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diff --git a/apps/xcalc/xcalc.man b/apps/xcalc/xcalc.man new file mode 100644 index 000000000..14d856efc --- /dev/null +++ b/apps/xcalc/xcalc.man @@ -0,0 +1,440 @@ +.\" $XConsortium: xcalc.man,v 1.10 94/04/17 20:43:32 matt Exp $ +.\" $XdotOrg: $ +.\" Copyright (c) 1994 X Consortium +.\" +.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining +.\" a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the +.\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including +.\" without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, +.\" distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to +.\" permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to +.\" the following conditions: +.\" +.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included +.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. +.\" +.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS +.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF +.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. +.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE X CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR +.\" OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, +.\" ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR +.\" OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. +.\" +.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name of the X Consortium shall +.\" not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or +.\" other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization +.\" from the X Consortium. +.\" +.\" $XFree86: xc/programs/xcalc/xcalc.man,v 1.4 2002/10/12 16:06:46 herrb Exp $ +.\" +.de EX \"Begin example +.ne 5 +.if n .sp 1 +.if t .sp .5 +.nf +.in +.5i +.. +.de EE +.fi +.in -.5i +.if n .sp 1 +.if t .sp .5 +.. +.TH XCALC 1 __xorgversion__ +.SH NAME +xcalc \- scientific calculator for X +.SH SYNOPSIS +.B xcalc +[-stipple] [-rpn] [-\fItoolkitoption...\fP] +.SH DESCRIPTION +.I xcalc +is a scientific calculator desktop accessory that can emulate a TI-30 +or an HP-10C. +.SH OPTIONS +.PP +\fIxcalc\fP accepts all of the standard toolkit command line options along +with two additional options: +.PP +.TP 8 +.B \-stipple +This option indicates that the background of the calculator should be +drawn using a stipple of the foreground and background colors. On monochrome +displays improves the appearance. +.PP +.TP 8 +.B \-rpn +This option indicates that Reverse Polish Notation should be used. In this +mode the calculator will look and behave like an HP-10C. Without this flag, +it will emulate a TI-30. +.SH OPERATION +.PP +.I Pointer Usage: +Operations may be performed with pointer button 1, or in some cases, +with the keyboard. +Many common calculator operations have keyboard accelerators. +To quit, press pointer button 3 on the AC key of the TI calculator, +or the ON key of the HP calculator. +.PP +.I Calculator Key Usage (TI mode): +The numbered keys, the +/- key, and the +, -, *, /, and = keys all do exactly +what you would expect them to. It should be noted that the operators obey +the standard rules of precedence. Thus, entering "3+4*5=" results in "23", +not "35". The parentheses can be used to override this. For example, +"(1+2+3)*(4+5+6)=" results in "6*15=90". +.PP +The entire number in the calculator display can be selected, in order to +paste the result of a calculation into text. +.PP +The action procedures associated with each function are given below. These +are useful if you are interested in defining a custom calculator. +The action used for all digit keys is \fBdigit(\fIn\fP)\fR, where \fIn\fR +is the corresponding digit, 0..9. +.TP 10 +.B 1/x +Replaces the number in the display with its reciprocal. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBreciprocal()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B x^2 +Squares the number in the display. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBsquare()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B SQRT +Takes the square root of the number in the display. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBsquareRoot()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B CE/C +When pressed once, clears the number in the display without clearing the state +of the machine. Allows you to re-enter a number if you make a mistake. +Pressing it twice clears the state, also. +The corresponding action procedure for TI mode is \fBclear()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B AC +Clears the display, the state, and the memory. Pressing it with the third +pointer button turns off the calculator, in that it exits the program. +The action procedure to clear the state is \fBoff()\fR; to quit, \fBquit()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B INV +Invert function. See the individual function keys for details. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBinverse()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B sin +Computes the sine of the number in the display, as interpreted by the current +DRG mode (see DRG, below). If inverted, it computes the arcsine. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBsine()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B cos +Computes the cosine, or arccosine when inverted. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBcosine()\fP. +.TP 10 +.B tan +Computes the tangent, or arctangent when inverted. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBtangent()\fP. +.TP 10 +.B DRG +Changes the DRG mode, as indicated by 'DEG', 'RAD', or 'GRAD' at the bottom of +of the calculator ``liquid crystal'' display. +When in 'DEG' mode, numbers in the display are taken as being +degrees. In 'RAD' mode, numbers are in radians, and in 'GRAD' mode, numbers +are in grads. When inverted, the DRG key has a feature of +converting degrees to radians to grads and vice-versa. Example: put the +calculator into 'DEG' mode, and enter "45 INV DRG". The display should now +show something along the lines of ".785398", which is 45 degrees converted to +radians. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBdegree()\fP. +.TP 10 +.B e +The constant 'e'. (2.7182818...). +The corresponding action procedure is \fBe()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B EE +Used for entering exponential numbers. For example, to get "-2.3E-4" you'd +enter "2 . 3 +/- EE 4 +/-". +The corresponding action procedure is \fBscientific()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B log +Calculates the log (base 10) of the number in the display. When inverted, +it raises "10.0" to the number in the display. +For example, entering "3 INV log" should result in "1000". +The corresponding action procedure is \fBlogarithm()\fP. +.TP 10 +.B ln +Calculates the log (base e) of the number in the display. When inverted, +it raises "e" to the number in the display. For example, entering "e ln" +should result in "1". +The corresponding action procedure is \fBnaturalLog()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B y^x +Raises the number on the left to the power of the number on the right. For +example "2 y^x 3 =" results in "8", which is 2^3. For a further example, +"(1+2+3) y^x (1+2) =" equals "6 y^x 3" which equals "216". +The corresponding action procedure is \fBpower()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B PI +The constant 'pi'. (3.1415927....) +The corresponding action procedure is \fBpi()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B x! +Computes the factorial of the number in the display. The number in the display +must be an integer in the range 0-500, though, depending on your math library, +it might overflow long before that. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBfactorial()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B ( +Left parenthesis. The corresponding action procedure for TI calculators +is \fBleftParen()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B ) +Right parenthesis. The corresponding action procedure for TI calculators +is \fBrightParen()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B / +Division. The corresponding action procedure is \fBdivide()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B * +Multiplication. The corresponding action procedure is \fBmultiply()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B - +Subtraction. The corresponding action procedure is \fBsubtract()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B + +Addition. The corresponding action procedure is \fBadd()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B = +Perform calculation. The TI-specific action procedure is \fBequal()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B STO +Copies the number in the display to the memory location. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBstore()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B RCL +Copies the number from the memory location to the display. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBrecall()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B SUM +Adds the number in the display to the number in the memory location. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBsum()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B EXC +Swaps the number in the display with the number in the memory location. +The corresponding action procedure for the TI calculator is \fBexchange()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B +/- +Negate; change sign. The corresponding action procedure is \fBnegate()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B . +Decimal point. The action procedure is \fBdecimal()\fP. +.sp +.PP +.I Calculator Key Usage (RPN mode): +The number keys, CHS (change sign), +, -, *, /, and ENTR keys all do exactly +what you would expect them to do. Many of the remaining keys are the same as +in TI mode. The differences are detailed below. The action procedure +for the ENTR key is \fBenter()\fR. +.sp +.TP 10 +.B <- +This is a backspace key that can be used if you make a mistake while entering +a number. It will erase digits from the display. (See BUGS). +Inverse backspace will clear the X register. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBback()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B ON +Clears the display, the state, and the memory. Pressing it with the third +pointer button turns off the calculator, in that it exits the program. +To clear state, the action procedure is \fBoff\fR; to quit, \fBquit()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B INV +Inverts the meaning of the function keys. This would be the \fIf\fR key +on an HP calculator, but \fIxcalc\fR does not display +multiple legends on each key. See the individual function keys for details. +.TP 10 +.B 10^x +Raises "10.0" to the number in the top of the stack. +When inverted, it calculates the log (base 10) of the number in the display. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBtenpower()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B e^x +Raises "e" to the number in the top of the stack. +When inverted, it calculates the log (base e) of the number in the display. +The action procedure is \fBepower()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B STO +Copies the number in the top of the stack to a memory location. There are 10 +memory locations. The desired memory is specified by following this +key with a digit key. +.TP 10 +.B RCL +Pushes the number from the specified memory location onto the stack. +.TP 10 +.B SUM +Adds the number on top of the stack to the number in the specified +memory location. +.TP 10 +.B x:y +Exchanges the numbers in the top two stack positions, the X and Y registers. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBXexchangeY()\fR. +.TP 10 +.B R v +Rolls the stack downward. When inverted, it rolls the stack upward. +The corresponding action procedure is \fBroll()\fR. +.TP 10 +.I blank +These keys were used for programming functions on the HP-10C. Their +functionality has not been duplicated in \fIxcalc\fR. +.PP +Finally, there are two additional action procedures: +\fBbell()\fR, which rings the bell; +and \fBselection()\fR, which performs a cut on the +entire number in the calculator's ``liquid crystal'' display. +.SH ACCELERATORS +.PP +Accelerators are shortcuts for entering commands. \fIxcalc\fP provides +some sample keyboard accelerators; also users can customize accelerators. +The numeric keypad accelerators provided by \fIxcalc\fP +should be intuitively correct. +The accelerators defined by \fIxcalc\fP on the main keyboard are given below: +.PP +.nf +.ta .5i 1.0i 1.5i 2.0i 2.5i 3.0i 3.5i 4.0i 4.5i 5.0i 5.5i 6.0i 6.5i 7.0i + TI Key HP Key Keyboard Accelerator TI Function HP Function + + SQRT SQRT r squareRoot() squareRoot() + AC ON space clear() clear() + AC <- Delete clear() back() + AC <- Backspace clear() back() + AC <- Control-H clear() back() + AC Clear clear() + AC ON q quit() quit() + AC ON Control-C quit() quit() + + INV i i inverse() inverse() + sin s s sine() sine() + cos c c cosine() cosine() + tan t t tangent() tangent() + DRG DRG d degree() degree() + + e e e() + ln ln l naturalLog() naturalLog() + y^x y^x ^ power() power() + + PI PI p pi() pi() + x! x! ! factorial() factorial() + ( ( leftParen() + ) ) rightParen() + + / / / divide() divide() + * * * multiply() multiply() + - - - subtract() subtract() + + + + add() add() + = = equal() + + 0..9 0..9 0..9 digit() digit() + . . . decimal() decimal() + +/- CHS n negate() negate() + + x:y x XexchangeY() + ENTR Return enter() + ENTR Linefeed enter() +.fi +.PP +.SH CUSTOMIZATION +The application class name is XCalc. +.PP +\fIxcalc\fP has an enormous application defaults file which specifies +the position, label, and function of each key on the calculator. +It also gives translations to serve as keyboard accelerators. +Because these resources are not specified in the source code, you can create +a customized calculator by writing a private application defaults file, +using the Athena Command and Form widget resources to specify the size and +position of buttons, the label for each button, and the function of +each button. +.PP +The foreground and background colors of each calculator key can be +individually specified. +For the TI calculator, a classical color resource specification might be: +.sp +.br +XCalc.ti.Command.background: gray50 +.br +XCalc.ti.Command.foreground: white +.sp +For each of buttons 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40, specify: +.br +XCalc.ti.button20.background: black +.br +XCalc.ti.button20.foreground: white +.sp +For each of buttons 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33, 34, 37, 38, and 39: +.br +XCalc.ti.button22.background: white +.br +XCalc.ti.button22.foreground: black +.SH WIDGET HIERARCHY +In order to specify resources, it is useful to know the hierarchy of +the widgets which compose \fIxcalc\fR. In the notation below, +indentation indicates hierarchical structure. The widget class name +is given first, followed by the widget instance name. +.nf +.ta .5i 1.0i 1.5i 2.0i 2.5i 3.0i 3.5i 4.0i 4.5i 5.0i 5.5i 6.0i 6.5i 7.0i +.sp +XCalc xcalc + Form ti \fIor\fR hp \fI(the name depends on the mode)\fR + Form bevel + Form screen + Label M + Toggle LCD + Label INV + Label DEG + Label RAD + Label GRAD + Label P + Command button1 + Command button2 + Command button3 +\fIand so on, ...\fR + Command button38 + Command button39 + Command button40 +.fi +.SH APPLICATION RESOURCES +.PP +.TP 8 +\fBrpn\fR (Class \fBRpn\fR) +Specifies that the rpn mode should be used. The default is TI mode. +.TP 8 +\fBstipple\fR (Class \fBStipple\fR) +Indicates that the background should be stippled. The default is ``on'' +for monochrome displays, and ``off'' for color displays. +.TP 8 +\fBcursor\fR (Class \fBCursor\fR) +The name of the symbol used to represent the pointer. +The default is ``hand2''. +.fi +.SH COLORS +If you would like xcalc to use its ti colors, include the following +in the #ifdef COLOR section of the file you read with xrdb: +.sp 1 +*customization: -color +.sp 1 +.br +This will cause xcalc to pick up the colors in the app-defaults color +customization file: +.IR __apploaddir__/XCalc-color . +.fi +.SH "SEE ALSO" +X(__miscmansuffix__), xrdb(1), the Athena Widget Set +.SH BUGS +.PP +HP mode is not completely debugged. In particular, the stack is +not handled properly after errors. +.SH COPYRIGHT +Copyright 1994 X Consortium +.br +See \fIX(__miscmansuffix__)\fP for a full statement of rights and permissions. +.SH AUTHORS +John Bradley, University of Pennsylvania +.br +Mark Rosenstein, MIT Project Athena +.br +Donna Converse, MIT X Consortium |