.\" $Xorg: Template,v 1.3 2000/08/17 19:42:28 cpqbld Exp $
All Athena widgets have three separate files associated with them:
.LP
.IP \(bu 3
A \*Qpublic\*U header file containing declarations needed by
applications programmers
.IP \(bu 3
A \*Qprivate\*U header file containing additional declarations needed by the
widget and any subclasses
.IP \(bu 3
A source code file containing the implementation of the widget
.LP
This separation of functions into three files is suggested for all
widgets, but nothing in the Toolkit actually requires this format.  In
particular, a private widget created for a single application may easily
combine the \*Qpublic\*U and \*Qprivate\*U header files into a single file, or
merge the contents into another application header file.  Similarly, the
widget implementation can be merged into other application code.
.LP
.sp
In the following example, the public header file
.Pn < X11/Xaw/Template.h >,
the private header file
.Pn < X11/Xaw/TemplateP.h >
and the source code file
.Pn < X11/Xaw/Template.c >
will be modified to produce the \*QWindowWidget\*U described above.
In each case, the files have been designed so that a global string
replacement of ``Template'' and ``template''
with the name of your new widget, using
the appropriate case, can be done.
.NH 2
Public Header File
.LP
The public header file contains declarations that will be required by any
application module that needs to refer to the widget; whether to create
an instance of the class, to perform an
.PN XtSetValues
operation, or to call a public routine implemented by the widget class.
.LP
The contents of the Template public header file,
.Pn < X11/Xaw/Template.h >,
are:
.de CB
.sp
.Ds 0
.SM
.vs 10
.in +.25i
.TA .25i 1.4i 2.4i 2.75i 3.5i
.ta .25i 1.4i 2.4i 2.75i 3.5i
..
.de CE
.NL
.vs 13
.De
.\".in -.25i
..
.CB
.\".so ../../lib/Xaw/Template.h
/* XConsortium: Template.h,v 1.2 88/10/25 17:22:09 swick Exp $ */
/* Copyright (c) X Consortium 1987, 1988 */

#ifndef _Template_h
#define _Template_h

/****************************************************************
 *
 * Template widget
 *
 ****************************************************************/

/* Resources:

 Name	Class		RepType	Default Value
 ----		-----		-------	-------------
 background	Background		Pixel	XtDefaultBackground
 border	BorderColor		Pixel	XtDefaultForeground
 borderWidth	BorderWidth		Dimension	1
 destroyCallback	Callback		Pointer	NULL
 height	Height		Dimension	0
 mappedWhenManaged	MappedWhenManaged	Boolean	True
 sensitive	Sensitive		Boolean	True
 width	Width		Dimension	0
 x		Position		Position	0
 y		Position		Position	0

*/

/* define any special resource names here that are not in <X11/StringDefs.h> */

#define XtNtemplateResource "templateResource"

#define XtCTemplateResource "TemplateResource"

/* declare specific TemplateWidget class and instance datatypes */

typedef struct _TemplateClassRec*	TemplateWidgetClass;
typedef struct _TemplateRec*	TemplateWidget;

/* declare the class constant */

extern WidgetClass templateWidgetClass;

#endif /* _Template_h */
.CE
.LP
.sp
You will notice that most of this file is documentation.  The crucial
parts are the last 8 lines where macros for any private resource names
and classes are defined and where the widget class datatypes and class
record pointer are declared.
.LP
For the \*QWindowWidget\*U, we want 2 drawing colors, a callback list for
user input and an
\fBexposeCallback\fP callback list, and we will declare three
convenience procedures, so we need to add
.LP
.sp
.CB
/* Resources:
	...
 callback	Callback	Callback	NULL
 drawingColor1	Color	Pixel		XtDefaultForeground
 drawingColor2	Color	Pixel		XtDefaultForeground
 exposeCallback	Callback	Callback	NULL
 font		Font	XFontStruct*	XtDefaultFont
	...
 */

#define XtNdrawingColor1 "drawingColor1"
#define XtNdrawingColor2 "drawingColor2"
#define XtNexposeCallback "exposeCallback"

extern Pixel WindowColor1(\|/* Widget */\|);
extern Pixel WindowColor2(\|/* Widget */\|);
extern Font\ \ WindowFont(\|/* Widget */\|);
.CE
.LP
Note that we have chosen to call the input callback list by the generic
name, \fBcallback\fP, rather than a specific name.  If widgets that define
a single user-input action all choose the same resource name then there
is greater possibility for an application to switch between widgets of
different types.
.NH 2
Private Header File
.LP
The private header file contains the complete declaration of the class
and instance structures for the widget and any additional private data
that will be required by anticipated subclasses of the widget.
Information in the private header file is normally hidden from the
application and is designed to be accessed only through other public
procedures; e.g.
.PN XtSetValues .
.LP
The contents of the Template private header file,
.Pn < X11/Xaw/TemplateP.h >,
are:
.CB
.\".so ../../lib/Xaw/TemplateP.h
/* XConsortium: TemplateP.h,v 1.2 88/10/25 17:31:47 swick Exp $ */

/* Copyright (c) X Consortium 1987, 1988
 */

#ifndef _TemplateP_h
#define _TemplateP_h

#include <X11/Xaw/Template.h>
/* include superclass private header file */
#include <X11/CoreP.h>

/* define unique representation types not found in <X11/StringDefs.h> */

#define XtRTemplateResource "TemplateResource"

typedef struct {
	int empty;
} TemplateClassPart;

typedef struct _TemplateClassRec {
	CoreClassPart	core_class;
	TemplateClassPart	template_class;
} TemplateClassRec;

extern TemplateClassRec templateClassRec;

typedef struct {
	/* resources */
	char* resource;
	/* private state */
} TemplatePart;

typedef struct _TemplateRec {
	CorePart	core;
	TemplatePart	template;
} TemplateRec;

#endif /* _TemplateP_h */
.CE
.LP
.sp
The private header file includes the private header file of its
superclass, thereby exposing the entire internal structure of the widget.
It may not always be advantageous to do this; your own project
development style will dictate the appropriate level of detail to expose
in each module.
.LP
The \*QWindowWidget\*U needs to declare two fields in its instance structure to
hold the drawing colors, a resource field for the font and a field for the
expose and user input callback lists:
.CB
typedef struct {
	/* resources */
	Pixel color_1;
	Pixel color_2;
	XFontStruct* font;
	XtCallbackList expose_callback;
	XtCallbackList input_callback;
	/* private state */
	/* (none) */
} WindowPart;
.CE
.NH 2
Widget Source File
.LP
The source code file implements the widget class itself.  The unique
part of this file is the declaration and initialization of the
widget class record structure and the declaration of all resources and
action routines added by the widget class.
.LP
The contents of the Template implementation file,
.Pn < X11/Xaw/Template.c >,
are:
.CB
.\".so ../../lib/Xaw/Template.c
/* XConsortium: Template.c,v 1.2 88/10/25 17:40:25 swick Exp $ */

/* Copyright (c) X Consortium 1987, 1988
 */

#include <X11/IntrinsicP.h>
#include <X11/StringDefs.h>
#include "TemplateP.h"

static XtResource resources[] = {
#define offset(field) XtOffsetOf(TemplateRec, template.field)
	/* {name, class, type, size, offset, default_type, default_addr}, */
    { XtNtemplateResource, XtCTemplateResource, XtRTemplateResource,
	  sizeof(char*), offset(resource), XtRString, (XtPointer) "default" },
#undef offset
};

static void TemplateAction(/* Widget, XEvent*, String*, Cardinal* */);

static XtActionsRec actions[] =
{
	/* {name,	procedure}, */
	{"template",	TemplateAction},
};

static char translations[] =
"	<Key>:	template(\|) \\n\\
";

TemplateClassRec templateClassRec = {
  { /* core fields */
	/* superclass	*/	(WidgetClass) &widgetClassRec,
	/* class_name	*/	"Template",
	/* widget_size	*/	sizeof(TemplateRec),
	/* class_initialize	*/	NULL,
	/* class_part_initialize	*/	NULL,
	/* class_inited	*/	FALSE,
	/* initialize	*/	NULL,
	/* initialize_hook	*/	NULL,
	/* realize	*/	XtInheritRealize,
	/* actions	*/	actions,
	/* num_actions	*/	XtNumber(actions),
	/* resources	*/	resources,
	/* num_resources	*/	XtNumber(resources),
	/* xrm_class	*/	NULLQUARK,
	/* compress_motion	*/	TRUE,
	/* compress_exposure	*/	TRUE,
	/* compress_enterleave */	TRUE,
	/* visible_interest	*/	FALSE,
	/* destroy	*/	NULL,
	/* resize	*/	NULL,
	/* expose	*/	NULL,
	/* set_values	*/	NULL,
	/* set_values_hook	*/	NULL,
	/* set_values_almost	*/	XtInheritSetValuesAlmost,
	/* get_values_hook	*/	NULL,
	/* accept_focus	*/	NULL,
	/* version	*/	XtVersion,
	/* callback_private	*/	NULL,
	/* tm_table	*/	translations,
	/* query_geometry	*/	XtInheritQueryGeometry,
	/* display_accelerator	*/	XtInheritDisplayAccelerator,
	/* extension	*/	NULL
  },
  { /* template fields */
	/* empty	*/	0
  }
};

WidgetClass templateWidgetClass = (WidgetClass)&templateClassRec;

.CE
The resource list for the \*QWindowWidget\*U might look like the following:
.CB
static XtResource resources[] = {
#define offset(field) XtOffsetOf(WindowWidgetRec, window.field)
	/* {name, class, type, size, offset, default_type, default_addr}, */
	{ XtNdrawingColor1, XtCColor, XtRPixel, sizeof(Pixel),
		  offset(color_1), XtRString, XtDefaultForeground },
	{ XtNdrawingColor2, XtCColor, XtRPixel, sizeof(Pixel),
		  offset(color_2), XtRString, XtDefaultForeground },
	{ XtNfont, XtCFont, XtRFontStruct, sizeof(XFontStruct*),
		  offset(font), XtRString, XtDefaultFont },
	{ XtNexposeCallback, XtCCallback, XtRCallback, sizeof(XtCallbackList),
		  offset(expose_callback), XtRCallback, NULL },
	{ XtNcallback, XtCCallback, XtRCallback, sizeof(XtCallbackList),
		  offset(input_callback), XtRCallback, NULL },
#undef offset
};
.CE
.LP
The user input callback will be implemented by an action procedure which
passes the event pointer as call_data.  The action procedure
is declared as:
.CB
/* ARGSUSED */
static void InputAction(w, event, params, num_params)
	Widget w;
	XEvent *event;
	String *params;		/* unused */
	Cardinal *num_params;	/* unused */
{
	XtCallCallbacks(w, XtNcallback, (XtPointer)event);
}

static XtActionsRec actions[] =
{
	/* {name,	procedure}, */
	{"input",	InputAction},
};
.CE
.LP
and the default input binding will be to execute the input callbacks on
.PN KeyPress
and
.PN ButtonPress :
.LP
.CB
static char translations[] =
"	<Key>:	input(\|) \\n\\
 	<BtnDown>:	input(\|) \\
";
.CE
.LP
In the class record declaration and initialization, the only field that
is different from the Template is the expose procedure:
.CB
/* ARGSUSED */
static void Redisplay(w, event, region)
	Widget w;
	XEvent *event;	/* unused */
	Region region;
{
	XtCallCallbacks(w, XtNexposeCallback, (XtPointer)region);
}

WindowClassRec windowClassRec = {

	...

	/* expose	*/	Redisplay,
.CE
.LP
.sp
The \*QWindowWidget\*U will also declare three public procedures to return the
drawing colors and the font id, saving the application the effort of
constructing an argument list for a call to
.PN XtGetValues :
.LP
.CB
Pixel WindowColor1(w)
	Widget w;
{
	return ((WindowWidget)w)->window.color_1;
}

Pixel WindowColor2(w)
	Widget w;
{
	return ((WindowWidget)w)->window.color_2;
}

Font WindowFont(w)
	Widget w;
{
	return ((WindowWidget)w)->window.font->fid;
}
.CE
.LP
The \*QWindowWidget\*U is now complete.  The application can retrieve the two
drawing colors from the widget instance by calling either
.PN XtGetValues ,
or the \fBWindowColor\fP functions.  The actual window created for the
\*QWindowWidget\*U is available by calling the
.PN XtWindow
function.
.ds LH
.ds CH
.ds RH
.nr PN +1
.XS
Index
.XE
.tm .pn \n(PN
.nr PN -1
.\" print Table of Contents
.if o .bp \" blank page to make count even
.bp 3
.af PN i
.PX