreateIC,		/* create_ic */

-    NULL,		/* ctstombs */

-    NULL		/* ctstowcs */

-};

-

-static void _DestroyIC(

-		       XIC

-);

-static void _SetFocus(

-		      XIC

-);

-static void _UnsetFocus(

-			XIC

-);

-static char* _SetICValues(

-			 XIC, XIMArg *

-);

-static char* _GetICValues(

-			 XIC, XIMArg *

-);

-static char *_MbReset(

-		      XIC

-);

-static wchar_t *_WcReset(

-			 XIC

-);

-static int _MbLookupString(

-	XIC, XKeyEvent *, char *, int, KeySym *, Status *

-);

-static int _WcLookupString(

-	XIC, XKeyEvent *, wchar_t *, int, KeySym *, Status *

-);

-

-static _Xconst XICMethodsRec local_ic_methods = {

-    _DestroyIC, 	/* destroy */

-    _SetFocus,		/* set_focus */

-    _UnsetFocus,	/* unset_focus */

-    _SetICValues,	/* set_values */

-    _GetICValues,	/* get_values */

-    _MbReset,		/* mb_reset */

-    _WcReset,		/* wc_reset */

-    NULL,		/* utf8_reset */		/* ??? */

-    _MbLookupString,	/* mb_lookup_string */

-    _WcLookupString,	/* wc_lookup_string */

-    NULL		/* utf8_lookup_string */	/* ??? */

-};

-

-XIM

-_XDefaultOpenIM(

-    XLCd                lcd,

-    Display             *dpy,

-    XrmDatabase         rdb,

-    char                *res_name,

-    char                *res_class)

-{

-    StaticXIM im;

-    XIMStaticXIMRec *local_impart;

-    XlcConv ctom_conv, ctow_conv;

-    int i;

-    char *mod;

-    char buf[BUFSIZ];

-

-    if (!(ctom_conv = _XlcOpenConverter(lcd,

-			XlcNCompoundText, lcd, XlcNMultiByte))) {

-	return((XIM)NULL);

-    }

-

-    if (!(ctow_conv = _XlcOpenConverter(lcd,

-			XlcNCompoundText, lcd, XlcNWideChar))) {

-	return((XIM)NULL);

-    }

-

-    if ((im = (StaticXIM)Xmalloc(sizeof(StaticXIMRec))) == (StaticXIM)NULL) {

-	return((XIM)NULL);

-    }

-    if ((local_impart = (XIMStaticXIMRec*)Xmalloc(sizeof(XIMStaticXIMRec)))

-	== (XIMStaticXIMRec *)NULL) {

-	Xfree(im);

-	return((XIM)NULL);

-    }

-    memset(im, 0, sizeof(StaticXIMRec));

-    memset(local_impart, 0, sizeof(XIMStaticXIMRec));

-

-    buf[0] = '\0';

-    i = 0;

-    if ((lcd->core->modifiers) && (*lcd->core->modifiers)) {

-#define	MODIFIER "@im="

-	mod = strstr(lcd->core->modifiers, MODIFIER);

-	if (mod) {

-	    mod += strlen(MODIFIER);

-	    while (*mod && *mod != '@' && i < BUFSIZ - 1) {

-		buf[i++] = *mod++;

-	    }

-	    buf[i] = '\0';

-	}

-    }

-#undef MODIFIER

-    if ((im->core.im_name = Xmalloc(i+1)) == NULL)

-	goto Error2;

-    strcpy(im->core.im_name, buf);

-

-    im->private = local_impart;

-    im->methods        = (XIMMethods)&local_im_methods;

-    im->core.lcd       = lcd;

-    im->core.ic_chain  = (XIC)NULL;

-    im->core.display   = dpy;

-    im->core.rdb       = rdb;

-    im->core.res_name  = NULL;

-    im->core.res_class = NULL;

-

-    local_impart->ctom_conv = ctom_conv;

-    local_impart->ctow_conv = ctow_conv;

-

-    if ((res_name != NULL) && (*res_name != '\0')){

-	im->core.res_name  = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(res_name)+1);

-	strcpy(im->core.res_name,res_name);

-    }

-    if ((res_class != NULL) && (*res_class != '\0')){

-	im->core.res_class = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(res_class)+1);

-	strcpy(im->core.res_class,res_class);

-    }

-

-    return (XIM)im;

-Error2 :

-    Xfree(im->private);

-    Xfree(im->core.im_name);

-    Xfree(im);

-    _XlcCloseConverter(ctom_conv);

-    _XlcCloseConverter(ctow_conv);

-    return(NULL);

-}

-

-static Status

-_CloseIM(XIM xim)

-{

-    StaticXIM im = (StaticXIM)xim;

-    _XlcCloseConverter(im->private->ctom_conv);

-    _XlcCloseConverter(im->private->ctow_conv);

-    XFree(im->private);

-    XFree(im->core.im_name);

-    if (im->core.res_name) XFree(im->core.res_name);

-    if (im->core.res_class) XFree(im->core.res_class);

-    return 1; /*bugID 4163122*/

-}

-

-static char *

-_SetIMValues(

-    XIM xim,

-    XIMArg *arg)

-{

-    return(arg->name);		/* evil */

-}

-

-static char *

-_GetIMValues(

-    XIM xim,

-    XIMArg *values)

-{

-    XIMArg *p;

-    XIMStyles *styles;

-

-    for (p = values; p->name != NULL; p++) {

-	if (strcmp(p->name, XNQueryInputStyle) == 0) {

-	    styles = (XIMStyles *)Xmalloc(sizeof(XIMStyles));

-	    *(XIMStyles **)p->value = styles;

-	    styles->count_styles = 1;

-	    styles->supported_styles =

-		(XIMStyle*)Xmalloc(styles->count_styles * sizeof(XIMStyle));

-	    styles->supported_styles[0] = (XIMPreeditNone | XIMStatusNone);

-	} else {

-	    break;

-	}

-    }

-    return (p->name);

-}

-

-static char*

-_SetICValueData(XIC ic, XIMArg *values, XICOp_t mode)

-{

-    XIMArg *p;

-    char *return_name = NULL;

-

-    for (p = values; p != NULL && p->name != NULL; p++) {

-	if(strcmp(p->name, XNInputStyle) == 0) {

-	    if (mode == CREATE_IC)

-		ic->core.input_style = (XIMStyle)p->value;

-	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNClientWindow) == 0) {

-	    ic->core.client_window = (Window)p->value ;

-	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNFocusWindow) == 0) {

-	    ic->core.focus_window = (Window)p->value ;

-	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNPreeditAttributes) == 0

-		   || strcmp(p->name, XNStatusAttributes) == 0) {

-            return_name = _SetICValueData(ic, (XIMArg*)p->value, mode);

-            if (return_name) break;

-        } else {

-            return_name = p->name;

-            break;

-        }

-    }

-    return(return_name);

-}

-

-static char*

-_GetICValueData(XIC ic, XIMArg *values, XICOp_t mode)

-{

-    XIMArg *p;

-    char *return_name = NULL;

-

-    for (p = values; p->name != NULL; p++) {

-	if(strcmp(p->name, XNInputStyle) == 0) {

-	    *((XIMStyle *)(p->value)) = ic->core.input_style;

-	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNClientWindow) == 0) {

-	    *((Window *)(p->value)) = ic->core.client_window;

-	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNFocusWindow) == 0) {

-	    *((Window *)(p->value)) = ic->core.focus_window;

-	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNFilterEvents) == 0) {

-	    *((unsigned long *)(p->value))= ic->core.filter_events;

-	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNPreeditAttributes) == 0

-		   || strcmp(p->name, XNStatusAttributes) == 0) {

-	    return_name = _GetICValueData(ic, (XIMArg*)p->value, mode);

-	    if (return_name) break;

-	} else {

-	    return_name = p->name;

-	    break;

-	}

-    }

-    return(return_name);

-}

-

-static XIC

-_CreateIC(XIM im, XIMArg *arg)

-{

-    XIC ic;

-

-    if ((ic = (XIC)Xmalloc(sizeof(XICRec))) == (XIC)NULL) {

-	return ((XIC)NULL);

-    }

-    memset(ic, 0, sizeof(XICRec));

-

-    ic->methods = (XICMethods)&local_ic_methods;

-    ic->core.im = im;

-    ic->core.filter_events = KeyPressMask;

-

-    if (_SetICValueData(ic, arg, CREATE_IC) != NULL)

-	goto err_return;

-    if (!(ic->core.input_style))

-	goto err_return;

-

-    return (XIC)ic;

-err_return:

-    XFree(ic);

-    return ((XIC)NULL);

-}

-

-static void

-_DestroyIC(XIC ic)

-{

-/*BugId4255571. This Xfree() should be removed because XDestroyIC() still need ic after invoking _DestroyIC() and there is a XFree(ic) at the end of XDestroyIC() already.

-   if(ic)

-   	XFree(ic); */

-}

-

-static void

-_SetFocus(XIC ic)

-{

-}

-

-static void

-_UnsetFocus(XIC ic)

-{

-}

-

-static char*

-_SetICValues(XIC ic, XIMArg *args)

-{

-    char *ret = NULL;

-    if (!ic) {

-        return (args->name);

-    }

-    ret = _SetICValueData(ic, args, SET_ICVAL);

-    return(ret);

-}

-

-static char*

-_GetICValues(XIC ic, XIMArg *args)

-{

-    char *ret = NULL;

-    if (!ic) {

-        return (args->name);

-    }

-    ret = _GetICValueData(ic, args, GET_ICVAL);

-    return(ret);

-}

-

-static char *

-_MbReset(XIC xic)

-{

-    return(NULL);

-}

-

-static wchar_t *

-_WcReset(XIC xic)

-{

-    return(NULL);

-}

-

-static int

-_MbLookupString(

-    XIC xic,

-    XKeyEvent *ev,

-    char * buffer,

-    int bytes,

-    KeySym *keysym,

-    Status *status)

-{

-    XComposeStatus NotSupportedYet ;

-    int length;

-

-    length = XLookupString(ev, buffer, bytes, keysym, &NotSupportedYet);

-

-    if (keysym && *keysym == NoSymbol){

-	*status = XLookupNone;

-    } else if (length > 0) {

-	*status = XLookupBoth;

-    } else {

-	*status = XLookupKeySym;

-    }

-    return(length);

-}

-

-static int

-_WcLookupString(

-    XIC xic,

-    XKeyEvent *ev,

-    wchar_t * buffer,

-    int wlen,

-    KeySym *keysym,

-    Status *status)

-{

-    XComposeStatus NotSupportedYet ;

-    int length;

-    /* In single-byte, mb_len = wc_len */

-    char *mb_buf = (char *)Xmalloc(wlen);

-

-    length = XLookupString(ev, mb_buf, wlen, keysym, &NotSupportedYet);

-

-    if (keysym && *keysym == NoSymbol){

-	*status = XLookupNone;

-    } else if (length > 0) {

-	*status = XLookupBoth;

-    } else {

-	*status = XLookupKeySym;

-    }

-    mbstowcs(buffer, mb_buf, length);

-    XFree(mb_buf);

-    return(length);

-}

+/*
+Copyright 1985, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1998  The Open Group
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this
+permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial
+portions of the Software.
+
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+OPEN GROUP BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE
+EVEN IF ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+
+Except as contained in this notice, the name of The Open Group shall not be
+used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings
+in this Software without prior written authorization from The Open Group.
+
+
+X Window System is a trademark of The Open Group
+
+OSF/1, OSF/Motif and Motif are registered trademarks, and OSF, the OSF
+logo, LBX, X Window System, and Xinerama are trademarks of the Open
+Group. All other trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned herein
+are the property of their respective owners. No right, title or
+interest in or to any trademark, service mark, logo or trade name of
+Sun Microsystems, Inc. or its licensors is granted.
+
+*/
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
+ * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
+ * Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "Xlibint.h"
+#include "Xlcint.h"
+#include "XlcGeneric.h"
+
+#ifndef MAXINT
+#define MAXINT          (~((unsigned int)1 << (8 * sizeof(int)) - 1))
+#endif /* !MAXINT */
+
+typedef struct _StaticXIM *StaticXIM;
+
+typedef struct _XIMStaticXIMRec {
+    /* for CT => MB,WC converter */
+    XlcConv		 ctom_conv;
+    XlcConv		 ctow_conv;
+} XIMStaticXIMRec;
+
+typedef enum {
+    CREATE_IC = 1,
+    SET_ICVAL = 2,
+    GET_ICVAL = 3
+} XICOp_t;
+
+typedef struct _StaticXIM {
+    XIMMethods		methods;
+    XIMCoreRec		core;
+    XIMStaticXIMRec	*private;
+} StaticXIMRec;
+
+static Status _CloseIM(
+	XIM
+);
+
+static char *_SetIMValues(
+	XIM, XIMArg *
+);
+
+static char *_GetIMValues(
+	XIM, XIMArg*
+);
+
+static XIC _CreateIC(
+	XIM, XIMArg*
+);
+
+static _Xconst XIMMethodsRec local_im_methods = {
+    _CloseIM,		/* close */
+    _SetIMValues,	/* set_values */
+    _GetIMValues, 	/* get_values */
+    _CreateIC,		/* create_ic */
+    NULL,		/* ctstombs */
+    NULL		/* ctstowcs */
+};
+
+static void _DestroyIC(
+		       XIC
+);
+static void _SetFocus(
+		      XIC
+);
+static void _UnsetFocus(
+			XIC
+);
+static char* _SetICValues(
+			 XIC, XIMArg *
+);
+static char* _GetICValues(
+			 XIC, XIMArg *
+);
+static char *_MbReset(
+		      XIC
+);
+static wchar_t *_WcReset(
+			 XIC
+);
+static int _MbLookupString(
+	XIC, XKeyEvent *, char *, int, KeySym *, Status *
+);
+static int _WcLookupString(
+	XIC, XKeyEvent *, wchar_t *, int, KeySym *, Status *
+);
+
+static _Xconst XICMethodsRec local_ic_methods = {
+    _DestroyIC, 	/* destroy */
+    _SetFocus,		/* set_focus */
+    _UnsetFocus,	/* unset_focus */
+    _SetICValues,	/* set_values */
+    _GetICValues,	/* get_values */
+    _MbReset,		/* mb_reset */
+    _WcReset,		/* wc_reset */
+    NULL,		/* utf8_reset */		/* ??? */
+    _MbLookupString,	/* mb_lookup_string */
+    _WcLookupString,	/* wc_lookup_string */
+    NULL		/* utf8_lookup_string */	/* ??? */
+};
+
+XIM
+_XDefaultOpenIM(
+    XLCd                lcd,
+    Display             *dpy,
+    XrmDatabase         rdb,
+    char                *res_name,
+    char                *res_class)
+{
+    StaticXIM im;
+    XIMStaticXIMRec *local_impart;
+    XlcConv ctom_conv, ctow_conv;
+    int i;
+    char *mod;
+    char buf[BUFSIZ];
+
+    if (!(ctom_conv = _XlcOpenConverter(lcd,
+			XlcNCompoundText, lcd, XlcNMultiByte))) {
+	return((XIM)NULL);
+    }
+
+    if (!(ctow_conv = _XlcOpenConverter(lcd,
+			XlcNCompoundText, lcd, XlcNWideChar))) {
+	return((XIM)NULL);
+    }
+
+    if ((im = (StaticXIM)Xmalloc(sizeof(StaticXIMRec))) == (StaticXIM)NULL) {
+	return((XIM)NULL);
+    }
+    if ((local_impart = (XIMStaticXIMRec*)Xmalloc(sizeof(XIMStaticXIMRec)))
+	== (XIMStaticXIMRec *)NULL) {
+	Xfree(im);
+	return((XIM)NULL);
+    }
+    memset(im, 0, sizeof(StaticXIMRec));
+    memset(local_impart, 0, sizeof(XIMStaticXIMRec));
+
+    buf[0] = '\0';
+    i = 0;
+    if ((lcd->core->modifiers) && (*lcd->core->modifiers)) {
+#define	MODIFIER "@im="
+	mod = strstr(lcd->core->modifiers, MODIFIER);
+	if (mod) {
+	    mod += strlen(MODIFIER);
+	    while (*mod && *mod != '@' && i < BUFSIZ - 1) {
+		buf[i++] = *mod++;
+	    }
+	    buf[i] = '\0';
+	}
+    }
+#undef MODIFIER
+    if ((im->core.im_name = Xmalloc(i+1)) == NULL)
+	goto Error2;
+    strcpy(im->core.im_name, buf);
+
+    im->private = local_impart;
+    im->methods        = (XIMMethods)&local_im_methods;
+    im->core.lcd       = lcd;
+    im->core.ic_chain  = (XIC)NULL;
+    im->core.display   = dpy;
+    im->core.rdb       = rdb;
+    im->core.res_name  = NULL;
+    im->core.res_class = NULL;
+
+    local_impart->ctom_conv = ctom_conv;
+    local_impart->ctow_conv = ctow_conv;
+
+    if ((res_name != NULL) && (*res_name != '\0')){
+	im->core.res_name  = strdup(res_name);
+    }
+    if ((res_class != NULL) && (*res_class != '\0')){
+	im->core.res_class = strdup(res_class);
+    }
+
+    return (XIM)im;
+Error2 :
+    Xfree(im->private);
+    Xfree(im->core.im_name);
+    Xfree(im);
+    _XlcCloseConverter(ctom_conv);
+    _XlcCloseConverter(ctow_conv);
+    return(NULL);
+}
+
+static Status
+_CloseIM(XIM xim)
+{
+    StaticXIM im = (StaticXIM)xim;
+    _XlcCloseConverter(im->private->ctom_conv);
+    _XlcCloseConverter(im->private->ctow_conv);
+    XFree(im->private);
+    XFree(im->core.im_name);
+    if (im->core.res_name) XFree(im->core.res_name);
+    if (im->core.res_class) XFree(im->core.res_class);
+    return 1; /*bugID 4163122*/
+}
+
+static char *
+_SetIMValues(
+    XIM xim,
+    XIMArg *arg)
+{
+    return(arg->name);		/* evil */
+}
+
+static char *
+_GetIMValues(
+    XIM xim,
+    XIMArg *values)
+{
+    XIMArg *p;
+    XIMStyles *styles;
+
+    for (p = values; p->name != NULL; p++) {
+	if (strcmp(p->name, XNQueryInputStyle) == 0) {
+	    styles = (XIMStyles *)Xmalloc(sizeof(XIMStyles));
+	    *(XIMStyles **)p->value = styles;
+	    styles->count_styles = 1;
+	    styles->supported_styles =
+		(XIMStyle*)Xmalloc(styles->count_styles * sizeof(XIMStyle));
+	    styles->supported_styles[0] = (XIMPreeditNone | XIMStatusNone);
+	} else {
+	    break;
+	}
+    }
+    return (p->name);
+}
+
+static char*
+_SetICValueData(XIC ic, XIMArg *values, XICOp_t mode)
+{
+    XIMArg *p;
+    char *return_name = NULL;
+
+    for (p = values; p != NULL && p->name != NULL; p++) {
+	if(strcmp(p->name, XNInputStyle) == 0) {
+	    if (mode == CREATE_IC)
+		ic->core.input_style = (XIMStyle)p->value;
+	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNClientWindow) == 0) {
+	    ic->core.client_window = (Window)p->value ;
+	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNFocusWindow) == 0) {
+	    ic->core.focus_window = (Window)p->value ;
+	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNPreeditAttributes) == 0
+		   || strcmp(p->name, XNStatusAttributes) == 0) {
+            return_name = _SetICValueData(ic, (XIMArg*)p->value, mode);
+            if (return_name) break;
+        } else {
+            return_name = p->name;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return(return_name);
+}
+
+static char*
+_GetICValueData(XIC ic, XIMArg *values, XICOp_t mode)
+{
+    XIMArg *p;
+    char *return_name = NULL;
+
+    for (p = values; p->name != NULL; p++) {
+	if(strcmp(p->name, XNInputStyle) == 0) {
+	    *((XIMStyle *)(p->value)) = ic->core.input_style;
+	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNClientWindow) == 0) {
+	    *((Window *)(p->value)) = ic->core.client_window;
+	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNFocusWindow) == 0) {
+	    *((Window *)(p->value)) = ic->core.focus_window;
+	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNFilterEvents) == 0) {
+	    *((unsigned long *)(p->value))= ic->core.filter_events;
+	} else if (strcmp(p->name, XNPreeditAttributes) == 0
+		   || strcmp(p->name, XNStatusAttributes) == 0) {
+	    return_name = _GetICValueData(ic, (XIMArg*)p->value, mode);
+	    if (return_name) break;
+	} else {
+	    return_name = p->name;
+	    break;
+	}
+    }
+    return(return_name);
+}
+
+static XIC
+_CreateIC(XIM im, XIMArg *arg)
+{
+    XIC ic;
+
+    if ((ic = (XIC)Xmalloc(sizeof(XICRec))) == (XIC)NULL) {
+	return ((XIC)NULL);
+    }
+    memset(ic, 0, sizeof(XICRec));
+
+    ic->methods = (XICMethods)&local_ic_methods;
+    ic->core.im = im;
+    ic->core.filter_events = KeyPressMask;
+
+    if (_SetICValueData(ic, arg, CREATE_IC) != NULL)
+	goto err_return;
+    if (!(ic->core.input_style))
+	goto err_return;
+
+    return (XIC)ic;
+err_return:
+    XFree(ic);
+    return ((XIC)NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+_DestroyIC(XIC ic)
+{
+/*BugId4255571. This Xfree() should be removed because XDestroyIC() still need ic after invoking _DestroyIC() and there is a XFree(ic) at the end of XDestroyIC() already.
+   if(ic)
+   	XFree(ic); */
+}
+
+static void
+_SetFocus(XIC ic)
+{
+}
+
+static void
+_UnsetFocus(XIC ic)
+{
+}
+
+static char*
+_SetICValues(XIC ic, XIMArg *args)
+{
+    char *ret = NULL;
+    if (!ic) {
+        return (args->name);
+    }
+    ret = _SetICValueData(ic, args, SET_ICVAL);
+    return(ret);
+}
+
+static char*
+_GetICValues(XIC ic, XIMArg *args)
+{
+    char *ret = NULL;
+    if (!ic) {
+        return (args->name);
+    }
+    ret = _GetICValueData(ic, args, GET_ICVAL);
+    return(ret);
+}
+
+static char *
+_MbReset(XIC xic)
+{
+    return(NULL);
+}
+
+static wchar_t *
+_WcReset(XIC xic)
+{
+    return(NULL);
+}
+
+static int
+_MbLookupString(
+    XIC xic,
+    XKeyEvent *ev,
+    char * buffer,
+    int bytes,
+    KeySym *keysym,
+    Status *status)
+{
+    XComposeStatus NotSupportedYet ;
+    int length;
+
+    length = XLookupString(ev, buffer, bytes, keysym, &NotSupportedYet);
+
+    if (keysym && *keysym == NoSymbol){
+	*status = XLookupNone;
+    } else if (length > 0) {
+	*status = XLookupBoth;
+    } else {
+	*status = XLookupKeySym;
+    }
+    return(length);
+}
+
+static int
+_WcLookupString(
+    XIC xic,
+    XKeyEvent *ev,
+    wchar_t * buffer,
+    int wlen,
+    KeySym *keysym,
+    Status *status)
+{
+    XComposeStatus NotSupportedYet ;
+    int length;
+    /* In single-byte, mb_len = wc_len */
+    char *mb_buf = (char *)Xmalloc(wlen);
+
+    length = XLookupString(ev, mb_buf, wlen, keysym, &NotSupportedYet);
+
+    if (keysym && *keysym == NoSymbol){
+	*status = XLookupNone;
+    } else if (length > 0) {
+	*status = XLookupBoth;
+    } else {
+	*status = XLookupKeySym;
+    }
+    mbstowcs(buffer, mb_buf, length);
+    XFree(mb_buf);
+    return(length);
+}
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultOMIF.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultOMIF.c
index ae8ac79e4..b1dc66df6 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultOMIF.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XDefaultOMIF.c
@@ -128,10 +128,9 @@ init_fontset(
 
     data = XOM_GENERIC(oc->core.om)->data;
 
-    font_set = (FontSet) Xmalloc(sizeof(FontSetRec));
+    font_set = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(FontSetRec));
     if (font_set == NULL)
 	return False;
-    bzero((char *) font_set, sizeof(FontSetRec));
 
     gen = XOC_GENERIC(oc);
     gen->font_set = font_set;
@@ -217,9 +216,8 @@ check_fontname(
 		fname = prop_fname;
 	}
 	if (data) {
-	    font_set->font_name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(fname) + 1);
+	    font_set->font_name = strdup(fname);
 	    if (font_set->font_name) {
-		strcpy(font_set->font_name, fname);
 		found_num++;
 	    }
 	}
@@ -388,9 +386,7 @@ get_font_name(
 
     list = XListFonts(dpy, pattern, 1, &count);
     if (list != NULL) {
-	name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(*list) + 1);
-	if (name)
-	    strcpy(name, *list);
+	name = strdup(*list);
 
 	XFreeFontNames(list);
     } else {
@@ -460,13 +456,11 @@ parse_fontname(
 	    if (font_data == NULL)
 		continue;
 
-	    font_set->font_name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(font_name) + 1);
+	    font_set->font_name = strdup(font_name);
+	    Xfree(font_name);
 	    if (font_set->font_name == NULL) {
-		Xfree(font_name);
 		goto err;
 	    }
-	    strcpy(font_set->font_name, font_name);
-	    Xfree(font_name);
 	    found_num++;
 	    goto found;
 	}
@@ -549,11 +543,10 @@ Limit the length of the string copy to prevent stack corruption.
 	}
     }
   found:
-    base_name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(oc->core.base_name_list) + 1);
+    base_name = strdup(oc->core.base_name_list);
     if (base_name == NULL)
 	goto err;
 
-    strcpy(base_name, oc->core.base_name_list);
     oc->core.base_name_list = base_name;
 
     XFreeStringList(name_list);
@@ -1005,10 +998,9 @@ create_oc(
 {
     XOC oc;
 
-    oc = (XOC) Xmalloc(sizeof(XOCGenericRec));
+    oc = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XOCGenericRec));
     if (oc == NULL)
 	return (XOC) NULL;
-    bzero((char *) oc, sizeof(XOCGenericRec));
 
     oc->core.om = om;
 
@@ -1126,15 +1118,13 @@ add_data(
     XOMGenericPart *gen = XOM_GENERIC(om);
     OMData new;
 
-    new = (OMData) Xmalloc(sizeof(OMDataRec));
+    new = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(OMDataRec));
 
     if (new == NULL)
         return NULL;
 
     gen->data = new;
 
-    bzero((char *) new, sizeof(OMDataRec));
-
     return new;
 }
 
@@ -1168,10 +1158,9 @@ init_om(
     if (data == NULL)
 	return False;
 
-    font_data = (FontData) Xmalloc(sizeof(FontDataRec) * count);
+    font_data = Xcalloc(count, sizeof(FontDataRec));
     if (font_data == NULL)
 	return False;
-    bzero((char *) font_data, sizeof(FontDataRec) * count);
     data->font_data = font_data;
     data->font_data_count = count;
 
@@ -1182,10 +1171,9 @@ This one is fine.  *value points to one of the local strings in
 supported_charset_list[].
 */
 	strcpy(buf, *value++);
-	font_data->name = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(buf) + 1);
+	font_data->name = strdup(buf);
 	if (font_data->name == NULL)
 	    return False;
-	strcpy(font_data->name, buf);
     }
 
     length += strlen(data->font_data->name) + 1;
@@ -1237,26 +1225,23 @@ _XDefaultOpenOM(XLCd lcd, Display *dpy, XrmDatabase rdb,
 {
     XOM om;
 
-    om = (XOM) Xmalloc(sizeof(XOMGenericRec));
+    om = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XOMGenericRec));
     if (om == NULL)
 	return (XOM) NULL;
-    bzero((char *) om, sizeof(XOMGenericRec));
 
     om->methods = (XOMMethods)&methods;
     om->core.lcd = lcd;
     om->core.display = dpy;
     om->core.rdb = rdb;
     if (res_name) {
-	om->core.res_name = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(res_name) + 1);
+	om->core.res_name = strdup(res_name);
 	if (om->core.res_name == NULL)
 	    goto err;
-	strcpy(om->core.res_name, res_name);
     }
     if (res_class) {
-	om->core.res_class = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(res_class) + 1);
+	om->core.res_class = strdup(res_class);
 	if (om->core.res_class == NULL)
 	    goto err;
-	strcpy(om->core.res_class, res_class);
     }
 
     if (om_resources[0].xrm_name == NULLQUARK)
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XlcDL.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XlcDL.c
index 58e9ade87..75e193c05 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XlcDL.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/XlcDL.c
@@ -1,652 +1,612 @@
-/*

-Copyright 1985, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1998  The Open Group

-

-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a

-copy of this software and associated documentation files (the

-"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including

-without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,

-distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to

-permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to

-the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this

-permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial

-portions of the Software.

-

-

-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE

-OPEN GROUP BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN

-AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN

-CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE

-EVEN IF ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

-

-

-Except as contained in this notice, the name of The Open Group shall not be

-used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings

-in this Software without prior written authorization from The Open Group.

-

-

-X Window System is a trademark of The Open Group

-

-OSF/1, OSF/Motif and Motif are registered trademarks, and OSF, the OSF

-logo, LBX, X Window System, and Xinerama are trademarks of the Open

-Group. All other trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned herein

-are the property of their respective owners. No right, title or

-interest in or to any trademark, service mark, logo or trade name of

-Sun Microsystems, Inc. or its licensors is granted.

-

-*/

-/*

- * Copyright 2000 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

- *

- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a

- * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),

- * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation

- * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,

- * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the

- * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

- *

- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next

- * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the

- * Software.

- *

- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL

- * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER

- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING

- * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER

- * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

- */

-

-

-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H

-# include <config.h>

-#else

-# if defined(hpux)

-#  define HAVE_DL_H

-# else

-#  define HAVE_DLFCN_H

-# endif

-#endif

-

-#include <stdio.h>

-

-#ifdef HAVE_DL_H

-#include <dl.h>

-#endif

-

-#ifdef HAVE_DLFCN_H

-#include <dlfcn.h>

-#endif

-

-#include <ctype.h>

-

-#include "Xlibint.h"

-#include "XlcPublic.h"

-#include "XlcPubI.h"

-

-#if defined(_LP64)  && defined(__sparcv9)

-# define	_MACH64_NAME		"sparcv9"

-#else

-# undef _MACH64_NAME

-#endif /* defined(_LP64)  && defined(__sparcv9) */

-

-#ifdef _MACH64_NAME

-#  define	_MACH64_NAME_LEN	(sizeof (_MACH64_NAME) - 1)

-#endif

-

-#define XI18N_DLREL		2

-

-#define	iscomment(ch)	((ch) == '\0' || (ch) == '#')

-

-typedef enum {

-  XLC_OBJECT,

-  XIM_OBJECT,

-  XOM_OBJECT

-} XI18NDLType;

-

-typedef struct {

-  XI18NDLType type;

-  int	locale_name_len;

-  char *locale_name;

-  char *dl_name;

-  char *open;

-  char *im_register;

-  char *im_unregister;

-  int dl_release;

-  unsigned int refcount;

-#if defined(hpux)

-  shl_t dl_module;

-#else

-  void *dl_module;

-#endif

-} XI18NObjectsListRec, *XI18NObjectsList;

-

-#define OBJECT_INIT_LEN 8

-#define OBJECT_INC_LEN 4

-static int lc_len = 0;

-static XI18NObjectsListRec *xi18n_objects_list = NULL;

-static int lc_count = 0;

-

-static int

-parse_line(char *line, char **argv, int argsize)

-{

-    int argc = 0;

-    char *p = line;

-

-    while (argc < argsize) {

-	while (isspace(*p)) {

-	    ++p;

-	}

-	if (iscomment(*p)){

-	    break;

-	}

-	argv[argc++] = p;

-	while (!isspace(*p)) {

-	    ++p;

-	}

-	if (iscomment(*p)) {

-	    break;

-	}

-	*p++ = '\0';

-    }

-    return argc;

-}

-

-static char *

-strdup_with_underscore(const char *symbol)

-{

-	char *result;

-

-	if ((result = malloc(strlen(symbol) + 2)) == NULL)

-		return NULL;

-	result[0] = '_';

-	strcpy(result + 1, symbol);

-	return result;

-}

-

-#ifndef hpux

-static void *

-try_both_dlsym (void *handle, char *name)

-{

-    void    *ret;

-

-    ret = dlsym (handle, name);

-    if (!ret)

-    {

-	 name = strdup_with_underscore (name);

-	 if (name)

-	 {

-	     ret = dlsym (handle, name);

-	     free (name);

-	 }

-    }

-    return ret;

-}

-#endif

-

-static void

-resolve_object(char *path, const char *lc_name)

-{

-    char filename[BUFSIZ];

-    FILE *fp;

-    char buf[BUFSIZ];

-

-    if (lc_len == 0) { /* True only for the 1st time */

-      lc_len = OBJECT_INIT_LEN;

-      xi18n_objects_list = (XI18NObjectsList)

-	  Xmalloc(sizeof(XI18NObjectsListRec) * lc_len);

-      if (!xi18n_objects_list) return;

-    }

-/*

-1266793

-Limit the length of path to prevent stack buffer corruption.

-    sprintf(filename, "%s/%s", path, "XI18N_OBJS");

-*/

-    sprintf(filename, "%.*s/%s", BUFSIZ - 12, path, "XI18N_OBJS");

-    fp = fopen(filename, "r");

-    if (fp == (FILE *)NULL){

-	return;

-    }

-

-    while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, fp) != NULL){

-	char *p = buf;

-	int n;

-	char *args[6];

-	while (isspace(*p)){

-	    ++p;

-	}

-	if (iscomment(*p)){

-	    continue;

-	}

-

-	if (lc_count == lc_len) {

-	  lc_len += OBJECT_INC_LEN;

-	  xi18n_objects_list = (XI18NObjectsList)

-	    Xrealloc(xi18n_objects_list,

-		     sizeof(XI18NObjectsListRec) * lc_len);

-	  if (!xi18n_objects_list) return;

-	}

-	n = parse_line(p, args, 6);

-

-	if (n == 3 || n == 5) {

-	  if (!strcmp(args[0], "XLC")){

-	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].type = XLC_OBJECT;

-	  } else if (!strcmp(args[0], "XOM")){

-	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].type = XOM_OBJECT;

-	  } else if (!strcmp(args[0], "XIM")){

-	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].type = XIM_OBJECT;

-	  }

-	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].dl_name = strdup(args[1]);

-	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].open = strdup(args[2]);

-	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].dl_release = XI18N_DLREL;

-	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].locale_name = strdup(lc_name);

-	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].refcount = 0;

-	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].dl_module = (void*)NULL;

-	  if (n == 5) {

-	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_register = strdup(args[3]);

-	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_unregister = strdup(args[4]);

-	  } else {

-	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_register = NULL;

-	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_unregister = NULL;

-	  }

-	  lc_count++;

-	}

-    }

-    fclose(fp);

-}

-

-static char*

-__lc_path(const char *dl_name, const char *lc_dir)

-{

-    char *path;

-    size_t len;

-

-    /*

-     * reject this for possible security issue

-     */

-    if (strstr (dl_name, "../"))

-	return NULL;

-

-#if defined (_LP64) && defined (_MACH64_NAME)

-    len = (lc_dir ? strlen(lc_dir) : 0 ) +

-	(dl_name ? strlen(dl_name) : 0) + _MACH64_NAME_LEN + 10;

-    path = Xmalloc(len + 1);

-

-    if (strchr(dl_name, '/') != NULL) {

-	char *tmp = strdup(dl_name);

-	char *dl_dir, *dl_file;

-	char *slash_p;

-	slash_p = strchr(tmp, '/');

-	*slash_p = '\0';

-	dl_dir = tmp;

-	dl_file = ++slash_p;

-

-	slash_p = strrchr(lc_dir, '/');

-	*slash_p = '\0';

-	strcpy(path, lc_dir); strcat(path, "/");

-	strcat(path, dl_dir); strcat(path, "/");

-	strcat(path, _MACH64_NAME); strcat(path, "/");

-	strcat(path, dl_file); strcat(path, ".so.2");

-

-	*slash_p = '/';

-	Xfree(tmp);

-    } else {

-	strcpy(path, lc_dir); strcat(path, "/");

-	strcat(path, _MACH64_NAME); strcat(path, "/");

-	strcat(path, dl_name); strcat(path, ".so.2");

-    }

-#else

-    len = (lc_dir ? strlen(lc_dir) : 0 ) +

-	(dl_name ? strlen(dl_name) : 0) + 10;

-#if defined POSTLOCALELIBDIR

-    len += (strlen(POSTLOCALELIBDIR) + 1);

-#endif

-    path = Xmalloc(len + 1);

-

-    if (strchr(dl_name, '/') != NULL) {

-	char *slash_p;

-	slash_p = strrchr(lc_dir, '/');

-	*slash_p = '\0';

-	strcpy(path, lc_dir); strcat(path, "/");

-#if defined POSTLOCALELIBDIR

-	strcat(path, POSTLOCALELIBDIR); strcat(path, "/");

-#endif

-	strcat(path, dl_name); strcat(path, ".so.2");

-	*slash_p = '/';

-    } else {

-	strcpy(path, lc_dir); strcat(path, "/");

-#if defined POSTLOCALELIBDIR

-	strcat(path, POSTLOCALELIBDIR); strcat(path, "/");

-#endif

-	strcat(path, dl_name); strcat(path, ".so.2");

-    }

-#endif

-    return path;

-}

-

-/* We reference count dlopen() and dlclose() of modules; unfortunately,

- * since XCloseIM, XCloseOM, XlcClose aren't wrapped, but directly

- * call the close method of the object, we leak a reference count every

- * time we open then close a module. Fixing this would require

- * either creating proxy objects or hooks for close_im/close_om

- * in XLCd

- */

-static Bool

-open_object(

-     XI18NObjectsList object,

-     char *lc_dir)

-{

-  char *path;

-

-  if (object->refcount == 0) {

-      path = __lc_path(object->dl_name, lc_dir);

-      if (!path)

-	  return False;

-#if defined(hpux)

-      object->dl_module = shl_load(path, BIND_DEFERRED, 0L);

-#else

-      object->dl_module = dlopen(path, RTLD_LAZY);

-#endif

-      Xfree(path);

-

-      if (!object->dl_module)

-	  return False;

-    }

-

-  object->refcount++;

-  return True;

-}

-

-static void *

-fetch_symbol(

-     XI18NObjectsList object,

-     char *symbol)

-{

-    void *result = NULL;

-#if defined(hpux)

-    int getsyms_cnt, i;

-    struct shl_symbol *symbols;

-#endif

-

-    if (symbol == NULL)

-    	return NULL;

-

-#if defined(hpux)

-    getsyms_cnt = shl_getsymbols(object->dl_module, TYPE_PROCEDURE,

-				 EXPORT_SYMBOLS, malloc, &symbols);

-

-    for(i=0; i<getsyms_cnt; i++) {

-        if(!strcmp(symbols[i].name, symbol)) {

-	    result = symbols[i].value;

-	    break;

-         }

-    }

-

-    if(getsyms_cnt > 0) {

-        free(symbols);

-    }

-#else

-    result = try_both_dlsym(object->dl_module, symbol);

-#endif

-

-    return result;

-}

-

-static void

-close_object(XI18NObjectsList object)

-{

-  object->refcount--;

-  if (object->refcount == 0)

-    {

-#if defined(hpux)

-        shl_unload(object->dl_module);

-#else

-        dlclose(object->dl_module);

-#endif

-        object->dl_module = NULL;

-    }

-}

-

-

-typedef XLCd (*dynamicLoadProc)(const char *);

-

-XLCd

-_XlcDynamicLoad(const char *lc_name)

-{

-    XLCd lcd = (XLCd)NULL;

-    dynamicLoadProc lc_loader = (dynamicLoadProc)NULL;

-    int count;

-    XI18NObjectsList objects_list;

-    char lc_dir[BUFSIZE], lc_lib_dir[BUFSIZE];

-

-    if (lc_name == NULL) return (XLCd)NULL;

-

-    if (_XlcLocaleDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, (char *)lc_name) == (char *)NULL)

-        return (XLCd)NULL;

-    if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_lib_dir, BUFSIZE, (char *)lc_name) == (char*)NULL)

-	return (XLCd)NULL;

-

-    resolve_object(lc_dir, lc_name);

-    resolve_object(lc_lib_dir, lc_name);

-

-    objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;

-    count = lc_count;

-    for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {

-        if (objects_list->type != XLC_OBJECT ||

-	    strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;

-	if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir) && \

-            !open_object (objects_list, lc_lib_dir))

-	    continue;

-

-	lc_loader = (dynamicLoadProc)fetch_symbol (objects_list, objects_list->open);

-	if (!lc_loader) continue;

-	lcd = (*lc_loader)(lc_name);

-	if (lcd != (XLCd)NULL) {

-	    break;

-	}

-

-	close_object (objects_list);

-    }

-    return (XLCd)lcd;

-}

-

-

-typedef XIM (*dynamicOpenProcp)(XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, char *, char *);

-

-static XIM

-_XDynamicOpenIM(XLCd lcd, Display *display, XrmDatabase rdb,

-		char *res_name, char *res_class)

-{

-  XIM im = (XIM)NULL;

-  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];

-  char *lc_name;

-  dynamicOpenProcp im_openIM = (dynamicOpenProcp)NULL;

-  int count;

-  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;

-

-  lc_name = lcd->core->name;

-

-  if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return (XIM)0;

-

-  count = lc_count;

-  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {

-    if (objects_list->type != XIM_OBJECT ||

-	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;

-

-    if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir))

-        continue;

-

-    im_openIM = (dynamicOpenProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list, objects_list->open);

-    if (!im_openIM) continue;

-    im = (*im_openIM)(lcd, display, rdb, res_name, res_class);

-    if (im != (XIM)NULL) {

-        break;

-    }

-

-    close_object (objects_list);

-  }

-  return (XIM)im;

-}

-

-typedef Bool (*dynamicRegisterCBProcp)(

-    XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, char *, char *, XIDProc, XPointer);

-

-static Bool

-_XDynamicRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(

-    XLCd	 lcd,

-    Display	*display,

-    XrmDatabase	 rdb,

-    char	*res_name,

-    char        *res_class,

-    XIDProc	 callback,

-    XPointer	 client_data)

-{

-  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];

-  char *lc_name;

-  dynamicRegisterCBProcp im_registerIM = (dynamicRegisterCBProcp)NULL;

-  Bool ret_flag = False;

-  int count;

-  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;

-#if defined(hpux)

-  int getsyms_cnt, i;

-  struct shl_symbol *symbols;

-#endif

-

-  lc_name = lcd->core->name;

-

-  if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return False;

-

-  count = lc_count;

-  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {

-    if (objects_list->type != XIM_OBJECT ||

-	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;

-

-    if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir))

-        continue;

-    im_registerIM = (dynamicRegisterCBProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list,

-					    objects_list->im_register);

-    if (!im_registerIM) continue;

-    ret_flag = (*im_registerIM)(lcd, display, rdb,

-				res_name, res_class,

-				callback, client_data);

-    if (ret_flag) break;

-

-    close_object (objects_list);

-  }

-  return (Bool)ret_flag;

-}

-

-typedef Bool (*dynamicUnregisterProcp)(

-    XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, char *, char *, XIDProc, XPointer);

-

-static Bool

-_XDynamicUnRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(

-    XLCd	 lcd,

-    Display	*display,

-    XrmDatabase	 rdb,

-    char	*res_name,

-    char        *res_class,

-    XIDProc	 callback,

-    XPointer	 client_data)

-{

-  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];

-  char *lc_name;

-  dynamicUnregisterProcp im_unregisterIM = (dynamicUnregisterProcp)NULL;

-  Bool ret_flag = False;

-  int count;

-  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;

-#if defined(hpux)

-  int getsyms_cnt, i;

-  struct shl_symbol *symbols;

-#endif

-

-  lc_name = lcd->core->name;

-  if (_XlcLocaleDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return False;

-

-  count = lc_count;

-  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {

-    if (objects_list->type != XIM_OBJECT ||

-	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;

-

-    if (!objects_list->refcount) /* Must already be opened */

-        continue;

-

-    im_unregisterIM = (dynamicUnregisterProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list,

-					      objects_list->im_unregister);

-

-    if (!im_unregisterIM) continue;

-    ret_flag = (*im_unregisterIM)(lcd, display, rdb,

-				  res_name, res_class,

-				  callback, client_data);

-    if (ret_flag) {

-        close_object (objects_list); /* opened in RegisterIMInstantiateCallback */

-	break;

-    }

-  }

-  return (Bool)ret_flag;

-}

-

-Bool

-_XInitDynamicIM(XLCd lcd)

-{

-    if(lcd == (XLCd)NULL)

-	return False;

-    lcd->methods->open_im = _XDynamicOpenIM;

-    lcd->methods->register_callback = _XDynamicRegisterIMInstantiateCallback;

-    lcd->methods->unregister_callback = _XDynamicUnRegisterIMInstantiateCallback;

-    return True;

-}

-

-

-typedef XOM (*dynamicIOpenProcp)(

-        XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, _Xconst char *, _Xconst char *);

-

-static XOM

-_XDynamicOpenOM(XLCd lcd, Display *display, XrmDatabase rdb,

-		_Xconst char *res_name, _Xconst char *res_class)

-{

-  XOM om = (XOM)NULL;

-  int count;

-  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];

-  char *lc_name;

-  dynamicIOpenProcp om_openOM = (dynamicIOpenProcp)NULL;

-  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;

-#if defined(hpux)

-  int getsyms_cnt, i;

-  struct shl_symbol *symbols;

-#endif

-

-  lc_name = lcd->core->name;

-

-  if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return (XOM)0;

-

-  count = lc_count;

-  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {

-    if (objects_list->type != XOM_OBJECT ||

-	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;

-    if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir))

-        continue;

-

-    om_openOM = (dynamicIOpenProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list, objects_list->open);

-    if (!om_openOM) continue;

-    om = (*om_openOM)(lcd, display, rdb, res_name, res_class);

-    if (om != (XOM)NULL) {

-        break;

-    }

-    close_object(objects_list);

-  }

-  return (XOM)om;

-}

-

-Bool

-_XInitDynamicOM(XLCd lcd)

-{

-    if(lcd == (XLCd)NULL)

-	return False;

-

-    lcd->methods->open_om = _XDynamicOpenOM;

-

-    return True;

-}

+/*
+Copyright 1985, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1998  The Open Group
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this
+permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial
+portions of the Software.
+
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+OPEN GROUP BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE
+EVEN IF ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+
+Except as contained in this notice, the name of The Open Group shall not be
+used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings
+in this Software without prior written authorization from The Open Group.
+
+
+X Window System is a trademark of The Open Group
+
+OSF/1, OSF/Motif and Motif are registered trademarks, and OSF, the OSF
+logo, LBX, X Window System, and Xinerama are trademarks of the Open
+Group. All other trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned herein
+are the property of their respective owners. No right, title or
+interest in or to any trademark, service mark, logo or trade name of
+Sun Microsystems, Inc. or its licensors is granted.
+
+*/
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
+ * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
+ * Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+# include <config.h>
+#else
+# if defined(hpux)
+#  define HAVE_DL_H
+# else
+#  define HAVE_DLFCN_H
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#ifdef HAVE_DL_H
+#include <dl.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_DLFCN_H
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#include "Xlibint.h"
+#include "XlcPublic.h"
+#include "XlcPubI.h"
+
+#define XI18N_DLREL		2
+
+#define	iscomment(ch)	((ch) == '\0' || (ch) == '#')
+
+typedef enum {
+  XLC_OBJECT,
+  XIM_OBJECT,
+  XOM_OBJECT
+} XI18NDLType;
+
+typedef struct {
+  XI18NDLType type;
+  int	locale_name_len;
+  char *locale_name;
+  char *dl_name;
+  char *open;
+  char *im_register;
+  char *im_unregister;
+  int dl_release;
+  unsigned int refcount;
+#if defined(hpux)
+  shl_t dl_module;
+#else
+  void *dl_module;
+#endif
+} XI18NObjectsListRec, *XI18NObjectsList;
+
+#define OBJECT_INIT_LEN 8
+#define OBJECT_INC_LEN 4
+static int lc_len = 0;
+static XI18NObjectsListRec *xi18n_objects_list = NULL;
+static int lc_count = 0;
+
+static int
+parse_line(char *line, char **argv, int argsize)
+{
+    int argc = 0;
+    char *p = line;
+
+    while (argc < argsize) {
+	while (isspace(*p)) {
+	    ++p;
+	}
+	if (iscomment(*p)){
+	    break;
+	}
+	argv[argc++] = p;
+	while (!isspace(*p)) {
+	    ++p;
+	}
+	if (iscomment(*p)) {
+	    break;
+	}
+	*p++ = '\0';
+    }
+    return argc;
+}
+
+static char *
+strdup_with_underscore(const char *symbol)
+{
+	char *result;
+
+	if ((result = malloc(strlen(symbol) + 2)) == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	result[0] = '_';
+	strcpy(result + 1, symbol);
+	return result;
+}
+
+#ifndef hpux
+static void *
+try_both_dlsym (void *handle, char *name)
+{
+    void    *ret;
+
+    ret = dlsym (handle, name);
+    if (!ret)
+    {
+	 name = strdup_with_underscore (name);
+	 if (name)
+	 {
+	     ret = dlsym (handle, name);
+	     free (name);
+	 }
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+#endif
+
+static void
+resolve_object(char *path, const char *lc_name)
+{
+    char filename[BUFSIZ];
+    FILE *fp;
+    char buf[BUFSIZ];
+
+    if (lc_len == 0) { /* True only for the 1st time */
+      lc_len = OBJECT_INIT_LEN;
+      xi18n_objects_list = (XI18NObjectsList)
+	  Xmalloc(sizeof(XI18NObjectsListRec) * lc_len);
+      if (!xi18n_objects_list) return;
+    }
+/*
+1266793
+Limit the length of path to prevent stack buffer corruption.
+    sprintf(filename, "%s/%s", path, "XI18N_OBJS");
+*/
+    sprintf(filename, "%.*s/%s", BUFSIZ - 12, path, "XI18N_OBJS");
+    fp = fopen(filename, "r");
+    if (fp == (FILE *)NULL){
+	return;
+    }
+
+    while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, fp) != NULL){
+	char *p = buf;
+	int n;
+	char *args[6];
+	while (isspace(*p)){
+	    ++p;
+	}
+	if (iscomment(*p)){
+	    continue;
+	}
+
+	if (lc_count == lc_len) {
+	  lc_len += OBJECT_INC_LEN;
+	  xi18n_objects_list = (XI18NObjectsList)
+	    Xrealloc(xi18n_objects_list,
+		     sizeof(XI18NObjectsListRec) * lc_len);
+	  if (!xi18n_objects_list) return;
+	}
+	n = parse_line(p, args, 6);
+
+	if (n == 3 || n == 5) {
+	  if (!strcmp(args[0], "XLC")){
+	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].type = XLC_OBJECT;
+	  } else if (!strcmp(args[0], "XOM")){
+	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].type = XOM_OBJECT;
+	  } else if (!strcmp(args[0], "XIM")){
+	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].type = XIM_OBJECT;
+	  }
+	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].dl_name = strdup(args[1]);
+	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].open = strdup(args[2]);
+	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].dl_release = XI18N_DLREL;
+	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].locale_name = strdup(lc_name);
+	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].refcount = 0;
+	  xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].dl_module = (void*)NULL;
+	  if (n == 5) {
+	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_register = strdup(args[3]);
+	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_unregister = strdup(args[4]);
+	  } else {
+	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_register = NULL;
+	    xi18n_objects_list[lc_count].im_unregister = NULL;
+	  }
+	  lc_count++;
+	}
+    }
+    fclose(fp);
+}
+
+static char*
+__lc_path(const char *dl_name, const char *lc_dir)
+{
+    char *path;
+    size_t len;
+
+    /*
+     * reject this for possible security issue
+     */
+    if (strstr (dl_name, "../"))
+	return NULL;
+
+    len = (lc_dir ? strlen(lc_dir) : 0 ) +
+	(dl_name ? strlen(dl_name) : 0) + 10;
+#if defined POSTLOCALELIBDIR
+    len += (strlen(POSTLOCALELIBDIR) + 1);
+#endif
+    path = Xmalloc(len + 1);
+
+    if (strchr(dl_name, '/') != NULL) {
+	char *slash_p;
+	slash_p = strrchr(lc_dir, '/');
+	*slash_p = '\0';
+	strcpy(path, lc_dir); strcat(path, "/");
+#if defined POSTLOCALELIBDIR
+	strcat(path, POSTLOCALELIBDIR); strcat(path, "/");
+#endif
+	strcat(path, dl_name); strcat(path, ".so.2");
+	*slash_p = '/';
+    } else {
+	strcpy(path, lc_dir); strcat(path, "/");
+#if defined POSTLOCALELIBDIR
+	strcat(path, POSTLOCALELIBDIR); strcat(path, "/");
+#endif
+	strcat(path, dl_name); strcat(path, ".so.2");
+    }
+    return path;
+}
+
+/* We reference count dlopen() and dlclose() of modules; unfortunately,
+ * since XCloseIM, XCloseOM, XlcClose aren't wrapped, but directly
+ * call the close method of the object, we leak a reference count every
+ * time we open then close a module. Fixing this would require
+ * either creating proxy objects or hooks for close_im/close_om
+ * in XLCd
+ */
+static Bool
+open_object(
+     XI18NObjectsList object,
+     char *lc_dir)
+{
+  char *path;
+
+  if (object->refcount == 0) {
+      path = __lc_path(object->dl_name, lc_dir);
+      if (!path)
+	  return False;
+#if defined(hpux)
+      object->dl_module = shl_load(path, BIND_DEFERRED, 0L);
+#else
+      object->dl_module = dlopen(path, RTLD_LAZY);
+#endif
+      Xfree(path);
+
+      if (!object->dl_module)
+	  return False;
+    }
+
+  object->refcount++;
+  return True;
+}
+
+static void *
+fetch_symbol(
+     XI18NObjectsList object,
+     char *symbol)
+{
+    void *result = NULL;
+#if defined(hpux)
+    int getsyms_cnt, i;
+    struct shl_symbol *symbols;
+#endif
+
+    if (symbol == NULL)
+    	return NULL;
+
+#if defined(hpux)
+    getsyms_cnt = shl_getsymbols(object->dl_module, TYPE_PROCEDURE,
+				 EXPORT_SYMBOLS, malloc, &symbols);
+
+    for(i=0; i<getsyms_cnt; i++) {
+        if(!strcmp(symbols[i].name, symbol)) {
+	    result = symbols[i].value;
+	    break;
+         }
+    }
+
+    if(getsyms_cnt > 0) {
+        free(symbols);
+    }
+#else
+    result = try_both_dlsym(object->dl_module, symbol);
+#endif
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static void
+close_object(XI18NObjectsList object)
+{
+  object->refcount--;
+  if (object->refcount == 0)
+    {
+#if defined(hpux)
+        shl_unload(object->dl_module);
+#else
+        dlclose(object->dl_module);
+#endif
+        object->dl_module = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+
+typedef XLCd (*dynamicLoadProc)(const char *);
+
+XLCd
+_XlcDynamicLoad(const char *lc_name)
+{
+    XLCd lcd = (XLCd)NULL;
+    dynamicLoadProc lc_loader = (dynamicLoadProc)NULL;
+    int count;
+    XI18NObjectsList objects_list;
+    char lc_dir[BUFSIZE], lc_lib_dir[BUFSIZE];
+
+    if (lc_name == NULL) return (XLCd)NULL;
+
+    if (_XlcLocaleDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, (char *)lc_name) == (char *)NULL)
+        return (XLCd)NULL;
+    if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_lib_dir, BUFSIZE, (char *)lc_name) == (char*)NULL)
+	return (XLCd)NULL;
+
+    resolve_object(lc_dir, lc_name);
+    resolve_object(lc_lib_dir, lc_name);
+
+    objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;
+    count = lc_count;
+    for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {
+        if (objects_list->type != XLC_OBJECT ||
+	    strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;
+	if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir) && \
+            !open_object (objects_list, lc_lib_dir))
+	    continue;
+
+	lc_loader = (dynamicLoadProc)fetch_symbol (objects_list, objects_list->open);
+	if (!lc_loader) continue;
+	lcd = (*lc_loader)(lc_name);
+	if (lcd != (XLCd)NULL) {
+	    break;
+	}
+
+	close_object (objects_list);
+    }
+    return (XLCd)lcd;
+}
+
+
+typedef XIM (*dynamicOpenProcp)(XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, char *, char *);
+
+static XIM
+_XDynamicOpenIM(XLCd lcd, Display *display, XrmDatabase rdb,
+		char *res_name, char *res_class)
+{
+  XIM im = (XIM)NULL;
+  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];
+  char *lc_name;
+  dynamicOpenProcp im_openIM = (dynamicOpenProcp)NULL;
+  int count;
+  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;
+
+  lc_name = lcd->core->name;
+
+  if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return (XIM)0;
+
+  count = lc_count;
+  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {
+    if (objects_list->type != XIM_OBJECT ||
+	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;
+
+    if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir))
+        continue;
+
+    im_openIM = (dynamicOpenProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list, objects_list->open);
+    if (!im_openIM) continue;
+    im = (*im_openIM)(lcd, display, rdb, res_name, res_class);
+    if (im != (XIM)NULL) {
+        break;
+    }
+
+    close_object (objects_list);
+  }
+  return (XIM)im;
+}
+
+typedef Bool (*dynamicRegisterCBProcp)(
+    XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, char *, char *, XIDProc, XPointer);
+
+static Bool
+_XDynamicRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(
+    XLCd	 lcd,
+    Display	*display,
+    XrmDatabase	 rdb,
+    char	*res_name,
+    char        *res_class,
+    XIDProc	 callback,
+    XPointer	 client_data)
+{
+  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];
+  char *lc_name;
+  dynamicRegisterCBProcp im_registerIM = (dynamicRegisterCBProcp)NULL;
+  Bool ret_flag = False;
+  int count;
+  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;
+#if defined(hpux)
+  int getsyms_cnt, i;
+  struct shl_symbol *symbols;
+#endif
+
+  lc_name = lcd->core->name;
+
+  if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return False;
+
+  count = lc_count;
+  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {
+    if (objects_list->type != XIM_OBJECT ||
+	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;
+
+    if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir))
+        continue;
+    im_registerIM = (dynamicRegisterCBProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list,
+					    objects_list->im_register);
+    if (!im_registerIM) continue;
+    ret_flag = (*im_registerIM)(lcd, display, rdb,
+				res_name, res_class,
+				callback, client_data);
+    if (ret_flag) break;
+
+    close_object (objects_list);
+  }
+  return (Bool)ret_flag;
+}
+
+typedef Bool (*dynamicUnregisterProcp)(
+    XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, char *, char *, XIDProc, XPointer);
+
+static Bool
+_XDynamicUnRegisterIMInstantiateCallback(
+    XLCd	 lcd,
+    Display	*display,
+    XrmDatabase	 rdb,
+    char	*res_name,
+    char        *res_class,
+    XIDProc	 callback,
+    XPointer	 client_data)
+{
+  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];
+  char *lc_name;
+  dynamicUnregisterProcp im_unregisterIM = (dynamicUnregisterProcp)NULL;
+  Bool ret_flag = False;
+  int count;
+  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;
+#if defined(hpux)
+  int getsyms_cnt, i;
+  struct shl_symbol *symbols;
+#endif
+
+  lc_name = lcd->core->name;
+  if (_XlcLocaleDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return False;
+
+  count = lc_count;
+  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {
+    if (objects_list->type != XIM_OBJECT ||
+	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;
+
+    if (!objects_list->refcount) /* Must already be opened */
+        continue;
+
+    im_unregisterIM = (dynamicUnregisterProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list,
+					      objects_list->im_unregister);
+
+    if (!im_unregisterIM) continue;
+    ret_flag = (*im_unregisterIM)(lcd, display, rdb,
+				  res_name, res_class,
+				  callback, client_data);
+    if (ret_flag) {
+        close_object (objects_list); /* opened in RegisterIMInstantiateCallback */
+	break;
+    }
+  }
+  return (Bool)ret_flag;
+}
+
+Bool
+_XInitDynamicIM(XLCd lcd)
+{
+    if(lcd == (XLCd)NULL)
+	return False;
+    lcd->methods->open_im = _XDynamicOpenIM;
+    lcd->methods->register_callback = _XDynamicRegisterIMInstantiateCallback;
+    lcd->methods->unregister_callback = _XDynamicUnRegisterIMInstantiateCallback;
+    return True;
+}
+
+
+typedef XOM (*dynamicIOpenProcp)(
+        XLCd, Display *, XrmDatabase, _Xconst char *, _Xconst char *);
+
+static XOM
+_XDynamicOpenOM(XLCd lcd, Display *display, XrmDatabase rdb,
+		_Xconst char *res_name, _Xconst char *res_class)
+{
+  XOM om = (XOM)NULL;
+  int count;
+  char lc_dir[BUFSIZE];
+  char *lc_name;
+  dynamicIOpenProcp om_openOM = (dynamicIOpenProcp)NULL;
+  XI18NObjectsList objects_list = xi18n_objects_list;
+#if defined(hpux)
+  int getsyms_cnt, i;
+  struct shl_symbol *symbols;
+#endif
+
+  lc_name = lcd->core->name;
+
+  if (_XlcLocaleLibDirName(lc_dir, BUFSIZE, lc_name) == NULL) return (XOM)0;
+
+  count = lc_count;
+  for (; count-- > 0; objects_list++) {
+    if (objects_list->type != XOM_OBJECT ||
+	strcmp(objects_list->locale_name, lc_name)) continue;
+    if (!open_object (objects_list, lc_dir))
+        continue;
+
+    om_openOM = (dynamicIOpenProcp)fetch_symbol(objects_list, objects_list->open);
+    if (!om_openOM) continue;
+    om = (*om_openOM)(lcd, display, rdb, res_name, res_class);
+    if (om != (XOM)NULL) {
+        break;
+    }
+    close_object(objects_list);
+  }
+  return (XOM)om;
+}
+
+Bool
+_XInitDynamicOM(XLCd lcd)
+{
+    if(lcd == (XLCd)NULL)
+	return False;
+
+    lcd->methods->open_om = _XDynamicOpenOM;
+
+    return True;
+}
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcCharSet.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcCharSet.c
index 0fa39d869..5d287811c 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcCharSet.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcCharSet.c
@@ -176,10 +176,9 @@ _XlcCreateDefaultCharSet(
     const char *colon;
     char *tmp;
 
-    charset = (XlcCharSet) Xmalloc(sizeof(XlcCharSetRec));
+    charset = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XlcCharSetRec));
     if (charset == NULL)
 	return (XlcCharSet) NULL;
-    bzero((char *) charset, sizeof(XlcCharSetRec));
 
     name_len = strlen(name);
     ct_sequence_len = strlen(ct_sequence);
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcDB.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcDB.c
index afff17455..97b22ac44 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcDB.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcDB.c
@@ -591,26 +591,23 @@ store_to_database(
 	goto err;
     }
 
-    new = (Database)Xmalloc(sizeof(DatabaseRec));
+    new = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(DatabaseRec));
     if (new == (Database)NULL) {
 	goto err;
     }
-    bzero(new, sizeof(DatabaseRec));
 
-    new->category = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(parse_info.category) + 1);
+    new->category = strdup(parse_info.category);
     if (new->category == NULL) {
 	goto err;
     }
-    strcpy(new->category, parse_info.category);
 
     if (! construct_name(name, sizeof(name))) {
 	goto err;
     }
-    new->name = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(name) + 1);
+    new->name = strdup(name);
     if (new->name == NULL) {
 	goto err;
     }
-    strcpy(new->name, name);
     new->next = *db;
     new->value = parse_info.value;
     new->value_num = parse_info.value_num;
@@ -944,10 +941,9 @@ f_default(
     case S_NULL:
 	if (parse_info.category != NULL)
 	    goto err;
-	p = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(wordp) + 1);
+	p = strdup(wordp);
 	if (p == NULL)
 	    goto err;
-	strcpy(p, wordp);
 	parse_info.category = p;
 	parse_info.pre_state = S_CATEGORY;
 	break;
@@ -961,10 +957,9 @@ f_default(
 		break;
 	    }
 	}
-	p = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(wordp) + 1);
+	p = strdup(wordp);
 	if (p == NULL)
 	    goto err;
-	strcpy(p, wordp);
 	if (parse_info.name[parse_info.nest_depth] != NULL) {
 	    Xfree(parse_info.name[parse_info.nest_depth]);
 	}
@@ -1309,10 +1304,9 @@ _XlcCreateLocaleDataBase(
 	return (XPointer)NULL;
     }
     n = CountDatabase(database);
-    lc_db = (XlcDatabase)Xmalloc(sizeof(XlcDatabaseRec) * (n + 1));
+    lc_db = Xcalloc(n + 1, sizeof(XlcDatabaseRec));
     if (lc_db == (XlcDatabase)NULL)
 	goto err;
-    bzero(lc_db, sizeof(XlcDatabaseRec) * (n + 1));
     for (p = database, i = 0; p && i < n; p = p->next, ++i) {
 	lc_db[i].category_q = XrmStringToQuark(p->category);
 	lc_db[i].name_q = XrmStringToQuark(p->name);
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcFile.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcFile.c
index 18756c1ca..4e4439773 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcFile.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcFile.c
@@ -423,10 +423,7 @@ resolve_name(
 	    from = args[1], to = args[0];	/* right to left */
 	}
 	if (! strcmp(from, lc_name)) {
-	    name = Xmalloc(strlen(to) + 1);
-	    if (name != NULL) {
-		strcpy(name, to);
-	    }
+	    name = strdup(to);
 	    break;
 	}
     }
@@ -579,8 +576,7 @@ _XlcResolveLocaleName(
 
     if (name == NULL) {
 	/* vendor locale name == Xlocale name, no expansion of alias */
-	pub->siname = Xmalloc (strlen (lc_name) + 1);
-	strcpy (pub->siname, lc_name);
+	pub->siname = strdup (lc_name);
     } else {
 	pub->siname = name;
     }
@@ -729,8 +725,7 @@ _XlcLocaleDirName(char *dir_name, size_t dir_len, char *lc_name)
     last_dir_len = strlen (dir_name) + 1;
     last_dir_name = Xmalloc (last_dir_len);
     strcpy (last_dir_name, dir_name);
-    last_lc_name = Xmalloc (strlen (lc_name) + 1);
-    strcpy (last_lc_name, lc_name);
+    last_lc_name = strdup (lc_name);
 
     return dir_name;
 }
@@ -828,8 +823,7 @@ _XlcLocaleLibDirName(char *dir_name, size_t dir_len, char *lc_name)
     last_dir_len = strlen (dir_name) + 1;
     last_dir_name = Xmalloc (last_dir_len);
     strcpy (last_dir_name, dir_name);
-    last_lc_name = Xmalloc (strlen (lc_name) + 1);
-    strcpy (last_lc_name, lc_name);
+    last_lc_name = strdup (lc_name);
 
     return dir_name;
 }
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcGeneric.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcGeneric.c
index 688a4cfc4..619cb47f9 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcGeneric.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcGeneric.c
@@ -60,15 +60,13 @@ create(
     XLCd lcd;
     XLCdPublicMethods new;
 
-    lcd = (XLCd) Xmalloc(sizeof(XLCdRec));
+    lcd = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XLCdRec));
     if (lcd == NULL)
         return (XLCd) NULL;
-    bzero((char *) lcd, sizeof(XLCdRec));
 
-    lcd->core = (XLCdCore) Xmalloc(sizeof(XLCdGenericRec));
+    lcd->core = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XLCdGenericRec));
     if (lcd->core == NULL)
 	goto err;
-    bzero((char *) lcd->core, sizeof(XLCdGenericRec));
 
     new = (XLCdPublicMethods) Xmalloc(sizeof(XLCdPublicMethodsRec));
     if (new == NULL)
@@ -180,10 +178,9 @@ add_codeset(
     CodeSet new, *new_list;
     int num;
 
-    new = (CodeSet) Xmalloc(sizeof(CodeSetRec));
+    new = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(CodeSetRec));
     if (new == NULL)
         return NULL;
-    bzero((char *) new, sizeof(CodeSetRec));
 
     if ((num = gen->codeset_num))
         new_list = (CodeSet *) Xrealloc(gen->codeset_list,
@@ -218,21 +215,18 @@ add_parse_list(
     unsigned char ch;
     int num;
 
-    str = (char *) Xmalloc(strlen(encoding) + 1);
+    str = strdup(encoding);
     if (str == NULL)
         return False;
-    strcpy(str, encoding);
 
-    new = (ParseInfo) Xmalloc(sizeof(ParseInfoRec));
+    new = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(ParseInfoRec));
     if (new == NULL)
         goto err;
-    bzero((char *) new, sizeof(ParseInfoRec));
 
     if (gen->mb_parse_table == NULL) {
-        gen->mb_parse_table = (unsigned char *) Xmalloc(256); /* 2^8 */
+        gen->mb_parse_table = Xcalloc(1, 256); /* 2^8 */
         if (gen->mb_parse_table == NULL)
             goto err;
-        bzero((char *) gen->mb_parse_table, 256);
     }
 
     if ((num = gen->mb_parse_list_num))
@@ -468,10 +462,9 @@ read_charset_define(
                 break;
         }
         if (new) {
-            tmp = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(cset_name)+1);
+            tmp = strdup(cset_name);
             if (tmp == NULL)
                 return;
-            strcpy(tmp,cset_name);
             charsetd->name = tmp;
         }
         /* side   */
@@ -527,8 +520,7 @@ read_charset_define(
                 Xfree(charsetd->encoding_name);
             }
 */
-            tmp = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(value[0])+1);
-            strcpy(tmp,value[0]);
+            tmp = strdup(value[0]);
             charsetd->encoding_name = tmp;
             charsetd->xrm_encoding_name = XrmStringToQuark(tmp);
         }
@@ -598,10 +590,9 @@ read_segmentconversion(
         if (num > 0) {
             char *tmp;
             _XlcDbg_printValue(name,value,num);
-            tmp = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(value[0])+1);
+            tmp = strdup(value[0]);
             if (tmp == NULL)
                 return;
-            strcpy(tmp,value[0]);
             conversion->source_encoding = tmp;
             conversion->source = srch_charset_define(tmp,&new);
         }
@@ -611,10 +602,9 @@ read_segmentconversion(
         if (num > 0) {
             char *tmp;
             _XlcDbg_printValue(name,value,num);
-            tmp = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(value[0])+1);
+            tmp = strdup(value[0]);
             if (tmp == NULL)
                 return;
-            strcpy(tmp,value[0]);
             conversion->destination_encoding = tmp;
             conversion->dest = srch_charset_define(tmp,&new);
         }
@@ -650,12 +640,11 @@ create_ctextseg(
     ret = (ExtdSegment)Xmalloc(sizeof(ExtdSegmentRec));
     if (ret == NULL)
         return NULL;
-    ret->name = (char *)Xmalloc(strlen(value[0]) + 1);
+    ret->name = strdup(value[0]);
     if (ret->name == NULL) {
         Xfree (ret);
         return NULL;
     }
-    strcpy(ret->name,value[0]);
     cset_name = (char*) Xmalloc (strlen(ret->name) + 1);
     if (cset_name == NULL) {
         Xfree (ret->name);
diff --git a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcPublic.c b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcPublic.c
index 2c02f5fba..1b1fb548a 100644
--- a/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcPublic.c
+++ b/libX11/src/xlibi18n/lcPublic.c
@@ -80,15 +80,13 @@ create(
     XLCd lcd;
     XLCdPublicMethods new;
 
-    lcd = (XLCd) Xmalloc(sizeof(XLCdRec));
+    lcd = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XLCdRec));
     if (lcd == NULL)
         return (XLCd) NULL;
-    bzero((char *) lcd, sizeof(XLCdRec));
 
-    lcd->core = (XLCdCore) Xmalloc(sizeof(XLCdPublicRec));
+    lcd->core = Xcalloc(1, sizeof(XLCdPublicRec));
     if (lcd->core == NULL)
 	goto err;
-    bzero((char *) lcd->core, sizeof(XLCdPublicRec));
 
     new = (XLCdPublicMethods) Xmalloc(sizeof(XLCdPublicMethodsRec));
     if (new == NULL)
@@ -130,10 +128,9 @@ load_public(
 
     _XlcGetResource(lcd, "XLC_XLOCALE", "encoding_name", &values, &num);
     str = (num > 0) ? values[0] : "STRING";
-    pub->encoding_name = (char*) Xmalloc(strlen(str) + 1);
+    pub->encoding_name = strdup(str);
     if (pub->encoding_name == NULL)
 	return False;
-    strcpy(pub->encoding_name, str);
 
     return True;
 }