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-.\" $XFree86$
-.\"
-.\" Copyright 2001-2004 Red Hat Inc., Durham, North Carolina.
-.\" All Rights Reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-.\" a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-.\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-.\" without limitation on the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
-.\" publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
-.\" and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
-.\" subject to the following conditions:
-.\"
-.\" he above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the
-.\" next paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial
-.\" portions of the Software.
-.\"
-.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-.\" EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
-.\" NON-INFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL RED HAT AND/OR THEIR SUPPLIERS
-.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
-.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
-.\" CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-.\" SOFTWARE.
-.TH Xdmx 1 __vendorversion__
-.SH NAME
-Xdmx - Distributed Multi-head X server
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B Xdmx
-[:display] [option ...]
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-.I Xdmx
-is a proxy X server that uses one or more other X servers as its display
-devices.  It provides multi-head X functionality for displays that might
-be located on different machines.
-.I Xdmx
-functions as a front-end X server that acts as a proxy to a set of
-back-end X servers.  All of the visible rendering is passed to the
-back-end X servers.  Clients connect to the
-.I Xdmx
-front-end, and everything appears as it would in a regular multi-head
-configuration.  If Xinerama is enabled (e.g., with
-.B +xinerama
-on the command line), the clients see a single large screen.
-.PP
-.I Xdmx
-communicates to the back-end X servers using the standard X11 protocol,
-and standard and/or commonly available X server extensions.
-.SH OPTIONS
-In addition to the normal X server options described in the
-.I Xserver(1)
-manual page,
-.I Xdmx
-accepts the following command line switches:
-.TP 8
-.BI "\-display " display-name
-This specifies the name(s) of the back-end X server display(s) to connect
-to.  This option may be specified multiple times to connect to more than
-one back-end display.  The first is used as screen 0, the second as screen 1,
-etc.  If this option is omitted, the
-.B $DISPLAY
-environment variable is used as the single back-end X server display.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "\-xinput " input-source
-This specifies the source to use for XInput extension devices.  The
-choices are the same as for
-.BR "\-input " ,
-described below, except that core devices on backend servers cannot be
-treated as XInput extension devices.  (Although extension devices on
-backend and console servers are supported as extension devices under
-.IR Xdmx ).
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "\-input " input-source
-This specifies the source to use for the core input devices.  The choices are:
-.RS
-.TP 4
-.B dummy
-A set of dummy core input drivers are used.  These never generate any
-input events.
-.sp
-.TP 4
-.B local
-The raw keyboard and pointer from the local computer are used.  A
-comma-separated list of driver names can be appended.  For example, to
-select the example Linux keyboard and PS/2 mouse driver use:
-.BR "-input local,kbd,ps2" .
-The following drivers have been implemented for Linux: kbd, ms (a
-two-button Microsoft mouse driver), ps2 (a PS/2 mouse driver), usb-mou
-(a USB mouse driver), usb-kbd (a USB keyboard driver), and usb-oth (a
-USB non-keyboard, non-mouse driver).  Additional drivers may be
-implemented in the future.  Appropriate defaults will be used if no
-comma-separated list is provided.
-.sp
-.TP 4
-.I display-name
-If the display-name is a back-end server, then core input events are
-taken from the server specified.  Otherwise, a console window will be
-opened on the specified display.
-.sp
-If the
-.I display-name
-is followed by ",xi" then XInput extension devices on the display will
-be used as
-.I Xdmx
-XInput extension devices.  If the
-.I display-name
-is followed by ",noxi" then XInput extension devices on the display will
-.B not
-be used as
-.I Xdmx
-XInput extension devices.  Currently, the default is ",xi".
-.sp
-If the
-.I display-name
-is followed by ",console" and the
-.I display-name
-refers to a display that is used as a backend display, then a console
-window will be opened on that display
-.B and
-that display will be treated as a backend display.  Otherwise (or if
-",noconsole" is used), the display will be treated purely as a backend
-or a console display, as described above.
-.sp
-If the
-.I display-name
-is followed by ",windows", then outlines of the windows on the backend
-will be displayed inside the console window.  Otherwise (or if
-",nowindows" is used), the console window will not display the outlines
-of backend windows.  (This option only applies to console input.)
-.sp
-If the
-.I display-name
-is followed by ",xkb", then the next 1 to 3 comma-separated parameters
-will specify the keycodes, symbols, and geometry of the keyboard for
-this input device.  For example, ",xkb,xfree86,pc104" will specify that
-the "xfree86" keycodes and the "pc104" symbols should be used to
-initialize the keyboard.  For an SGI keyboard, ",xkb,sgi/indy(pc102)"
-might be useful.  A list of keycodes, symbols, and geometries can be
-found in
-.IR /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb .
-If this option is not specified, the input device will be queried,
-perhaps using the XKEYBOARD extension.
-.RE
-.sp
-.RS
-If this option isn't specified, the default input source is the first
-back-end server (the one used for screen 0).  The console window shows
-the layout of the back-end display(s) and pointer movements and key
-presses within the console window will be used as core input devices.
-.sp
-Several special function keys are active, depending on the input
-source:
-.sp
-.RS
-.B Ctrl-Alt-q
-will terminate the
-.I Xdmx
-server in all modes.
-.sp
-.B Ctrl-Alt-g
-will toggle a
-server grab in console mode (a special cursor, currently a spider, is
-used to indicate an active server grab).
-.sp
-.B Ctrl-Alt-f
-will toggle fine-grain motion in console mode (a special cursor,
-currently a cross hair, is used to indicate this mode).  If this mode is
-combined with a server grab, then the cursor will have 4 lines instead
-of only 2.
-.sp
-.BR Ctrl-Alt-F1 " through " Ctrl-Alt-F12
-will switch to another VC in local (raw) mode.
-.RE
-.RE
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-shadowfb"
-This option turns on (legacy) support for the shadow frame buffer.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-noshadowfb"
-This option turns off (legacy) support for the shadow frame buffer.
-Note that this option has been deprecated and will be removed in the
-next release.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-nomulticursor"
-This option turns off support for displaying multiple cursors on
-overlapped back-end displays.  This option is available for testing and
-benchmarking purposes.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-fontpath"
-This option sets the
-.I Xdmx
-server's default font path.  This option can be specified multiple times
-to accommodate multiple font paths.  See the
-.B "FONT PATHS"
-section below for very important information regarding setting the
-default font path.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-configfile " filename
-Specify the configuration file that should be read.  Note that if the
-.B \-display
-command-line option is used, then the configuration file will be
-ignored.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-config " name
-Specify a configuration to use.  The
-.I name
-will be the name following the
-.B virtual
-keyword in the configuration file.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-stat " "interval screens"
-This option enables the display of performance statistics.  The interval
-is in seconds.  The screens is a count of the number of back-end screens
-for which data is printed each interval.  Specifying 0 for screens will
-display data for all screens.
-.sp
-For each screen, the following information is printed: the screen
-number, an absolute count of the number of XSync() calls made
-(SyncCount), the rate of these calls during the previous interval
-(Sync/s), the average round-trip time (in microseconds) of the last 10
-XSync() calls (avSync), the maximum round-trip time (in microseconds) of
-the last 10 XSync calls (mxSync), the average number of XSync() requests
-that were pending but not yet processed for each of the last 10
-processed XSync() calls, the maximum number of XSync() requests that
-were pending but not yet processed for each of the last 10 processed
-XSync() calls, and a histogram showing the distribution of the times of
-all of the XSync() calls that were made during the previous interval.
-.sp
-(The length of the moving average and the number and value of histogram
-bins are configurable at compile time in the
-.B dmxstat.h
-header file.)
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-syncbatch " interval
-This option sets the
-.I interval
-in milliseconds for XSync() batching.  An
-.I interval
-less than or equal to 0 will disable XSync() batching.  The default
-.I interval
-is 100 ms.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-nooffscreenopt"
-This option disables the offscreen optimization.  Since the lazy window
-creation optimization requires the offscreen optimization to be enabled,
-this option will also disable the lazy window creation optimization.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-nowindowopt"
-This option disables the lazy window creation optimization.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-nosubdivprims"
-This option disables the primitive subdivision optimization.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-noxkb"
-Disable use of the XKB extension for communication with the back end
-displays.  (Combine with
-.B "-kb"
-to disable all use of XKB.)
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-depth " int
-This option sets the root window's default depth.  When choosing a
-default visual from those available on the back-end X server, the first
-visual with that matches the depth specified is used.
-.sp
-This option can be combined with the
-.BI "-cc"
-option, which specifies the default color visual class, to force the use
-of a specific depth and color class for the root window.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-norender"
-This option disables the RENDER extension.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-noglxproxy"
-This option disables GLX proxy -- the build-in GLX extension
-implementation that is DMX aware.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-noglxswapgroup"
-This option disables the swap group and swap barrier extensions in GLX
-proxy.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-glxsyncswap"
-This option enables synchronization after a swap buffers call by waiting
-until all X protocol has been processed.  When a client issues a
-glXSwapBuffers request, Xdmx relays that request to each back-end X
-server, and those requests are buffered along with all other protocol
-requests.  However, in systems that have large network buffers, this
-buffering can lead to the set of back-end X servers handling the swap
-buffers request asynchronously.  With this option, an XSync() request is
-issued to each back-end X server after sending the swap buffers request.
-The XSync() requests will flush all buffered protocol (including the
-swap buffers requests) and wait until the back-end X servers have
-processed those requests before continuing.  This option does not wait
-until all GL commands have been processed so there might be previously
-issued commands that are still being processed in the GL pipe when the
-XSync() request returns.  See the
-.BI "-glxfinishswap"
-option below if Xdmx should wait until the GL commands have been
-processed.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-glxfinishswap"
-This option enables synchronization after a swap buffers call by waiting
-until all GL commands have been completed.  It is similar to the
-.BI "-glxsyncswap"
-option above; however, instead of issuing an XSync(), it issues a
-glFinish() request to each back-end X server after sending the swap
-buffers requests.  The glFinish() request will flush all buffered
-protocol requests, process both X and GL requests, and wait until all
-previously called GL commands are complete before returning.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-ignorebadfontpaths"
-This option ignores font paths that are not available on all back-end
-servers by removing the bad font path(s) from the default font path
-list.  If no valid font paths are left after removing the bad paths, an
-error to that effect is printed in the log.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-addremovescreens"
-This option enables the dynamic addition and removal of screens, which
-is disabled by default.  Note that GLXProxy and Render do not yet
-support dynamic addition and removal of screens, and must be disabled
-via the
-.BI "-noglxproxy"
-and
-.BI "-norender"
-command line options described above.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.BI "-param"
-This option specifies parameters on the command line.  Currently, only
-parameters dealing with XKEYBOARD configuration are supported.  These
-parameters apply only to the core keyboard.  Parameter values are
-installation-dependent.  Please see
-.I /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb
-or a similar directory for complete information.
-.RS
-.TP 8
-.B XkbRules
-Defaults to "xfree86".  Other values may include "sgi" and "sun".
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.B XkbModel
-Defaults to "pc101".  When used with "xfree86" rules, other values may
-include "pc102", "pc104", "pc105", "microsoft", and many others.  When
-used with "sun" rules, other values may include "type4" and "type5".
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.B XkbLayout
-Defaults to "us".  Other country codes and "dvorak" are usually
-available.
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.B XkbVariant
-Defaults to "".
-.sp
-.TP 8
-.B XkbOptions
-Defaults to "".
-.RE
-.SH "CONFIGURATION FILE GRAMMAR"
-The following words and tokens are reserved:
-.RS
-.B virtual
-.B display
-.B wall
-.B option
-.B param
-.B {
-.B }
-.B ;
-.B #
-.RE
-.PP
-Comments start with a
-.B #
-mark and extend to the end of the line.  They may appear anywhere.  If a
-configuration file is read into
-.BR xdmxconfig ,
-the comments in that file will be preserved, but will not be editable.
-.PP
-The grammar is as follows:
-.RS
-virtual-list ::= [ virtual-list ] | virtual
-
-virtual ::=
-.B virtual
-[ name ] [ dim ]
-.B {
-dw-list
-.B }
-
-dw-list ::= [ dw-list ] | dw
-
-dw ::= display | wall | option
-
-display ::=
-.B display
-name [ geometry ] [ / geometry ] [ origin ]
-.B ;
-
-wall ::=
-.B wall
-[ dim ] [ dim ] name-list
-.B ;
-
-option ::=
-.B option
-name-list
-.B ;
-
-param ::=
-.B param
-name-list
-.B ;
-
-param ::=
-.B param {
-param-list
-.B }
-
-param-list ::= [ param-list ] | name-list
-.B ;
-
-name-list ::= [ name-list ] | name
-
-name ::= string | double-quoted-string
-
-dim ::= integer
-.B x
-integer
-
-geometry ::= [ integer
-.B x
-integer ] [ signed-integer signed-integer ]
-
-origin ::=
-.B @
-integer
-.B x
-integer
-.RE
-.PP
-The name following
-.B virtual
-is used as an identifier for the configuration, and may be passed to
-.B Xdmx
-using the
-.B \-config
-command line option.  The name of a display should be standard X display
-name, although no checking is performed (e.g., "machine:0").
-.PP
-For names, double quotes are optional unless the name is reserved or
-contains spaces.
-.PP
-The first dimension following
-.B wall
-is the dimension for tiling (e.g., 2x4 or 4x4).  The second dimension
-following
-.B wall
-is the dimension of each display in the wall (e.g., 1280x1024).
-.PP
-The first geometry following
-.B display
-is the geometry of the screen window on the backend server.  The second
-geometry, which is always preceeded by a slash, is the geometry of the
-root window.  By default, the root window has the same geometry as the
-screen window.
-.PP
-The
-.B option
-line can be used to specify any command-line options (e.g.,
-.BR \-input ).
-(It cannot be used to specify the name of the front-end display.)  The
-option line is processed once at server startup, just line command line
-options.  This behavior may be unexpected.
-.SH "CONFIGURATION FILE EXAMPLES"
-Two displays being used for a desktop may be specified in any of the
-following formats:
-.RS
-.nf
-virtual example0 {
-    display d0:0 1280x1024 @0x0;
-    display d1:0 1280x1024 @1280x0;
-}
-.sp
-virtual example1 {
-    display d0:0 1280x1024;
-    display d1:0 @1280x0;
-}
-.sp
-virtual example2 {
-    display "d0:0";
-    display "d1:0" @1280x0;
-}
-.sp
-virtual example3 { wall 2x1 d0:0 d1:0; }
-.fi
-.RE
-A 4x4 wall of 16 total displays could be specified as follows (if no
-tiling dimension is specified, an approximate square is used):
-.RS
-.nf
-virtual example4 {
-    wall d0:0 d1:0 d2:0 d3:0
-         d4:0 d5:0 d6:0 d7:0
-         d8:0 d9:0 da:0 db:0
-         dc:0 dd:0 de:0 df:0;
-}
-.fi
-.RE
-.SH "FONT PATHS"
-The font path used by the
-.I Xdmx
-front-end server will be propagated to each back-end server,which
-requires that each back-end server have access to the exact same font
-paths as the front-end server.  This can be most easily handled by
-either using a font server (e.g., xfs) or by remotely mounting the font
-paths on each back-end server, and then setting the
-.I Xdmx
-server's default font path with the
--I "-fontpath"
-command line option described above.
-.PP
-For example, if you specify a font path with the following command line:
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -display d0:0 -fontpath /usr/fonts/75dpi/ -fontpath /usr/fonts/Type1/ +xinerama
-.RE
-Then, /usr/fonts/75dpi/ and /usr/fonts/Type1/ must be valid font paths
-on the
-.I Xdmx
-server and all back-end server, which is d0 in this example.
-.PP
-Font servers can also be specified with the
-.I "-fontpath"
-option.  For example, let's assume that a properly configured font
-server is running on host d0.  Then, the following command line
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -display d0:0 -display d1:0 -fontpath tcp/d0:7100 +xinerama
-.RE
-will initialize the front-end
-.I Xdmx
-server and each of the back-end servers to use the font server on d0.
-.PP
-Some fonts might not be supported by either the front-end or the
-back-end servers.  For example, let's assume the front-end
-.I Xdmx
-server includes support Type1 fonts, but one of the back-end servers
-does not.  Let's also assume that the default font path for
-.I Xdmx
-includes Type1 fonts in its font path.  Then, when
-.I Xdmx
-initializes the default font path to load the default font, the font
-path that includes Type1 fonts (along with the other default font paths
-that are used by the
-.I Xdmx
-server) is sent to the back-end server that cannot handle Type1 fonts.
-That back-end server then rejects the font path and sends an error back
-to the
-.I Xdmx
-server.
-.I Xdmx
-then prints an error message and exits because it failed to set the
-default font path and was unable load the default font.
-.PP
-To fix this error, the offending font path must be removed from the
-default font path by using a different
-.I "-fontpath"
-command line option.
-.PP
-The
-.I "-fontpath"
-option can also be added to the configuration file as described above.
-.SH "COMMAND-LINE EXAMPLES"
-The back-end machines are d0 and d1, core input is from the pointer and
-keyboard attached to d0, clients will refer to :1 when opening windows:
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -display d0:0 -display d1:0 +xinerama
-.RE
-.PP
-As above, except with core input from d1:
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -display d0:0 -display d1:0 -input d1:0 +xinerama
-.RE
-.PP
-As above, except with core input from a console window on the local
-display:
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -display d0:0 -display d1:0 -input :0 +xinerama
-.RE
-.PP
-As above, except with core input from the local keyboard and mouse:
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -display d0:0 -display d1:0 -input local,kbd,ps2 +xinerama
-.RE
-Note that local input can be used under Linux while another X session is
-running on :0 (assuming the user can access the Linux console tty and
-mouse devices): a new (blank) VC will be used for keyboard input on the
-local machine and the Ctrl-Alt-F* sequence will be available to change
-to another VC (possibly back to another X session running on the local
-machine).  Using Ctrl-Alt-Backspace on the blank VC will terminate the
-Xdmx session and return to the original VC.
-.PP
-This example uses the configuration file shown in the previous section:
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -input :0 +xinerama -configfile filename -config example2
-.RE
-With this configuration file line:
-.RS
-option -input :0 +xinerama;
-.RE
-the command line can be shortened to:
-.RS
-Xdmx :1 -configfile filename -config example2
-.RE
-.SH "USING THE USB DEVICE DRIVERS"
-.P
-The USB device drivers use the devices called
-.IR /dev/input/event0 ", " /dev/input/event1 ", etc."
-under Linux.  These devices are driven using the
-.I evdev
-Linux kernel module, which is part of the hid suite.  Please note that
-if you load the
-.I mousedev
-or
-.I kbddev
-Linux kernel modules, then USB devices will appear as core Linux input
-devices and you will not be able to select between using the device only
-as an
-.I Xdmx
-core device or an
-.I Xdmx
-XInput extension device.  Further, you may be unable to unload the
-.I mousedev
-Linux kernel module if
-.I XFree86
-is configured to use
-.I /dev/input/mice
-as an input device (this is quite helpful for laptop users and is set up
-by default under some Linux distributions, but should be changed if USB
-devices are to be used with
-.IR Xdmx ).
-.PP
-The USB device drivers search through the Linux devices for the first
-mouse, keyboard, or non-mouse-non-keyboard Linux device and use that
-device.
-.SH "KEYBOARD INITIALIZATION"
-.PP
-If
-.I Xdmx
-was invoked with
-.I \-xkb
-or was
-.B not
-compiled to use the XKEYBOARD extension, then a keyboard on a backend or
-console will be initialized using the map that the host X server
-provides.
-.PP
-If the XKEYBOARD extension is used for both
-.I Xdmx
-and the host X server for the keyboard (i.e., the backend or console X
-server), then the type of the keyboard will
-be obtained from the host X server and the keyboard under
-.I Xdmx
-will be initialized with that information.  Otherwise, the default type
-of keyboard will be initialized.  In both cases, the map from the host X
-server will
-.B not
-be used.  This means that different initial behavior may be noted with
-and without XKEYBOARD.  Consistent and expected results will be obtained
-by running XKEYBOARD on all servers and by avoiding the use of
-.I xmodmap
-on the backend or console X servers prior to starting
-.IR Xdmx .
-.PP
-If
-.I \-xkbmap
-is specified on the
-.I Xdmx
-command line, then that map will currently be used for all keyboards.
-.SH "MULTIPLE CORE KEYBOARDS"
-X was not designed to support multiple core keyboards.  However,
-.I Xdmx
-provides some support for multiple core keyboards.  Best results will be
-obtained if all of the keyboards are of the same type and are using the
-same keyboard map.  Because the X server passes raw key code information
-to the X client, key symbols for keyboards with different key maps would
-be different if the key code for each keyboard was sent without
-translation to the client.  Therefore,
-.I Xdmx
-will attempt to translate the key code from a core keyboard to the key
-code for the key with the same key symbol of the
-.B first
-core keyboard that was loaded.  If the key symbol appears in both maps,
-the results will be expected.  Otherwise, the second core keyboard will
-return a NoSymbol key symbol for some keys that would have been
-translated if it was the first core keyboard.
-.ig
-.SH ENVIRONMENT
-..
-.ig
-.SH FILES
-..
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.BR DMX "(3X), " X "(__miscmansuffix__), " Xserver "(1), " xdmxconfig "(1), "
-.BR vdltodmx "(1), " xfs "(1), " xkbcomp (1)
-.SH AUTHORS
-Kevin E. Martin
-.I <kem@redhat.com>,
-David H. Dawes
-.I <dawes@xfree86.org>,
-and
-Rickard E. (Rik) Faith
-.IR <faith@redhat.com> .
-.PP
-Portions of
-.I Xdmx
-are based on code from The XFree86 Project
-.RI ( http://www.xfree86.org )
-and X.Org
-.RI ( http://www.x.org ).